{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T17:54:17Z","timestamp":1792173257842,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]],"date-time":"2010-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1285891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]],"date-time":"2010-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1285891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajog.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,22]],"date-time":"2010-08-22T04:28:51Z","timestamp":1282451331000},"page":"305-315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":318,"title":["Twins: prevalence, problems, and preterm births"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"203","author":[{"given":"Suneet P.","family":"Chauhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James A.","family":"Scardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfred Z.","family":"Abuhamad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Berghella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib1","series-title":"21st Century babies: the gift of life, and its price","author":"Saul","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Births: final data for 2006","volume":"57","author":"Martin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib3","first-page":"209","article-title":"Trends of twinning rates in ten countries, 1972-1996","volume":"46","author":"Imaizumi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Genet Med Gemellol (Roma)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1375\/twin.10.4.626","article-title":"Temporal trends in the rates of multiple maternities in England and Wales","volume":"10","author":"Eriksson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Twin Res Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib5","first-page":"1","article-title":"World collaborative report on assisted reproductive technology, 2002","volume":"1","author":"De Mouzon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.06.039","article-title":"Antenatal sonographic prediction of twin chorionicity","volume":"195","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.124280","article-title":"Placental types and twin-twin transfusion syndrome","volume":"187","author":"Bermudez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318195bd57","article-title":"Perinatal outcome of monoamniotic twin pregnancies","volume":"113","author":"Hack","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70321-2","article-title":"Selective termination for structural, chromosomal, and Mendelian anomalies: international experience","volume":"181","author":"Evans","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.108074","article-title":"Improvement in outcomes of multifetal pregnancy reduction with increased experience","volume":"184","author":"Evans","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.06.037","article-title":"First-trimester risk assessment for trisomies 21 and 18 in twin pregnancy","volume":"197","author":"Chasen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1996.tb09550.x","article-title":"Screening for trisomy 21 in twin pregnancies by maternal age and fetal nuchal translucency thickness at 10-14 weeks of gestation","volume":"103","author":"Sebire","year":"1996","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-200011000-00013","article-title":"Outcome of twin gestations after first trimester chorionic villus sampling","volume":"96","author":"De Catte","year":"2000","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1970111005","article-title":"First trimester genetic diagnosis in multiple pregnancy: principles and potential pitfalls","volume":"11","author":"Brambati","year":"1991","journal-title":"Prenat Diagn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.1970120507","article-title":"The risk and efficacy of chorionic villus sampling in multiple gestations","volume":"12","author":"Pergament","year":"1992","journal-title":"Prenat Diagn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib16","first-page":"49","article-title":"Prenatal diagnosis in twin gestations: a comparison between second-trimester amniocentesis and first-trimester chorionic villus sampling","volume":"82","author":"Wapner","year":"1993","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.05.020","article-title":"Chorionic villus sampling and the risk of adverse outcome in patient undergoing multifetal pregnancy reduction","volume":"199","author":"Ferrara","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.32745","article-title":"Increased prevalence of cardiovascular defects among 56,709 California twin pairs","volume":"149A","author":"Hardin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2007.26.11.1491","article-title":"Prevalence of congenital heart defects in monochorionic\/diamniotic twin gestations: a systematic literature review","volume":"26","author":"Bahtiyar","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1995.06010043.x","article-title":"Predictive value of antepartum ultrasound examination for anomalies in twin gestation","volume":"6","author":"Edwards","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.3918","article-title":"Detection of chromosomal abnormalities, congenital abnormalities and transfusion syndrome in twins","volume":"29","author":"Sperling","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(91)90469-8","article-title":"Ultrasonographic diagnosis of congenital anomalies in twins","volume":"165","author":"Allen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31818b1fba","article-title":"ACOG practice bulletin: ultrasonography in pregnancy","volume":"112","author":"Abuhamad","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib24","first-page":"239","article-title":"Congenital heart defects in twin gestations","volume":"61","author":"Campbell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Minerva Ginecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib25","series-title":"A practical guide to fetal echocardiography: normal and abnormal hearts","first-page":"1","article-title":"Congenital heart disease: incidence, risk factors, and prevention","author":"Abuhamad","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1095180","article-title":"Perinatal outcomes of normal cotwins in twin pregnancies with one structurally anomalous fetus: a population based retrospective study","volume":"26","author":"Sun","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib27","first-page":"1037","article-title":"Calculated risk of chromosomal abnormalities in twin gestations","volume":"76","author":"Rodis","year":"1990","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib28","first-page":"231","article-title":"Risk of fetal loss in twin pregnancies undergoing second trimester amniocentesis","volume":"98","author":"Yukobowich","year":"2001","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1159\/000075138","article-title":"Genetic amniocentesis in multiple pregnancy","volume":"19","author":"T\u00f3th-P\u00e1l","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fetal Diagn Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)32171-5","article-title":"Mid-trimester genetic amniocentesis in twin pregnancy and the