{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T19:12:10Z","timestamp":1774465930678,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,1]],"date-time":"2015-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,1]],"date-time":"2015-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,1]],"date-time":"2015-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422748800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,1]],"date-time":"2015-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422748800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,1]],"date-time":"2015-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422748800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,1]],"date-time":"2015-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422748800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,1]],"date-time":"2015-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422748800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008910","name":"National Vulvodynia Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008910","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajog.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,25]],"date-time":"2014-07-25T01:45:37Z","timestamp":1406252737000},"page":"184.e1-184.e4","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Decreased concentration of protease inhibitors: possible contributors to allodynia and hyperalgesia in women with vestibulodynia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"212","author":[{"given":"Aswathi","family":"Jayaram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Faith","family":"Esbrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Dulaveris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theofano","family":"Orfanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1959-2910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan","family":"Sobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Ledger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven S.","family":"Witkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.125889","article-title":"Differential characterization of women with vulvar vestibulitis syndrome","volume":"187","author":"Witkin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(96)00447-4","article-title":"Elevated tissue levels of interleukin-1\u03b2 and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 in vulvar vestibulitis","volume":"89","author":"Foster","year":"1997","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.12.038","article-title":"Enhanced synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines by vulvar vestibular fibroblasts: implications for vulvar vestibulitis","volume":"196","author":"Foster","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-2115(96)02502-X","article-title":"Vulvar vestibulitis subjects undergoing surgical intervention: a descriptive analysis and histopathological correlates","volume":"68","author":"Chaim","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1159\/000079663","article-title":"Hyperinnervation and mast cell activation may be used as histopathologic diagnostic criteria for vulvar vestibulitis","volume":"58","author":"Bornstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib6","first-page":"572","article-title":"Vestibular nerve cell proliferation in vulvar vestibulitis syndrome","volume":"91","author":"Westrom","year":"1998","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1038\/89945","article-title":"Proteinase-activated receptor-2 and hyperalgesia: a novel pain pathway","volume":"7","author":"Vergnolle","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.02.010","article-title":"Serine proteases and protease-activated receptor 2-dependent allodynia: a novel cancer pain pathway","volume":"149","author":"Lam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/6.2.191","article-title":"Presence of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor in human endometrium and first trimester decidua suggests an antibacterial protective role","volume":"6","author":"King","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719113503416","article-title":"Human epididymis protein 4 and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor in vaginal fluid: relation to vaginal components and bacterial composition","volume":"21","author":"Orfanelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2859","DOI":"10.1021\/pr0701658","article-title":"Proteomic analysis of human cervico-vaginal fluid","volume":"6","author":"Shaw","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Proteome Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.2008.069","article-title":"A\u00a0potential role for tissue kallikrein-related peptidases in human cervico-vaginal physiology","volume":"389","author":"Shaw","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01634-5","article-title":"Protease-activated receptors in inflammation, neuronal signaling and pain","volume":"22","author":"Vergnolle","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(00)70212-2","article-title":"Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphism in women with vulvar vestibulitis","volume":"182","author":"Jeremias","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.03.073","article-title":"Altered distribution of mannose-binding lectin alleles at exon 1 codon 54 in women with vulvar vestibulitis syndrome","volume":"191","author":"Babula","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib16","first-page":"503","article-title":"Impact of genetic variation in interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and melanocortin-1 receptor genes on vulvar vestibulitis syndrome","volume":"49","author":"Foster","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib17","first-page":"59","article-title":"A\u00a0manganese superoxide dismutase gene polymorphism and development of vulvar vestibulitis syndrome","volume":"22","author":"Lev-Sagie","year":"2010","journal-title":"It J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e318159f976","article-title":"Overlap between orofacial pain and vulvar vestibulitis syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Zolnoun","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.108173","article-title":"\u201cPrimary\u201d versus \u201csecondary\u201d vulvar vestibulitis: one disease, two variants","volume":"184","author":"Bornstein","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gyencol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2003.09.060","article-title":"Primary and secondary vulvar vestibulitis syndrome: systematic pain perception and psychophysical characteristics","volume":"191","author":"Granot","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2019.09.033","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000}}],"container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002937814007297?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002937814007297?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T17:54:00Z","timestamp":1774461240000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002937814007297"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002937814007297"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9378","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Decreased concentration of protease inhibitors: possible contributors to allodynia and hyperalgesia in women with vestibulodynia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.029","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}