{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T12:37:12Z","timestamp":1784637432038,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":128,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajog.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,30]],"date-time":"2014-10-30T05:43:58Z","timestamp":1414647838000},"page":"505.e1-505.e13","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Antenatal exposure to indomethacin increases the risk of severe intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, and periventricular leukomalacia: a systematic review with metaanalysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"212","author":[{"given":"Amy L.","family":"Hammers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Sanchez-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew M.","family":"Kaunitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.09.008","article-title":"A\u00a0framework for strategic investments in\u00a0research to reduce the global burden of preterm birth","volume":"207","author":"Gravett","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.08.062554","article-title":"The worldwide incidence of preterm birth: a systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity","volume":"88","author":"Beck","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Births: preliminary data for 2013","volume":"63","author":"Hamilton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2162","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60820-4","article-title":"National, regional and worldwide estimates of preterm birth rates in the year 2010 with time trends since 1990 for selected countries: a systematic analysis and implications","volume":"379","author":"Blencowe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0860","article-title":"The contribution of preterm birth to infant mortality rates in the United States","volume":"118","author":"Callaghan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib6","first-page":"e1","article-title":"The short term prediction of preterm birth: a systematic review and diagnostic metaanalysis","volume":"54","author":"Boots","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2012-0272","article-title":"A\u00a0blueprint for the prevention of preterm birth vaginal progesterone in women with a short cervix","volume":"41","author":"Romero","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sterile intra-amniotic inflammation in asymptomatic patients with a sonographic short cervix: prevalence and clinical significance","volume":"15","author":"Romero","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.07.047","article-title":"Prediction of preterm birth in twin gestations using biophysical and biochemical tests","author":"Conde-Agudelo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.7673","article-title":"Clinical significance of early (<20 weeks) vs late (20-24 weeks) detection of sonographic short cervix in asymptomatic women in the mid-trimester","volume":"36","author":"Vaisbuch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.12.003","article-title":"Vaginal progesterone in women with an asymptomatic sonographic short cervix in the midtrimester decreases preterm delivery and neonatal morbidity: a systematic review and metaanalysis of individual patient data","volume":"206","author":"Romero","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.9017","article-title":"Vaginal progesterone reduces the rate of preterm birth in women with a sonographic short cervix: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial","volume":"38","author":"Hassan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.10.877","article-title":"Vaginal progesterone vs cervical cerclage for the prevention of preterm birth in women with\u00a0a sonographic short cervix, pervious preterm birth, and singleton gestation: a systematic review and indirect comparison metaanalysis","volume":"208","author":"Conde-Agudelo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib14","first-page":"CD004352","article-title":"Betamimetics for inhibiting preterm labour","volume":"2","author":"Anotayanonth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.95834","article-title":"An oxytocin receptor antagonist (atosiban) in the treatment of preterm labor: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with tocolytic rescue","volume":"182","author":"Romero","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra050435","article-title":"Prevention of preterm delivery","volume":"357","author":"Simhan","year":"2007","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)80008-1","article-title":"Oral terbutaline after parenteral tocolysis: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"175","author":"Lewis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70274-6","article-title":"Management options in women with preterm uterine contractions: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"177","author":"Guinn","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2008.01.001","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective randomized trial of acute tocolysis in term labour with atosiban or ritodrine","volume":"139","author":"De Heus","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1317","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of ritodrine hydrochloride for the treatment of preterm labour: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Yaju","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib21","first-page":"CD003927","article-title":"Oral betamimetics for maintenance therapy after threatened preterm labour","volume":"12","author":"Dodd","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70261-8","article-title":"Successful magnesium sulfate tocolysis: is \u201cweaning\u201d the drug necessary?","volume":"177","author":"Lewis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.107334","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective, randomized, controlled trial