risk of fetal loss","volume":"28","author":"Millaire","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1159\/000098722","article-title":"Amniocentesis for twin pregnancies: is alpha-fetoprotein useful in confirming that the two sacs were sampled?","volume":"22","author":"Delisle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Fetal Diagn Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.09.872","article-title":"Pregnancy loss rate after mid-trimester amniocentesis in twin pregnancies","volume":"200","author":"Cahill","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.03.080","article-title":"Second trimester amniocentesis in assisted conception versus spontaneously conceived twins","volume":"91","author":"Daskalakis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000278820.54029.e3","article-title":"Procedure-related complications of amniocentesis and chorionic villous sampling: a systematic review","volume":"110","author":"Mujezinovic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(00)01544-2","article-title":"Genetic amniocentesis in multifetal pregnancies reduced to twins compared with nonreduced twin gestations","volume":"74","author":"Antsaklis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.06.088","article-title":"Trends in twin preterm birth subtypes in the United States, 1989 to 2000: impact of perinatal mortality","volume":"193","author":"Ananth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000158124.96300.c7","article-title":"Trends in preterm birth and perinatal mortality among singletons: United States, 1989 through 2000","volume":"105","author":"Ananth","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib38","first-page":"313","article-title":"Prediction of spontaneous preterm birth in asymptomatic twin pregnancies with the use of combined fetal fibronectin and cervical length","volume":"201","author":"Fox","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-958167","article-title":"Routine cervical length in twins and perinatal outcomes","volume":"24","author":"Gyamfi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000261896.20175.3a","article-title":"Accuracy of fetal fibronectin to predict preterm birth in twin gestations with symptoms of labor","volume":"109","author":"Singer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.951","article-title":"Sonographic measurement of cervical length in twin pregnancies in threatened preterm labor","volume":"23","author":"Fuchs","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.07.017","article-title":"Does knowledge of cervical length and fetal fibronectin affect management of women with threatened preterm labor?","volume":"197","author":"Ness","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib43","series-title":"Management of preterm labor","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004733.pub2","article-title":"Prophylactic oral betamimetics for reducing preterm birth in woman with a twin pregnancy","volume":"20","author":"Yamasmit","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2379","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa035140","article-title":"Prevention of preterm delivery by 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate","volume":"348","author":"Meis","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31817d0262","article-title":"Progesterone for the prevention of preterm birth a systematic review","volume":"112","author":"Dodd","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1159\/000299484","article-title":"Elective cervical suture of twin pregnancies diagnosed ultrasonically in the first trimester following induced ovulation","volume":"13","author":"Dor","year":"1982","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000168435.17200.53","article-title":"Cerclage for short cervix on ultrasound meta-analysis of trials using individual patient-level data","volume":"106","author":"Berghella","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000110","article-title":"Hospitalization and bed rest for multiple pregnancy","volume":"1","author":"Crowther","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)90639-8","article-title":"A meta-analysis of home uterine activity monitoring","volume":"173","author":"Colton","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004352.pub2","article-title":"Betamimetics for inhibiting preterm labour","volume":"4","author":"Anotayanonth","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-110-9-714","article-title":"Pulmonary edema associated with tocolytic therapy","volume":"110","author":"Pisani","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib53","series-title":"Multiple gestation: complicated twin, triplet, and higher-order multifetal pregnancy","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004454.pub2","article-title":"Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth","volume":"3","author":"Roberts","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib55","series-title":"Report of the Consensus Development Conference on the effect of corticosteroids for fetal maturation on perinatal outcomes","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.123891","article-title":"Cohort study of the neonatal outcome of twin pregnancies that were treated with prophylactic or rescue antenatal corticosteroids","volume":"187","author":"Murphy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.01.021","article-title":"Impact of a \u201crescue course\u201d of antenatal corticosteroids: a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"200","author":"Garite","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib58","first-page":"571","article-title":"Twin pregnancy: not only a medical event","volume":"59","author":"Baretta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Minerva Ginecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-0528.2003.00014.x","article-title":"The impact of multiple preterm birth on the family","volume":"20","author":"Bryan","year":"2003","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1177\/107155760000700601","article-title":"Medical and economic effects of twin gestations","volume":"7","author":"Kinzler","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Soc Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031_bib61","first-page":"279","article-title":"Detecting fetal growth restriction or discordant growth in twin gestation stratified by placental chorionicity","volume":"49","author":"Chauhan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Repro Med"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002937810004850?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002937810004850?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T10:37:01Z","timestamp":1757587021000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002937810004850"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002937810004850"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9378","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Twins: prevalence, problems, and preterm births","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.04.031","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2010 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}