{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T10:20:33Z","timestamp":1789381233725,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"AREDS2 Ancillary (A2A) SDOCT Study"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000967","name":"American Health Assistance Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000967","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHS-N-260-2005-00007-C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHS-N-260-2005-00007-C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N01-EY-5-0007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N01-EY-5-0007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005242","name":"Heed Ophthalmic Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005242","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ronald G. Michels Fellowship Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajo.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,17]],"date-time":"2014-12-17T02:30:15Z","timestamp":1418783415000},"page":"617-626.e2","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Relationship of Central Choroidal Thickness With Age-Related Macular Degeneration Status"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"159","author":[{"given":"Glenn","family":"Yiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie J.","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip A.","family":"Petrou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Stinnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neeru","family":"Sarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sina","family":"Farsiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily Y.","family":"Chew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wai T.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia A.","family":"Toth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ORSF68","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12757","article-title":"Dry age-related macular degeneration: mechanisms, therapeutic targets, and imaging","volume":"54","author":"Bowes Rickman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)70906-7","article-title":"A hemodynamic model of the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration","volume":"124","author":"Friedman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib3","first-page":"385","article-title":"Foveolar choroidal blood flow in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"39","author":"Grunwald","year":"1998","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-1050","article-title":"Reduced foveolar choroidal blood flow in eyes with increasing AMD severity","volume":"46","author":"Grunwald","year":"2005","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.01.041","article-title":"Association of risk factors for choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration with decreased foveolar choroidal circulation","volume":"150","author":"Xu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6476","article-title":"Choriocapillaris vascular dropout related to density of drusen in human eyes with early age-related macular degeneration","volume":"52","author":"Mullins","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2008.05.032","article-title":"Enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography","volume":"146","author":"Spaide","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6307","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12653","article-title":"Comparison of macular choroidal thickness among patients older than age 65 with early atrophic age-related macular degeneration and normals","volume":"54","author":"Sigler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7812","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-12284","article-title":"Correlation between subfoveal choroidal thickness and the severity or progression of nonexudative age-related macular degeneration","volume":"54","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.09.012","article-title":"Choroidal thickness in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy and exudative age-related macular degeneration","volume":"118","author":"Chung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e31821801c5","article-title":"Comparison of choroidal thickness among patients with healthy eyes, early age-related maculopathy, neovascular age-related macular degeneration, central serous chorioretinopathy, and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy","volume":"31","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.03.008","article-title":"Analysis of choroidal thickness in age-related macular degeneration using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography","volume":"152","author":"Manjunath","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.05.021","article-title":"Retinal and choroidal thickness in early age-related macular degeneration","volume":"152","author":"Wood","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000035","article-title":"Choroidal thickness in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"34","author":"Jonas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20131220-04","article-title":"Analysis of short-term change in subfoveal choroidal thickness in eyes with age-related macular degeneration using optical coherence tomography","volume":"45","author":"Fein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.692","article-title":"Effect of intravitreous anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy on choroidal thickness in neovascular age-related macular degeneration using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography","volume":"131","author":"Branchini","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.02.022","article-title":"Subfoveal choroidal thickness after ranibizumab therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: 12-month results","volume":"119","author":"Yamazaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.06.006","article-title":"Effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy on choroidal thickness in diabetic macular edema","volume":"158","author":"Yiu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000081","article-title":"Exacerbation of choroidal and retinal pigment epithelial atrophy after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment in neovascular age-related macular degeneration","volume":"34","author":"Young","year":"2014","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2008.12.008","article-title":"A pilot study of enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in normal eyes","volume":"147","author":"Margolis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.3928\/15428877-20120426-02","article-title":"Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography: choroidal thickness and correlations with age, refractive error, and axial length","volume":"43","author":"Goldenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.04.029","article-title":"Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography of the choroid in highly myopic eyes","volume":"148","author":"Fujiwara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3876","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-3325","article-title":"Retinal