{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T03:42:24Z","timestamp":1782186144081,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009235","name":"Australian Society of Orthodontists Foundation for Research and Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009235","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001774","name":"University of Sydney","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001774","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajodo.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T08:06:50Z","timestamp":1648541210000},"page":"238-246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Physical properties of root cementum: Part 28. Effects of high and low water fluoridation on orthodontic root resorption: A microcomputed tomography study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"162","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3249-7176","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chelsea","family":"Mann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6787-3952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lam L.","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Canan","family":"\u00c7olak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selma T.","family":"Elekdag-Turk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamer","family":"Turk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8906-8153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Ali","family":"Darendeliler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib1","first-page":"175","article-title":"Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption. Part I: the basic science aspects","volume":"72","author":"Brezniak","year":"2002","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2001.113409","article-title":"Predicting and preventing root resorption: part I. Diagnostic factors","volume":"119","author":"Sameshima","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Einige Beitrage zur Theorie der Zahnregulierung","volume":"6","author":"Sandstedt","year":"1904","journal-title":"Nordisk Tand Tidsk"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/15.4.249","article-title":"The initial phase of orthodontic root resorption incident to local compression of the periodontal ligament","volume":"15","author":"Brudvik","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2018.10.015","article-title":"Orthodontic mechanotherapies and their influence on external root resorption: a systematic review","volume":"155","author":"Currell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/15.6.467","article-title":"Non-clast cells start orthodontic root resorption in the periphery of hyalinized zones","volume":"15","author":"Brudvik","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/16.4.249","article-title":"Root resorption beneath the main hyalinized zone","volume":"16","author":"Brudvik","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/16.4.265","article-title":"Multi-nucleated cells remove the main hyalinized tissue and start resorption of adjacent root surfaces","volume":"16","author":"Brudvik","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/18.1.11","article-title":"The hyaline zone and associated root surface changes in experimental orthodontics in rats: a light and scanning electron microscope study","volume":"18","author":"Hellsing","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1951.0045","article-title":"The pattern of resorption and repair of human cementum","volume":"42","author":"Henry","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.03.010","article-title":"Physical properties of root cementum: part 12. The incidence of physiologic root resorption on unerupted third molars and its comparison with orthodontically treated premolars: a microcomputed-tomography study","volume":"136","author":"Deane","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(96)70160-9","article-title":"Prevalence and severity of apical root resorption and alveolar bone loss in orthodontically treated adults","volume":"109","author":"Lupi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/10.1.30","article-title":"Evaluation of the risk of root resorption during orthodontic treatment: a study of upper incisors","volume":"10","author":"Levander","year":"1988","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.03.036","article-title":"In-vitro comparison of 2 cone-beam computed tomography systems and panoramic imaging for detecting simulated canine impaction-induced external root resorption in maxillary lateral incisors","volume":"136","author":"Alqerban","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2018.03.011","article-title":"Accuracy of digital periapical radiography and cone-beam cokmputed tomography for diagnosis of natural and simulated external root resorption","volume":"44","author":"Deliga Schr\u00f6der","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(97)70189-6","article-title":"A heritable component for external apical root resorption in patients treated orthodontically","volume":"111","author":"Harris","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(96)80015-1","article-title":"Time-related root resorption after application of a controlled continuous orthodontic force","volume":"110","author":"Kurol","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(99)70187-3","article-title":"External apical root resorption of posterior teeth in asthmatics after orthodontic treatment","volume":"116","author":"McNab","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2008.04.024","article-title":"Severe root resorption in orthodontic patients treated with the edgewise method: prevalence and predictive factors","volume":"137","author":"Marques","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.2319\/032112-240.1","article-title":"Apical root resorption due to orthodontic treatment detected by cone beam computed tomography","volume":"83","author":"Castro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1590\/S2176-94512013000400015","article-title":"Long-term evaluation of apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment using periapical radiography and cone beam computed tomography","volume":"18","author":"de Freitas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dental Press