{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T07:57:47Z","timestamp":1780473467693,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504224000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1504224000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajodo.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,30]],"date-time":"2017-08-30T12:52:22Z","timestamp":1504097542000},"page":"320-326","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Prevalence of extraction space reopening in different orthodontic treatment protocols"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"152","author":[{"given":"Guilherme","family":"Janson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo Pinelli","family":"Valarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayara","family":"Rizzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabr\u00edcio Pinelli","family":"Valarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9416(72)90268-0","article-title":"The six keys to normal occlusion","volume":"62","author":"Andrews","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(71)90029-7","article-title":"The prevention of relapse in extraction cases","volume":"60","author":"Edwards","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(70)90071-0","article-title":"The gingival response to orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"58","author":"Atherton","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(69)90050-5","article-title":"Principles of retention and avoidance of posttreatment relapse","volume":"55","author":"Reitan","year":"1969","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0096-6347(45)90056-1","article-title":"Orthodontics and transeptal fibers: a histological interpretation of repair phenomena following the removal of first premolars with retraction of the anterior segment","volume":"31","author":"Erikson","year":"1945","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Oral Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(72)90298-9","article-title":"Transseptal fibers and relapse following bodily retraction of teeth: a histologic study","volume":"61","author":"Parker","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/4.2.99","article-title":"Residual extraction sites after orthodontic treatment. Part II. At the end of retention","volume":"4","author":"Wisth","year":"1982","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9416(83)90245-2","article-title":"Gingival invagination in extraction sites of orthodontic patients: their incidence, effects on periodontal health, and orthodontic treatment","volume":"83","author":"Circuns","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.12.026","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment time in 2- and 4-premolar-extraction protocols","volume":"129","author":"Janson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjl031","article-title":"Maxillary third molar position in Class II malocclusions: the effect of treatment with and without maxillary premolar extractions","volume":"28","author":"Janson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.10.031","article-title":"Class II treatment efficiency in maxillary premolar extraction and nonextraction protocols","volume":"132","author":"Janson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.05.012","article-title":"Soft-tissue treatment changes in Class II Division 1 malocclusion with and without extraction of maxillary premolars","volume":"132","author":"Janson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(79)90224-0","article-title":"Single arch extraction\u2014upper first molars or what to do when nonextraction treatment fails","volume":"76","author":"Williams","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib14","first-page":"89","article-title":"Case report SB: long-term follow-up on Class II treatment with first molar extractions","volume":"66","author":"Safirstein","year":"1996","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.11.019","article-title":"Influence of root parallelism on the stability of extraction-site closures","volume":"139","author":"Chiqueto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(75)90086-X","article-title":"The irregularity index: a quantitative score of mandibular anterior alignment","volume":"68","author":"Little","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.06.017","article-title":"Influence of rapid palatal expansion on maxillary incisor alignment stability","volume":"137","author":"Canuto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.2319\/112614-847.1","article-title":"Maxillary anterior alignment stability in Class I and Class II malocclusions treated with or without extraction","volume":"86","author":"Guirro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/14.2.125","article-title":"The development of the PAR index (peer assessment rating): reliability and validity","volume":"14","author":"Richmond","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(95)70133-8","article-title":"The validation of the peer assessment rating index for malocclusion severity and treatment difficulty","volume":"107","author":"DeGuzman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib21","series-title":"Statistical methods for medical and biological students","author":"Dahlberg","year":"1940"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(83)90322-6","article-title":"The analysis of errors in orthodontic measurements","volume":"83","author":"Houston","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(71)90028-5","article-title":"The reliability of head film measurements: 1. Landmark identification","volume":"60","author":"Baumrind","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(87)90333-7","article-title":"Nonextraction orthodontic therapy: posttreatment dental and skeletal stability","volume":"92","author":"Glenn","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4801433","article-title":"The long-term benefits of orthodontic treatment","volume":"192","author":"Linklater","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br Dent J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2008.08.033","article-title":"Treatment stability in patients with Class II malocclusion treated with 2 maxillary premolar extractions or without extractions","volume":"138","author":"Janson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib27","series-title":"Practical statistics for medical research","author":"Altman","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.5812\/ijem.3505","article-title":"Normality tests for statistical analysis: a guide for non-statisticians","volume":"10","author":"Ghasemi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1590\/S2176-94512010000100012","article-title":"A PowerPoint\u00ae-based guide to assist in choosing the suitable statistical test","volume":"15","author":"Normando","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dent Press J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib30","first-page":"164","article-title":"Orthodontic outcomes assessment using the peer assessment rating index","volume":"71","author":"Dyken","year":"2001","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2002.120016","article-title":"Efficiency of early and late Class II Division 1 treatment","volume":"121","author":"von Bremen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70179-9","article-title":"Objective grading system for dental casts and panoramic radiographs","volume":"114","author":"Casko","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2004.04.035","article-title":"Comparison of peer assessment rating (PAR) index scores of plaster and computer-based digital models","volume":"128","author":"Mayers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2002.128465","article-title":"Evaluation of the peer assessment rating (PAR) index as an index of orthodontic treatment need","volume":"122","author":"Firestone","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428.e9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.02.051","article-title":"Influence of the quality of the finished occlusion on postretention occlusal relapse","volume":"132","author":"de Freitas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.2319\/042307-206.1","article-title":"PAR evaluation of treated Class I extraction patients","volume":"78","author":"Freitas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(80)90200-6","article-title":"Maxillary canine retraction, periodontal surgery, and relapse","volume":"78","author":"McCollum","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1179\/bjo.5.2.61","article-title":"Long term results of premolar extractions in orthodontic treatment","volume":"5","author":"Crossman","year":"1978","journal-title":"Br J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/4.3.203","article-title":"Residual extraction sites after orthodontic treatment. Part III. Changes in the post-retintion period","volume":"4","author":"Oftedal","year":"1982","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib40","first-page":"108","article-title":"Clinical observations of cases five years out of treatment","volume":"28","author":"Stackler","year":"1958","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib41","first-page":"179","article-title":"A review of the retention problem","volume":"30","author":"Riedel","year":"1960","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(83)90165-3","article-title":"Extraction space closure stability following canine retraction and periodontal surgery","volume":"84","author":"Vecere","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib43","first-page":"64","article-title":"A radiographic study of roots in extraction sites","volume":"46","author":"Hatasaka","year":"1976","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(82)90428-6","article-title":"Treatment results with light wires studied by panoramic radiography","volume":"81","author":"Mayoral","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(97)80025-X","article-title":"The effect of premolar extractions on tooth-size discrepancy","volume":"111","author":"Saat\u00e7i","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889540617304432?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889540617304432?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:02:56Z","timestamp":1760173376000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0889540617304432"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0889540617304432"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-5406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-5406","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevalence of extraction space reopening in different orthodontic treatment protocols","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.01.019","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 by the American Association of Orthodontists. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}