{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T16:08:44Z","timestamp":1791562124463,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]],"date-time":"2008-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214870400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]],"date-time":"2008-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214870400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajodo.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,9]],"date-time":"2008-07-09T10:07:59Z","timestamp":1215598079000},"page":"18-29.e1","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":132,"title":["Treatment effects of mini-implants for en-masse retraction of anterior teeth in bialveolar dental protrusion patients: A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Madhur","family":"Upadhyay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumit","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Nagaraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameer","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(05)81725-1","article-title":"Bimaxillary protrusion in black Americans\u2014an esthetic evaluation and the treatment considerations","volume":"104","author":"Farrow","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2003.83","article-title":"Bialveolar protrusion in a Zimbabwean sample","volume":"123","author":"Dandajena","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1179\/bjo.15.3.175","article-title":"Bimaxillary proclination in patients of Afro-Caribbean origin","volume":"15","author":"Carter","year":"1988","journal-title":"Br J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib4","series-title":"Contemporary orthodontics","author":"Proffit","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(89)90052-8","article-title":"Changes in facial profile during orthodontic treatment with extraction of four first premolars","volume":"95","author":"Drobocky","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2001.116089","article-title":"The effect of anterior tooth retraction on lip position of orthodontically treated adult Indonesians","volume":"120","author":"Kusnoto","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(87)90391-X","article-title":"Soft-tissue profile changes resulting from retraction of maxillary incisors","volume":"91","author":"Talass","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(77)90057-4","article-title":"Soft-tissue profile changes in Class II treatment","volume":"72","author":"Roos","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(82)90185-3","article-title":"The segmented arch approach to space closure","volume":"82","author":"Burstone","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(76)90208-6","article-title":"The effect of different extraction sites upon incisor retraction","volume":"69","author":"Williams","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib11","first-page":"586","article-title":"Where teeth should be positioned in the face and jaws and how to get them there","volume":"31","author":"Creekmore","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib12","first-page":"693","article-title":"Rigid implant anchorage to close a mandibular first molar extraction site","volume":"28","author":"Roberts","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.04.016","article-title":"A clinical evaluation of titanium miniplates as anchors for orthodontic treatment","volume":"128","author":"Choi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib14","first-page":"703","article-title":"Sliding mechanics with microscrew implant anchorage","volume":"74","author":"Park","year":"2004","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib15","first-page":"417","article-title":"Micro-implant anchorage for treatment of skeletal Class I bialveolar protrusion","volume":"35","author":"Park","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib16","first-page":"76","article-title":"Extraction space closure with vacuum-formed splints and miniscrew anchorage","volume":"39","author":"Park","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(67)90022-X","article-title":"Lip posture and its significance in treatment planning","volume":"53","author":"Burstone","year":"1967","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib18","first-page":"208","article-title":"Long-term profile changes associated with successfully treated extraction and nonextraction Class II Division 1 malocclusions","volume":"70","author":"Zierhut","year":"2000","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib19","first-page":"219","article-title":"Extreme variation in vertical facial growth and associated variation in skeletal and dental relations","volume":"41","author":"Isaacson","year":"1971","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/24.4.407","article-title":"Vertical changes following orthodontic extraction treatment in skeletal open bite subjects","volume":"24","author":"Aras","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib21","first-page":"19","article-title":"The control of vertical overbite in clinical orthodontics","volume":"38","author":"Schudy","year":"1968","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(64)90039-9","article-title":"Analysis of dentofacial vertical proportions","volume":"50","author":"Sassouni","year":"1964","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(05)81652-X","article-title":"A comparison of results of second molar and first premolar extraction treatment","volume":"98","author":"Staggers","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.01.021","article-title":"Cephalometric changes in overbite and vertical facial height after removal of 4 first molars or first premolars","volume":"130","author":"Hans","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib25","first-page":"594","article-title":"Effects of first bicuspid extractions on facial height in high-angle cases","volume":"27","author":"Cusimano","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib26","first-page":"340","article-title":"Control of anterior vertical dimension and proper selection of extraoral anchorage","volume":"38","author":"Kuhn","year":"1968","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(99)70301-X","article-title":"The effect of first premolar extraction on vertical dimension","volume":"116","author":"Kocadereli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib28","first-page":"177","article-title":"First or second premolar extraction effects on facial vertical dimensions","volume":"75","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(89)90388-0","article-title":"A clinical study of maxillary canine retraction with a retraction spring and with sliding mechanics","volume":"95","author":"Ziegler","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.12.014","article-title":"Comparison and measurement of the amount of anchorage loss of the molars with and without the use of implant anchorage during canine retraction","volume":"129","author":"Thiruvenkatachari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib31","first-page":"129","article-title":"Current concepts of anchorage management","volume":"42","author":"Baker","year":"1972","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(85)90195-2","article-title":"Biomechanical design and clinical evaluation of new canine-retraction spring","volume":"87","author":"Gjessing","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib33","first-page":"43","article-title":"Skeletal asymmetry in esthetically pleasing faces","volume":"61","author":"Peck","year":"1991","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1999.0371","article-title":"More than lip service: facial esthetics in orthodontics","volume":"130","author":"Bowman","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(95)70114-1","article-title":"Adolescent growth changes in soft tissue profile","volume":"107","author":"Prahl-Andersen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(92)70125-T","article-title":"Analysis of soft tissue facial profile in white males","volume":"101","author":"Zylinski","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(82)90492-4","article-title":"The influence of lip thickness and strain on upper lip response to incisor retraction","volume":"82","author":"Oliver","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(82)90187-7","article-title":"Changes in nasolabial angle related to maxillary incisor retraction","volume":"82","author":"Lo","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1179\/bjo.1.5.199","article-title":"Soft tissue response to upper incisor retraction in boys","volume":"1","author":"Wisth","year":"1974","journal-title":"Br J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(78)90029-5","article-title":"Reliability of soft-tissue profile in cephalometrics","volume":"74","author":"Hillesund","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889540608000097?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889540608000097?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T08:45:26Z","timestamp":1760172326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0889540608000097"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0889540608000097"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-5406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-5406","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Treatment effects of mini-implants for en-masse retraction of anterior teeth in bialveolar dental protrusion patients: A randomized controlled trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.025","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2008 American Association of Orthodontists. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}