{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:46:08Z","timestamp":1773794768236,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajodo.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T17:42:00Z","timestamp":1598550120000},"page":"e17-e27","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Long-term occlusal changes and patient satisfaction in patients treated with and without extractions: 37\u00a0years after treatment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"158","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6230-0522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Cotrin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline Martins","family":"Gambardela-Tkacz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0567-3717","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wilana","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Augusto","family":"Iunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guilherme","family":"Janson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5310-3666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos Roberto","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9145-6334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karina Maria Salvatore","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.05.022","article-title":"Relapse of anterior crowding 3 and 33 years postretention","volume":"152","author":"Freitas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S1073-8746(99)80010-3","article-title":"Stability and relapse of mandibular anterior alignment: University of Washington studies","volume":"5","author":"Little","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2012.03.030","article-title":"Relapse revisited\u2014again","volume":"142","author":"Dyer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib4","first-page":"640","article-title":"The investigation of occlusal contacts during the retention period","volume":"73","author":"Din\u00e7er","year":"2003","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/S1073-8746(99)80004-8","article-title":"Terminology: semantics of postorthodontic treatment changes in the dentition","volume":"5","author":"Rossouw","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjy044","article-title":"Aging of the normal occlusion","volume":"41","author":"Miranda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.10.028","article-title":"Maturational changes of the normal occlusion: a 40-year follow-up","volume":"154","author":"Massaro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib8","article-title":"Occlusal aging changes of orthodontically treated versus untreated subjects","author":"Freitas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9416(72)90268-0","article-title":"The six keys to normal occlusion","volume":"62","author":"Andrews","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib10","first-page":"157","article-title":"A comparison of orthodontic treatment outcomes using the Objective Grading System (OGS) and the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index","volume":"31","author":"Chalabi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aust Orthod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib11","first-page":"21","article-title":"Methods of assessing and grading malocclusion: a review","volume":"14","author":"Otuyemi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Aust Orthod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(95)70133-8","article-title":"The validation of the Peer Assessment Rating index for malocclusion severity and treatment difficulty","volume":"107","author":"DeGuzman","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/14.2.125","article-title":"The development of the PAR Index (Peer Assessment Rating): reliability and validity","volume":"14","author":"Richmond","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/14.3.180","article-title":"The PAR Index (Peer Assessment Rating): methods to determine outcome of orthodontic treatment in terms of improvement and standards","volume":"14","author":"Richmond","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70179-9","article-title":"Objective grading system for dental casts and panoramic radiographs. American Board of Orthodontics","volume":"114","author":"Casko","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1590\/2177-6709.21.1.054-059.oar","article-title":"Frequency of orthodontic extraction","volume":"21","author":"Dardengo Cde","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dent Press J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(97)70297-X","article-title":"Treatment and posttreatment changes in patients with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion after extraction and nonextraction treatment","volume":"111","author":"Bishara","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.02.022","article-title":"Relapse of anterior crowding in patients treated with extraction and nonextraction of premolars","volume":"129","author":"Erdinc","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2015.04.039","article-title":"Factors associated with patient and parent satisfaction after orthodontic treatment: a systematic review","volume":"148","author":"Pach\u00eaco-Pereira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjp144","article-title":"Psychosocial reward of orthodontic treatment in adult patients","volume":"32","author":"Gazit-Rappaport","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjy071","article-title":"Perceptions of outcomes of orthodontic treatment in adolescent patients: a qualitative study","volume":"41","author":"AlQuraini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.04.029","article-title":"Comparison of orthodontic treatment outcomes in adults with skeletal open bite between conventional edgewise treatment and implant-anchored orthodontics","volume":"139","author":"Deguchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib23","first-page":"527","article-title":"An assessment of extraction versus nonextraction orthodontic treatment using the peer assessment rating (PAR) index","volume":"68","author":"Holman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib24","series-title":"Statistical methods for medical and biological students","author":"Dahlberg","year":"1940"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(83)90322-6","article-title":"The analysis of errors in orthodontic measurements","volume":"83","author":"Houston","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(99)70333-1","article-title":"Stability of orthodontic treatment outcome: follow-up until 10 years postretention","volume":"115","author":"Al Yami","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.2319\/0003-3219(2008)078[0625:POVAAC]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Posttreatment occlusal variability among angle Class I nonextraction patients","volume":"78","author":"Wes Fleming","year":"2008","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2002.128464","article-title":"Treatment outcome in a graduate orthodontic clinic using the American Board of Orthodontics grading