of high and low maintenance doses of magnesium sulfate for acute tocolysis","volume":"182","author":"Terrone","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.02.030","article-title":"Tocolysis in women with preterm labor between 32 0\/7 and 34 6\/7 weeks of gestation: a randomized controlled pilot study","volume":"194","author":"How","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib25","first-page":"CD001060","article-title":"Magnesium sulphate for preventing preterm birth in threatened preterm labour","volume":"4","author":"Crowther","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.105816","article-title":"Maintenance treatment of preterm labor with the oxytocin antagonist atosiban: the Atosiban PTL-098 Study Group","volume":"182","author":"Valenzuela","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.104950","article-title":"Double-blind, randomized, controlled trial of atosiban and ritodrine in the treatment of preterm labor: a multicenter effectiveness and safety study","volume":"182","author":"Moutquin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib28","first-page":"CD004452","article-title":"Oxytocin receptor antagonists for inhibiting preterm labour: a multicenter effectiveness and safety study","volume":"3","author":"Papatsonia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.01.015","article-title":"The effect of barusiban, a selective oxytocin antagonist, in threatened preterm labor at late gestational age: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"200","author":"Thornton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.11.038","article-title":"Nifedipline in the management of preterm labor: a systematic review and metaanalysis","volume":"204","author":"Conde-Agudelo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90035-H","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of nifedipine versus magnesium sulfate in the management of preterm labor: a randomized study","volume":"169","author":"Glock","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70308-X","article-title":"Maintenance oral nifedipine for preterm labor: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"161","author":"Carr","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70388-1","article-title":"Oral nicardipine versus intravenous magnesium sulfate for the treatment of preterm labor","volume":"181","author":"Larmon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.105047","article-title":"Nifedipine as a safe and effective tocolytic agent in the treatment of preterm labor","volume":"183","author":"Paptsonis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90138-9","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of indomethacin compared with magnesium randomized study","volume":"169","author":"Morales","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90055-N","article-title":"Randomized trial of oral indomethacin and terbutaline sulfate for the long-term suppression of preterm labor","volume":"169","author":"Bivins","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70275-8","article-title":"Is there justification for using indomethacin in preterm labor? An analysis of neonatal risks and benefits","volume":"177","author":"Macones","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.125281","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective randomized safety trial of celecoxib for treatment of preterm labor","volume":"187","author":"Stika","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.255","article-title":"A\u00a0double-blind, randomized study of fetal side effects during and after the short-term maternal administration of indomethacin, sulindac, and nimesulide for the treatment of preterm labor","volume":"188","author":"Sawdy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib40","first-page":"CD007748","article-title":"Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors for preventing preterm labour","volume":"10","author":"Khanprakob","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib41","article-title":"Antenatal exposure to sulindac and risk of necrotizing enterocolitis","author":"Kamath-Rayne","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7200303","article-title":"Nitroglycerin for rapid tocolysis: development of a protocol and a literature review","volume":"20","author":"O\u2019Grady","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib43","first-page":"CD002860","article-title":"Nitric oxide donors for the treatment of preterm labour","volume":"3","author":"Duckitt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)30403-0","article-title":"Nitroglycerin as a uterine relaxant: a systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Morgan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.07.018","article-title":"Secondary analysis of the use of transdermal nitroglycerin for preterm labor","volume":"203","author":"Smith","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.07.022","article-title":"Transdermal nitroglycerin for the treatment of preterm labor: a systematic review and metaanalysis","volume":"209","author":"Conde-Agudelo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e6226","article-title":"Tocolytic therapy for preterm delivery: a systematic review and network metaanalysis","volume":"345","author":"Haas","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318199924a","article-title":"Tocolytic therapy: a metaanalysis and decision analysis","volume":"113","author":"Haas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib49","first-page":"687","article-title":"Review on prostaglandin and oxytocin activity in preterm labor","volume":"25","author":"Ivanisevic","year":"2001","journal-title":"Coll Antropol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.2741\/2151","article-title":"Role of the prostaglandins in labour and prostaglandin receptor inhibitors in the prevention of preterm labour","volume":"12","author":"Olson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Front Biosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1981.tb00997.x","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of plasma prostaglandin levels in term and preterm labour","volume":"88","author":"Sellers","year":"1981","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1993.tb12832.x","article-title":"In\u00a0vitro characterization of prostanoid receptors on human myometrium at term pregnancy","volume":"108","author":"Senior","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib53","series-title":"Preterm birth-causes, prevention, and management","first-page":"309","article-title":"Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors in the treatment of preterm birth","author":"Gamissans","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib54","first-page":"787","article-title":"Inhibition of human premature labor by indomethacin","volume":"44","author":"Zuckerman","year":"1974","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31825af2f0","article-title":"Management of preterm labor. ACOG Practice bulletin no. 127","volume":"119","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(90)90427-9","article-title":"Placental transfer of indomethacin in the human pregnancy","volume":"162","author":"Moise","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(85)90008-0","article-title":"Fetal and neonatal effects of indomethacin used as a tocolytic agent","volume":"151","author":"Dudley","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000168622.56478.df","article-title":"Assessing the neonatal safety of indomethacin tocolysis: a systematic review with metaanalysis","volume":"106","author":"Loe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.04.019","article-title":"Metaanalysis of the effect of antenatal indomethacin on neonatal outcomes","volume":"197","author":"Amin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1284227","article-title":"Indomethacin in pregnancy: applications and safety","volume":"29","author":"Abou-Ghannam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9926(199710)56:4<282::AID-TERA7>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Teratogen update: fetal effects of indomethacin administration during pregnancy","volume":"56","author":"Norton","year":"1997","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-011-0365-5","article-title":"Indomethacin tocolysis and neurodevelopmental outcome","volume":"78","author":"Soraisham","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e54","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-0265","article-title":"The risk of necrotizing enterocolitis after indomethacin tocolysis","volume":"128","author":"Sood","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2010.59","article-title":"Prenatal or postnatal indomethacin exposure and neonatal gut injury associated with isolated intestinal perforation and necrotizing enterocolitis","volume":"30","author":"Sharma","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F419","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2012-302532","article-title":"Tocolytic indomethacin: effects on neonatal haemodynamics and cerebral autoregulation in the preterm newborn","volume":"98","author":"Baerts","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7211612","article-title":"The effects of indomethacin tocolysis on the postnatal response of the ductus arteriosus to indomethacin in extremely low birth weight infants","volume":"27","author":"Cordero","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.12.037","article-title":"Neurodevelopment outcome of premature infants after exposure to antenatal indomethacin","volume":"199","author":"Amin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2008","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.15.2008","article-title":"Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting: meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology (MOOSE) group","volume":"283","author":"Stroup","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib69","unstructured":"Wells GA, Shea B, O\u2019Connell D, Peterson J, Welch V, Losos M, Tugwell P. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; c2005 [updated 2014]. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. Available at: http:\/\/www.ohri.ca\/programs\/clinical_epidemiology\/oxford.asp. Accessed March 10, 2014."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib70","first-page":"719","article-title":"Statistical aspects of\u00a0the analysis of data from retrospective studies\u00a0of disease","volume":"22","author":"Mantel","year":"1959","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical trials","volume":"7","author":"Dersimonian","year":"1986","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.315.7109.629","article-title":"Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple graphical test","volume":"315","author":"Egger","year":"1997","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib73","article-title":"Statistical methods in cancer research: vol 1, the analysis of case control studies","volume":"32","author":"Breslow","year":"1980","journal-title":"IARD Sci Pub"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-107-2-224","article-title":"Meta-analysis in clinical research","volume":"107","author":"L\u2019Abbe","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7168.1309","article-title":"Confidence intervals for the number needed to treat","volume":"317","author":"Altman","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199311253292202","article-title":"Neonatal complications after the administration of indomethacin for preterm labor","volume":"329","author":"Norton","year":"1993","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.1998.tb02949.x","article-title":"Antenatal indomethacin: adverse fetal effects confirmed","volume":"38","author":"Souter","year":"1998","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib78","first-page":"903","article-title":"Preterm