{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T04:50:52Z","timestamp":1791435052257,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]],"date-time":"2010-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1264982400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,1]],"date-time":"2010-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1264982400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc, New York, New York"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajo.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,13]],"date-time":"2010-01-13T04:25:00Z","timestamp":1263356700000},"page":"189-193.e2","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["HLA Typing in Uveitis: Use and Misuse"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"Katherine J.","family":"Zamecki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas A.","family":"Jabs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.03.057","article-title":"Standardization of uveitis nomenclature for reporting clinical data","volume":"140","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(00)00659-0","article-title":"Guidelines for the use of immunosuppressive drugs in patients with ocular inflammatory disorders: recommendations of an expert panel","volume":"130","author":"Jabs","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1080\/09273940490883671","article-title":"Treatment of ocular inflammation","volume":"12","author":"Jabs","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)70533-1","article-title":"Clinical features and associated systemic diseases of HLA-B27 uveitis","volume":"121","author":"Tay-Kearney","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.01.035","article-title":"Birdshot retinochoroidopathy: ocular complications and visual impairment","volume":"140","author":"Thorne","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.08.039","article-title":"Loss of visual field among patients with birdshot chorioretinopathy","volume":"145","author":"Thorne","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(90)32419-3","article-title":"Ocular syphilis","volume":"97","author":"Tamesis","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.06.006","article-title":"Evaluation of patients with scleritis for systemic disease","volume":"111","author":"Akpek","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-84-1-8","article-title":"Incomplete Reiter's syndrome: discriminating features and HL-A W27 in diagnosis","volume":"84","author":"Arnett","year":"1976","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.07.011","article-title":"Ophthalmic findings and frequency of extraocular manifestations in patients with HLA-B27 uveitis: a study of 175 cases","volume":"111","author":"Monnet","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)72165-8","article-title":"Outcomes of HLA-B27-positive and HLA-B27-negative acute anterior uveitis","volume":"120","author":"Linssen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib12","first-page":"792","article-title":"Characterization of uveitis associated with spondyloarthritis","volume":"16","author":"Rosenbaum","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib13","series-title":"Clinical Epidemiology: The Essentials","author":"Fletcher","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib14","series-title":"Epidemiology: Beyond the Basics","author":"Szklo","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(82)90069-1","article-title":"Birdshot retinochoroidopathy associated with HLA-A29 antigen and immune responsiveness to retinal S-antigen","volume":"94","author":"Nussenblatt","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(88)90183-3","article-title":"HLA typing in birdshot chorioretinopathy","volume":"105","author":"Priem","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)75749-6","article-title":"HLA-A29.2 subtype associated with birdshot retinochoroidopathy","volume":"113","author":"LeHoang","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1076\/ocii.11.4.287.18270","article-title":"Uveitis referral pattern in a Midwest University Eye Center","volume":"11","author":"Oruc","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib19","series-title":"Ocular Infection and Immunity","first-page":"570","article-title":"Birdshot retinochoroidopathy","author":"LeHoang","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2005.08.025","article-title":"Research criteria for the diagnosis of birdshot chorioretinopathy: results of an international consensus conference","volume":"141","author":"Levinson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(00)00863-1","article-title":"The association of HLA class II with pars planitis","volume":"131","author":"Oruc","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210301300503","article-title":"Genetic polymorphism of HLA DR in a Scottish population of patients with pars planitis","volume":"13","author":"Greiner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)90122-7","article-title":"Pars planitis: clinical features and class II HLA associations","volume":"106","author":"Raja","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)70994-8","article-title":"The association of HLA-DR15 and intermediate uveitis","volume":"123","author":"Tang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(93)31505-8","article-title":"The association of HLA-B8, B51, DR2, and multiple sclerosis in pars planitis","volume":"100","author":"Malinowski","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00142352","article-title":"Association of birdshot retinochroidopathy and HLA-A29 antigen","volume":"61","year":"1986","journal-title":"Doc Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(90)32446-6","article-title":"HLA associations and ancestry in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease and sympathetic ophthalmia","volume":"97","author":"Davis","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.1997.tb02723.x","article-title":"Immunogenetic study of sympathetic ophthalmia","volume":"49","author":"Shindo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib29","first-page":"3890","article-title":"HLA class II genes in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease","volume":"35","author":"Monowarul Islam","year":"1994","journal-title":"Invest Ophthal Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(97)00265-6","article-title":"HLA-DRB1*0405 is the predominant allele in Brazilian patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease","volume":"59","author":"Goldberg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hum Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(90)32446-6","article-title":"HLA associations and ancestry in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease and sympathetic ophthalmia","volume":"97","author":"Davis","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1076\/ocii.6.2.93.4049","article-title":"HLA-DR is strongly associated with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in Mexican Mestizo patients","volume":"6","author":"Arellanes-Garcia","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ocul Immunol Inflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(95)30920-7","article-title":"Association between Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome and HLA-DR1 and -DR4 in Hispanic patients living in southern California","volume":"102","author":"Weisz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1991.01080030070041","article-title":"Association of HLA antigens with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome in a Han Chinese population","volume":"109","author":"Zhao","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)70389-7","article-title":"Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease and HLA type in Italian patients","volume":"122","author":"Pivetti-Pezzi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)74731-2","article-title":"Profiling human leukocyte antigens in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome","volume":"113","author":"Zhang","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib37","first-page":"3332","article-title":"Human leukocyte antigen serologic and DNA typing of Beh\u00e7et's disease and its primary association with B51","volume":"33","author":"Mizuki","year":"1992","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(98)00011-1","article-title":"HLA-B*5101 in Greek patients with Beh\u00e7et's disease","volume":"59","author":"Koumantaki","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hum Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib39","first-page":"3702","article-title":"Localization of the pathogenic gene of Beh\u00e7et's disease by microsatellite analysis of three different populations","volume":"41","author":"Mizuki","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthal Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)70532-X","article-title":"Cause of uveitis in the general practice ophthalmology","volume":"121","author":"McCannel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1996.01100130585016","article-title":"Referral patterns of uveitis in a tertiary eye care center","volume":"114","author":"Rodriguez","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)76694-2","article-title":"Clinical patterns and associated conditions in chronic uveitis","volume":"112","author":"Weiner","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-108-1-115","article-title":"Posttest probability calculation by weights: a simple form of Bayes' theorem","volume":"108","author":"Rembold","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1990.01070110107034","article-title":"The utility of routine screening of patients with uveitis for systemic lupus erythematosus or tuberculosis","volume":"108","author":"Rosenbaum","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002939409007314?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002939409007314?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T13:00:21Z","timestamp":1757595621000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002939409007314"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002939409007314"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9394"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9394","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"HLA Typing in Uveitis: Use and Misuse","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.09.018","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}