{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T04:32:24Z","timestamp":1793248344226,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018597","name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China Cultivation Fund of the Key Scientific and Technical Innovation Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Y202249619"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y202249619"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018597","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008867","name":"Department of Education of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008867","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajodo.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:14:04Z","timestamp":1786493644000},"page":"696-706","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A comparative study of mandibular changes induced by rapid maxillary expansion vs sagittal-guided Twin-block therapy during the mixed dentition period"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Ruifang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingcheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiying","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib1","first-page":"631","article-title":"JCO interviews: Dr. Jim McNamara on early orthodontic and orthopedic treatment, part 2","volume":"48","author":"McNamara","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib2","first-page":"789","article-title":"Timely and appropriately performing early orthodontic treatment","volume":"57","author":"Bai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin J Stomatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib3","first-page":"535","article-title":"JCO interviews: Dr. Jim McNamara on early orthodontic and orthopedic treatment, part 1","volume":"48","author":"McNamara","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.09.014","article-title":"The timing of early treatment: an overview","volume":"129","author":"Proffit","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12393","article-title":"Dental and skeletal effects of palatal expansion techniques: a systematic review of the current evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"43","author":"Bucci","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.2319\/082108-441.1","article-title":"Rapid palatal expansion effects on nasal airway dimensions as measured by acoustic rhinometry. A systematic review","volume":"79","author":"Gordon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib7","first-page":"463","article-title":"Volumetric upper airway changes after rapid maxillary expansion: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"Buck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12766","article-title":"Effects of maxillary expansion on the upper airways: evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"46","author":"Bucci","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Oral Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2020.110128","article-title":"Safeness, subjective and objective changes after turbinate surgery in pediatric patients: a systematic review","volume":"135","author":"Calvo-Henriquez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2005.05.004","article-title":"Acoustic rhinometric measurements in children undergoing rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"70","author":"Ceroni Compadretti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.04.009","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and orthodontics: an American Association of Orthodontists White Paper","volume":"156","author":"Behrents","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2002.124167","article-title":"Early intervention in the transverse dimension: is it worth the effort?","volume":"121","author":"McNamara","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12071688","article-title":"Changes in the mandible following rapid maxillary expansion in children with Class II malocclusion: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Kotarska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2008.12.026","article-title":"Improving Class II malocclusion as a side-effect of rapid maxillary expansion: a prospective clinical study","volume":"138","author":"Guest","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.2319\/050410-241.1","article-title":"Sagittal and vertical effects of rapid maxillary expansion in Class I, II, and III occlusions","volume":"81","author":"Farronato","year":"2011","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib16","first-page":"513","article-title":"SGTB orthopedic regime to correct protrusive skeletal anomalies: a developmental path through evolution, renovation and innovation","volume":"24","author":"Shen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2015.07.046","article-title":"Severe Class II Division 1 malocclusion in an adolescent patient, treated with a novel sagittal-guidance Twin-block appliance","volume":"150","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib18","article-title":"Analogue simulation of pharyngeal airflow response to Twin Block treatment in growing patients with Class II(1) and mandibular retrognathia","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2021.09.021","article-title":"Twin-block and mandibular anterior repositioning appliances effects in Class II malocclusion correction","volume":"163","author":"Bastiani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib20","first-page":"273","article-title":"Changes of the upper airway in children with Class II mandibular retrusion and snoring during night before and after functional treatment by sagittal-guidance Twin-block appliance","volume":"30","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib21","first-page":"81","article-title":"Study on the changes of soft and hard tissue before and after early treatment of Class II skeletal malocclusion with Twin-block appliance","volume":"30","author":"Niu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1080\/08869634.2018.1475940","article-title":"Effects of rapid palatal expansion (RPE) and twin block mandibular advancement device (MAD) on pharyngeal structures in Class II pediatric patients from Cluj-Napoca, Romania","volume":"38","author":"R\u0103descu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cranio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.2319\/080220-676.1","article-title":"Predicting the mandibular growth spurt","volume":"91","author":"Franchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(85)90233-7","article-title":"Skeletal and dental changes following functional regulator therapy on Class II patients","volume":"88","author":"McNamara","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2000.105571","article-title":"Treatment timing for Twin-block therapy","volume":"118","author":"Baccetti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.17219\/dmp\/138636","article-title":"Influence of dentofacial characteristics on the appearance of self-reported bullying: a review","volume":"59","author":"Morales-Salazar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dent Med Probl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib27","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment for prominent upper front teeth (Class II malocclusion) in children and adolescents","volume":"3","author":"Batista","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12481","article-title":"The association of overjet size and traumatic dental injuries\u2014a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Arraj","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dent Traumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12707","article-title":"The association of inadequate lip coverage and malocclusion with dental trauma in Brazilian children and adolescents\u2014a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"Vieira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dent Traumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(92)70123-R","article-title":"Mixed-dentition treatment","volume":"101","author":"Dugoni","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjr027","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of dental maturity for identification of skeletal maturation phase","volume":"34","author":"Perinetti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2008.05.017","article-title":"Rapid palatal expansion for spontaneous Class II correction","volume":"137","author":"Volk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.07.029","article-title":"Muscular and condylar response to rapid maxillary expansion. Part 2: magnetic resonance imaging study of the temporomandibular joint","volume":"133","author":"Arat","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8484","DOI":"10.3390\/s21248484","article-title":"Sagittal and vertical growth of the maxillo-mandibular complex in untreated children: a longitudinal study on lateral cephalograms derived from cone beam computed tomography","volume":"21","author":"Yi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/25.1.87","article-title":"The effects of activator treatment on the craniofacial structures of Class II division 1 patients","volume":"25","author":"Basciftci","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib36","first-page":"463","article-title":"Meta-analysis of condylar changes produced by a Twin-block appliance in Class II malocclusion","volume":"41","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib37","first-page":"519","article-title":"Treatment effects of magnetic Twin-block appliance for Class II cases","volume":"42","author":"Wu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.11.010","article-title":"Mandibular changes produced by functional appliances in Class II malocclusion: a systematic review","volume":"129","author":"Cozza","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-01344-8","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of rapid maxillary expansion versus Twin Block appliance on mandibular growth in skeletal Class II patients","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889540626003495?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0889540626003495?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T03:58:41Z","timestamp":1793246321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0889540626003495"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0889540626003495"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-5406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-5406","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A comparative study of mandibular changes induced by rapid maxillary expansion vs sagittal-guided Twin-block therapy during the mixed dentition period","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2026.06.018","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Association of Orthodontists.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}