J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.1985.tb00427.x","article-title":"External root resorption: its implication in dental traumatology, paedodontics, periodontics, orthodontics and endodontics","volume":"18","author":"Andreasen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034510384626","article-title":"Fluoride\u2019s effects on the formation of teeth and bones, and the influence of genetics","volume":"90","author":"Everett","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(01)00219-6","article-title":"Changing the structurally effective mineral content of bone with in\u00a0vitro fluoride treatment","volume":"35","author":"DePaula","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1080\/03008200390200229","article-title":"Altered expression of matrix metalloproteinases within mineralizing bone cells in\u00a0vitro in the presence of fluoride","volume":"44","author":"Waddington","year":"2003","journal-title":"Connect Tissue Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6623079","article-title":"Fluoride directly stimulates proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity of bone-forming cells","volume":"222","author":"Farley","year":"1983","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(91)90015-B","article-title":"The effect of sodium fluoride on trabecular architecture","volume":"12","author":"Aaron","year":"1991","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.2307\/4582632","article-title":"Endemic fluorosis and its relation to dental caries","volume":"53","author":"Dean","year":"1938","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1972.43.2.115","article-title":"Chemistry of human dental cementum: the effect of age and fluoride exposure on the concentration of ash, fluoride, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium","volume":"43","author":"Nakata","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.12.028","article-title":"Physical properties of root cementum: part 15. Analysis of elemental composition by using proton-induced x-ray and gamma-ray emissions in orthodontically induced root resorption craters of rat molar cementum after exposure to systemic fluoride","volume":"139","author":"Lim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.05.029","article-title":"Effects of fluoride intake on orthodontic tooth movement and orthodontically induced root resorption","volume":"139","author":"Gonzales","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.02.030","article-title":"Physical properties of root cementum: part 9. Effect of systemic fluoride intake on root resorption in rats","volume":"131","author":"Foo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2011.05.017","article-title":"Physical properties of root cementum: part 20. Effect of fluoride on orthodontically induced root resorption with light and heavy orthodontic forces for 4 weeks: a microcomputed tomography study","volume":"140","author":"Karadeniz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.2319\/072512-606.1","article-title":"Effect of fluoride on root resorption following heavy and light orthodontic force application for 4 weeks and 12 weeks of retention","volume":"83","author":"Karadeniz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035980","article-title":"Age-related adaptation of bone-PDL-tooth complex: Rattus-Norvegicus as a model system","volume":"7","author":"Leong","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s002230010033","article-title":"Combined effects of diets with reduced calcium and phosphate and increased fluoride intake on vertebral bone strength and histology in rats","volume":"69","author":"Turner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib37","article-title":"Water fluoridation for the prevention of dental caries","volume":"6","author":"Iheozor-Ejiofor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2018.08.021","article-title":"Sodium fluoride causes oxidative stress and apoptosis in cementoblasts","volume":"294","author":"Ni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem Biol Interact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00001936","article-title":"Root resorptions in upper first premolars after application of continuous torque moment. Intra-individual study","volume":"62","author":"Casa","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.12.001","article-title":"Physical properties of root cementum: part 6. A comparative quantitative analysis of the mineral composition of human premolar cementum after the application of orthodontic forces","volume":"129","author":"Rex","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib41","series-title":"Periodontium Ten Cate\u2019s oral histology: development, structure, and function","first-page":"239","author":"Nanci","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib42","series-title":"Tissue reactions in orthodontics. Orthodontics: current principles and techniques","first-page":"247","author":"Thilander","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/5.3.173","article-title":"Apical root resorption in upper anterior teeth","volume":"5","author":"Linge","year":"1983","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.5624\/isd.2012.42.3.147","article-title":"External apical root resorption in maxillary incisors in orthodontic patients: associated factors and radiographic evaluation","volume":"42","author":"Nanekrungsan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Imaging Sci Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023_bib45","series-title":"Contemporary orthodontics","author":"Proffit","year":"2018"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889540622001342?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889540622001342?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:13:25Z","timestamp":1760174005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0889540622001342"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0889540622001342"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-5406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-5406","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Physical properties of root cementum: Part 28. Effects of high and low water fluoridation on orthodontic root resorption: A microcomputed tomography study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.03.023","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}