{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T10:39:26Z","timestamp":1788431966046,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25862008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25862008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22792048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22792048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajodo.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,18]],"date-time":"2020-08-18T08:04:21Z","timestamp":1597737861000},"page":"535-546","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Surface-based 3-dimensional cephalometry: An objective analysis of cranio-mandibular morphology"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"158","author":[{"given":"Yosuke","family":"Tsukiboshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chihiro","family":"Tanikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Yamashiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib1","first-page":"45","article-title":"A new X-ray technique and its application to orthodontics","volume":"1","author":"Broadbent","year":"1931","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib2","first-page":"232","article-title":"Die Bedeutung der r\u00f6ntgenfern- und abstandsaufnahme f\u00fcr die Diagnostik der kieferanomalien","volume":"1","author":"Hofrath","year":"1931","journal-title":"Fortschritte der Orthodontik"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.2319\/021009-93.1","article-title":"A biographical portrait of Edward Hartley Angle, the first specialist in orthodontics, part 1","volume":"79","author":"Peck","year":"2009","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib4","first-page":"452","article-title":"The influence of lateral head radiographs in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning","volume":"23","author":"Hansen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjn059","article-title":"The influence of cephalometrics on orthodontic treatment planning","volume":"30","author":"Nijkamp","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.09.021","article-title":"How important are lateral cephalometric radiographs in orthodontic treatment planning?","volume":"139","author":"Devereux","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e74186","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0074186","article-title":"Records needed for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning: a systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Rischen","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.2319\/011214-41.1","article-title":"Influence of lateral cephalometric radiography in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning","volume":"85","author":"Dur\u00e3o","year":"2015","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjp052","article-title":"Improving the concordance between various anteroposterior cephalometric measurements using Procrustes analysis","volume":"31","author":"Wellens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib10","first-page":"H166","article-title":"Computerized transverse axial scanning (tomography): Part I. Description of system","volume":"68","author":"Hounsfield","year":"1973","journal-title":"Br J Radiol 1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(91)90477-T","article-title":"Contribution of pretreatment radiographs to orthodontists\u2019 decision making","volume":"71","author":"Atchison","year":"1991","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2016.10.037","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment planning of orthodontic patients with 3-dimensional dentofacial records","volume":"151","author":"Manosudprasit","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.2307\/1426091","article-title":"The diffusion of shape","volume":"9","author":"Kendall","year":"1977","journal-title":"Adv Appl Probab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib14","series-title":"Geometric morphometrics for biologists: a primer","author":"Zelditch","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2003.814784","article-title":"Estimating average growth trajectories in shape-space using kernel smoothing","volume":"22","author":"Hutton","year":"2003","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cad.2011.01.011","article-title":"The 3D Chinese head and face modeling","volume":"44","author":"Luximon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Comput Aid Des"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.22054","article-title":"Large-scale objective phenotyping of 3D facial morphology","volume":"33","author":"Hammond","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Mutat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib18","series-title":"Morphometric tools for landmark data: geometry and biology","author":"Bookstein","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S1361-8415(97)85012-8","article-title":"Landmark methods for forms without landmarks: morphometrics of group differences in outline shape","volume":"1","author":"Bookstein","year":"1997","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.2307\/2992207","article-title":"Extensions of the Procrustes method for the optimal superimposition of landmarks","volume":"39","author":"Rohlf","year":"1990","journal-title":"Syst Zool"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.2307\/2992387","article-title":"\u201cSize and shape\u201d: a comment on semantics","volume":"38","author":"Bookstein","year":"1989","journal-title":"Syst Zool"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib22","series-title":"Statistical shape analysis","author":"Dryden","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib23","author":"Yamazaki"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib24","series-title":"Non-rigid shape registration using Rotation-invariant differential coordinates","author":"Yamazaki","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00567","article-title":"A novel method to detect 3D mandibular changes related to soft-diet feeding","volume":"8","author":"Kono","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib26","series-title":"Introductory probability and statistics","first-page":"153","author":"Kozak","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2016.02.002","article-title":"Authors' response","volume":"149","author":"Hans","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib28","article-title":"Three-dimensional cone beam computerized tomography in dentistry","volume":"25","author":"Palomo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dent Today"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/28403350","article-title":"Radiation exposure during midfacial imaging using 4- and 16-slice computed tomography, cone beam computed tomography systems and conventional radiography","volume":"33","author":"Schulze","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-016-1490-4","article-title":"The impact of manual threshold selection in medical additive manufacturing","volume":"12","author":"Van Eijnatten","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e48281","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048281","article-title":"Reproducibility of Frankfort horizontal plane on 3D multi-planar reconstructed MR images","volume":"7","author":"Daboul","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","article-title":"The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Landis","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90837-8","article-title":"Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement","volume":"1","author":"Bland","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchb.2015.10.001","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism in the facial morphology of adult humans: A three-dimensional analysis","volume":"67","author":"Tanikawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Homo"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib35","first-page":"31","article-title":"Craniofacial manifestations of Loeys Dietz syndrome: A case report and a review of the literature","volume":"60","author":"Morita","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Osaka Univ Dental Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2011.02.045","article-title":"Three-dimensional cephalometric norms of Chinese adults in Hong Kong with balanced facial profile","volume":"112","author":"Cheung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adaj.2017.07.030","article-title":"Comparative study of cephalometric measurements using 3 imaging modalities","volume":"148","author":"Wen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2019.02.012","article-title":"Quantifying faces three-dimensionally in orthodontic practice","volume":"47","author":"Tanikawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1112","article-title":"Comparison of the Reliability of Anatomic Landmarks based on PA Cephalometric Radiographs and 3D CT Scans in Patients with Facial Asymmetry","volume":"4","author":"Bajaj","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/85147715","article-title":"Reliability of\u00a0landmark identification in cephalometric radiography acquired\u00a0by a storage phosphor imaging system","volume":"33","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2013.08.007","article-title":"Is there consistency in cephalometric land mark identification amongst oral and maxillofacial surgeons?","volume":"43","author":"Miloro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/16.2.110","article-title":"Validity of cephalo metric landmarks. An experimental study on human skulls","volume":"16","author":"Tng","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356909040415","article-title":"Variability in tracings of lateral head plates for diagnostic orthodontic purposes. A methodologic study","volume":"27","author":"Kvam","year":"1969","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889540620303474?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889540620303474?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:07:36Z","timestamp":1760173656000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0889540620303474"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0889540620303474"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-5406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-5406","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Surface-based 3-dimensional cephalometry: An objective analysis of cranio-mandibular morphology","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.09.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}