{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T09:25:44Z","timestamp":1792833944332,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajodo.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T08:14:54Z","timestamp":1645604094000},"page":"33-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["The effects of aligner overtreatment on torque control and intrusion of incisors for anterior retraction with clear aligners: A finite-element study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"162","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4572-3515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0956-6281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qinxuan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0369-0265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianyun","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0707-0928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6020-6559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hu","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0233-2327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenli","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2016.06.041","article-title":"Evaluation of Invisalign treatment effectiveness and efficiency compared with conventional fixed appliances using the Peer Assessment Rating index","volume":"151","author":"Gu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjaa037","article-title":"Comparison of pain perception, anxiety, and impacts on oral health-related quality of life between patients receiving clear aligners and fixed appliances during the initial stage of orthodontic treatment","volume":"43","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13175","article-title":"The dynamics of the oral microbiome and oral health among patients receiving clear aligner orthodontic treatment","volume":"26","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2016.09.022","article-title":"Management of overbite with the Invisalign appliance","volume":"151","author":"Khosravi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.2319\/122115-875.1","article-title":"The predictability of transverse changes with Invisalign","volume":"87","author":"Houle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib6","first-page":"346","article-title":"Upper-incisor root control with Invisalign appliances","volume":"47","author":"Castroflorio","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.2319\/061614-436.1","article-title":"Efficacy of clear aligners in controlling orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review","volume":"85","author":"Rossini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-01300-6","article-title":"An objective system for appraising clear aligner treatment difficulty: clear aligner treatment complexity assessment tool (CAT-CAT)","volume":"20","author":"Long","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib9","first-page":"201","article-title":"Torque and intrusion control of the upper incisors with a modified posted archwire","volume":"49","author":"Peretta","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-018-0255-8","article-title":"A finite element analysis of the effects of archwire size on orthodontic tooth movement in extraction space closure with miniscrew sliding mechanics","volume":"20","author":"Kawamura","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.2319\/090418-646.1","article-title":"Comparison of achieved and predicted tooth movement of maxillary first molars and central incisors: first premolar extraction treatment with Invisalign","volume":"89","author":"Dai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10156","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-67273-2","article-title":"Clear aligners for maxillary anterior en masse retraction: a 3D finite element study","volume":"10","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.2319\/020719-86.1","article-title":"Clear aligner orthodontic therapy of rotated mandibular round-shaped teeth: a finite element study","volume":"90","author":"Cortona","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.09.020","article-title":"Three-dimensional modeling and finite element analysis in treatment planning for orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"139","author":"Ammar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2018.08.025","article-title":"Finite element analysis of the effect of power arm locations on tooth movement in extraction space closure with miniscrew anchorage in customized lingual orthodontic treatment","volume":"156","author":"Feng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2839","DOI":"10.1002\/cnm.2839","article-title":"Computational design and engineering of polymeric orthodontic aligners","volume":"33","author":"Barone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjq164","article-title":"Numerical simulations of canine retraction with T-loop springs based on the updated moment-to-force ratio","volume":"34","author":"Kojima","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.2319\/050714-330.1","article-title":"Initial force systems during bodily tooth movement with plastic aligners and composite attachments: a three-dimensional finite element analysis","volume":"85","author":"Gomez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.03.039","article-title":"Torque control of the maxillary incisors in lingual and labial orthodontics: a 3-dimensional finite element analysis","volume":"135","author":"Liang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib20","first-page":"8276","article-title":"The effectiveness of the Invisalign appliance in extraction cases using the the ABO model grading system: a multicenter randomized controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.06.025","article-title":"Activation time and material stiffness of sequential removable orthodontic appliances. Part 3: premolar extraction patients","volume":"133","author":"Baldwin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sodo.2016.10.001","article-title":"Design of the Invisalign system performance","volume":"23","author":"Morton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib23","first-page":"459","article-title":"Treatment of severe anterior crowding with the Invisalign G6 first-premolar extraction solution","volume":"53","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.2319\/061311-390.1","article-title":"Apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment. A prospective study using cone beam CT","volume":"82","author":"Lund","year":"2012","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12337","article-title":"Root resorption in orthodontic treatment with clear aligners: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Fang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-019-0301-1","article-title":"Prevalence and severity of apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment with clear aligners and fixed appliances: a cone beam computed tomography study","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.5152\/TurkJOrthod.2016.16021","article-title":"Root resorption in orthodontics","volume":"29","author":"Dindaro\u011flu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Turk J Orthod"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889540622000531?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889540622000531?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:12:08Z","timestamp":1760173928000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0889540622000531"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0889540622000531"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-5406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-5406","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The effects of aligner overtreatment on torque control and intrusion of incisors for anterior retraction with clear aligners: A finite-element study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.02.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 by the American Association of Orthodontists. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}