and choroidal biometry in highly myopic eyes with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography","volume":"50","author":"Ikuno","year":"2009","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-8782","article-title":"Diurnal variation of choroidal thickness in normal, healthy subjects measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography","volume":"53","author":"Tan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-8383","article-title":"Circadian changes in subfoveal choroidal thickness and the relationship with circulatory factors in healthy subjects","volume":"53","author":"Usui","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3663","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-9619","article-title":"Choroidal thickness, vascular hyperpermeability, and complement factor H in age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy","volume":"53","author":"Jirarattanasopa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.01.023","article-title":"Subfoveal choroidal thickness after treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"117","author":"Maruko","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.4997","article-title":"Lutein\u00a0+ zeaxanthin and omega-3 fatty acids for age-related macular degeneration: the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) randomized clinical trial","volume":"309","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.05.027","article-title":"The Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2): study design and baseline characteristics (AREDS2 report number 1)","volume":"119","author":"Group","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.07.004","article-title":"Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography characteristics of intermediate age-related macular degeneration","volume":"120","author":"Leuschen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4626","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-9813","article-title":"Spatial correlation between hyperpigmentary changes on color fundus photography and hyperreflective foci on SDOCT in intermediate AMD","volume":"53","author":"Folgar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-7640","article-title":"Validated automatic segmentation of AMD pathology including drusen and geographic atrophy in SD-OCT images","volume":"53","author":"Chiu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19413","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.18.019413","article-title":"Automatic segmentation of seven retinal layers in SDOCT images congruent with expert manual segmentation","volume":"18","author":"Chiu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Opt Express"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.07.013","article-title":"Quantitative classification of eyes with and without intermediate age-related macular degeneration using optical coherence tomography","volume":"121","author":"Farsiu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.7288","article-title":"Characterization of the choroid-scleral junction and suprachoroidal layer in healthy individuals on enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography","volume":"132","author":"Yiu","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(01)01218-1","article-title":"The Age-Related Eye Disease Study system for classifying age-related macular degeneration from stereoscopic color fundus photographs: the Age-Related Eye Disease Study Report Number 6","volume":"132","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7019","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-8046","article-title":"Spatial distribution of posterior pole choroidal thickness by spectral domain optical coherence tomography","volume":"52","author":"Ouyang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e31827d266e","article-title":"Optical coherence tomography-based correlation between choroidal thickness and drusen load in dry age-related macular degeneration","volume":"33","author":"Ko","year":"2013","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.3341\/kjo.2013.27.6.433","article-title":"Comparison of choroidal thickness in patients with diabetes by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography","volume":"27","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Korean J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4213","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI65157","article-title":"Targeted deletion of Vegfa in adult mice induces vision loss","volume":"122","author":"Kurihara","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"44","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18751","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0905010106","article-title":"An essential role for RPE-derived soluble VEGF in the maintenance of the choriocapillaris","volume":"106","author":"Saint-Geniez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4982","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-3639","article-title":"Relationship between RPE and choriocapillaris in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"50","author":"McLeod","year":"2009","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-13754","article-title":"Structural and biochemical analyses of choroidal thickness in human donor eyes","volume":"55","author":"Sohn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3182993e09","article-title":"Analysis of the thickness and vascular layers of the choroid in eyes with geographic atrophy using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography","volume":"34","author":"Adhi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Retina"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib45","first-page":"2857","article-title":"Morphometric analysis of Bruch's membrane, the choriocapillaris, and the choroid in aging","volume":"35","author":"Ramrattan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7710","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-10464","article-title":"Association between choroidal thickness and ocular perfusion pressure in young, healthy subjects: enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography study","volume":"53","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.11.005","article-title":"Relationship between choroidal thickness and choroidal circulation in healthy young subjects","volume":"153","author":"Sogawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Ophthalmology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002939414008058?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002939414008058?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T13:11:43Z","timestamp":1757596303000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002939414008058"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002939414008058"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9394"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9394","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Relationship of Central Choroidal Thickness With Age-Related Macular Degeneration Status","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.12.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}