system","volume":"122","author":"Yang-Powers","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib29","first-page":"91","article-title":"Comparison of extraction and non-extraction orthodontic treatment using the objective grading system","volume":"2","author":"Farhadian","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Dent Tehran Univ Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.07.025","article-title":"Treatment outcomes after extraction and nonextraction treatment evaluated with the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system","volume":"146","author":"Anthopoulou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2015.10.012","article-title":"University clinic and private practice treatment outcomes in Class I extraction and nonextraction patients: a comparative study with the American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System","volume":"149","author":"Mislik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.odw.2018.12.001","article-title":"Long term stability of treatment outcome after fixed orthodontic treatment with or without premolar extraction","volume":"78","author":"Bhupali","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthod Waves"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2004.03.030","article-title":"Clinical assessment of orthodontic outcomes with the peer assessment rating, discrepancy index, objective grading system, and comprehensive clinical assessment","volume":"127","author":"Deguchi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2004.03.029","article-title":"Long-term posttreatment changes measured by the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system","volume":"127","author":"Nett","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2013.10.010","article-title":"Long-term occlusal changes assessed by the American Board of Orthodontics\u2019 model grading system","volume":"145","author":"Aszkler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-014-0051-z","article-title":"Frequency evaluation of different extraction protocols in orthodontic treatment during 35 years","volume":"15","author":"Janson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1179\/bjo.22.2.171","article-title":"Long-term evaluation of treated Class II Division 1 malocclusions utilizing the PAR index","volume":"22","author":"Otuyemi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.07.014","article-title":"Assessing treatment outcomes for a graduate orthodontics program: follow-up study for the classes of 2001-2003","volume":"130","author":"Knierim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.4041\/kjod.2017.47.6.401","article-title":"Outcomes of comprehensive fixed appliance orthodontic treatment: a systematic review with meta-analysis and methodological overview","volume":"47","author":"Papageorgiou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Korean J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(91)70058-5","article-title":"Consistency of orthodontic treatment decisions relative to diagnostic records","volume":"100","author":"Han","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/19.3.279","article-title":"Evaluation of treatment and post-treatment changes by the PAR Index","volume":"19","author":"Birkeland","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2013.11.022","article-title":"Comparison of orthodontic treatment outcomes in nonextraction, 2 maxillary premolar extraction, and 4 premolar extraction protocols with the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system","volume":"145","author":"Akinci Cansunar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.2319\/030512-181.1","article-title":"Posttreatment and physiologic occlusal changes comparison","volume":"83","author":"Freitas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.5856\/JKDS.2014.7.1.6","article-title":"Comparison of treatment outcome assessment for class I malocclusion patients: peer assessment rating versus American Board of Orthodontics-objective grading system","volume":"7","author":"Hong","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Korean Dent Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1179\/bjo.17.3.235","article-title":"Stability and relapse of dental arch alignment","volume":"17","author":"Little","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.05.016","article-title":"Comparison of prospectively and retrospectively selected American Board of Orthodontics cases","volume":"137","author":"Struble","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(96)70150-6","article-title":"Long-term stability of Class II, Division 1, nonextraction cervical face-bow therapy: I. Model analysis","volume":"109","author":"Elms","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2012.10.015","article-title":"Correction of Class II malocclusion with Class II elastics: a systematic review","volume":"143","author":"Janson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib49","first-page":"730","article-title":"Anchorage loss\u2014a multifactorial response","volume":"73","author":"Geron","year":"2003","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib50","first-page":"240","article-title":"Long-term stability of dental relationships after orthodontic treatment","volume":"53","author":"Uhde","year":"1983","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.06.002","article-title":"Posttreatment tooth movement: for better or for worse","volume":"138","author":"Greco","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS14683J","article-title":"Age estimation by occlusal tooth wear","volume":"45","author":"Kim","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.08.027","article-title":"Long-term development of malocclusion traits in orthodontically treated and untreated subjects","volume":"138","author":"Jonsson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib54","first-page":"422","article-title":"Factors affecting patient satisfaction after orthodontic treatment","volume":"76","author":"Al-Omiri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.2319\/120909-708.1","article-title":"Factors associated with long-term patient satisfaction","volume":"80","author":"Maia","year":"2010","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.2319\/092112-754.1","article-title":"Satisfaction with orthodontic treatment","volume":"83","author":"Keles","year":"2013","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S088954062030456X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S088954062030456X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:08:00Z","timestamp":1760173680000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S088954062030456X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S088954062030456X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-5406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-5406","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Long-term occlusal changes and patient satisfaction in patients treated with and without extractions: 37\u00a0years after treatment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2020.07.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 by the American Association of Orthodontists. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}