delivery after indomethacin: a risk factor for complications?","volume":"41","author":"Gardner","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70085-2","article-title":"Recent indomethacin tocolysis is not associated with complications in preterm infants","volume":"181","author":"Vermillion","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(97)00220-0","article-title":"The addition of indomethacin to betamimetics for tocolysis: any benefit to the neonate?","volume":"77","author":"Van Overmeire","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310050040","article-title":"Perinatal indomethacin treatment and neonatal complications in preterm infants","volume":"159","author":"Ojala","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F13","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.85.1.F13","article-title":"Effect of maternal tocolysis on the incidence of severe periventricular\/intraventricular haemorrhage in very low birth weight infants","volume":"85","author":"Weintraub","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-999450","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of long-term tocolysis with indomethacin","volume":"7","author":"Gerson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1067\/S0002-9378(03)00662-8","article-title":"Neonatal outcome after exposure to indomethacin in utero: a retrospective case cohort study","volume":"189","author":"Abbasi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(86)80012-6","article-title":"Neonatal outcome after indomethacin treatment for preterm labor","volume":"155","author":"Niebyl","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)80050-0","article-title":"Effect of dual tocolysis on the incidence of severe intraventricular hemorrhage among extremely low-birth-weight infants","volume":"175","author":"Iannucci","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib87","first-page":"921","article-title":"Indomethacin tocolysis and intraventricular hemorrhage","volume":"97","author":"Suarez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(13)70288-6","article-title":"Tocolysis with indomethacin increases the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis in the low-birth weight neonate","volume":"170","author":"Major","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.5.e56","article-title":"Indomethacin tocolysis increases postnatal patent ductus arteriosus severity","volume":"102","author":"Hammerman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1515\/jpme.1996.24.4.405","article-title":"Neurodevelopment outcome of infants exposed to indomethacin antenatally","volume":"24","author":"Al-Alaiyan","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib91","first-page":"120","article-title":"Indomethacin tocolysis and risk of necrotizing enterocolitis","volume":"96","author":"Parilla","year":"2000","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1990.tb08104.x","article-title":"Cerebral lesions in preterm infants after tocolytic indomethacin","volume":"32","author":"Baerts","year":"1990","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)91255-X","article-title":"Adverse neonatal outcomes following antenatal indomethacin use","volume":"172","author":"Pietrantoni","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1080\/14767050500199160","article-title":"Indomethacin tocolysis and white matter injury in preterm infants","volume":"18","author":"Friedman","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2004.02.011","article-title":"Possible antenatal and perinatal related factors in development of cystic periventricular leukomalacia","volume":"27","author":"Murata","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7211256","article-title":"Outcome of very low birth weight infants exposed to antenatal indomethacin for tocolysis","volume":"25","author":"Doyle","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7210892","article-title":"Necrotizing enterocolitis among neonates in the United States","volume":"23","author":"Guthrie","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)34496-6","article-title":"Antenatal indomethacin tocolysis is associated with an increased need for surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants","volume":"32","author":"Soraisham","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt1979266746","article-title":"Gestational age and indomethacin elimination in the neonate","author":"Evans","year":"1979","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib100","first-page":"69","article-title":"The effect of anti-inflammatory drugs on the aggregation and adhesiveness of platelets, red cells and leukocytes","volume":"52","author":"Kovacs","year":"1972","journal-title":"Acta Univ Carol Med Monogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.51.9.651","article-title":"Origin of intraventricular haemorrhage in the preterm infant","volume":"51","author":"Hambleton","year":"1976","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib102","first-page":"1122","article-title":"Intraventricular hemorrhage in extremely small premature infants","volume":"140","author":"Perlman","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib103","first-page":"966","article-title":"A\u00a0statistical study of autopsied cases of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage","volume":"114","author":"Nakamura","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1981.25","article-title":"Effect of indomethacin on local cerebral blood flow in awake, minimally restrained rats","volume":"1","author":"Dahlgren","year":"1980","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199508000-00018","article-title":"Effect of indomethacin on cerebral blood flow and oxygenation in the normal and ventilated fetal lamb","volume":"38","author":"Van Bel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)93030-S","article-title":"Effects of indomethacin on cerebral hemodynamics in very preterm infants","volume":"335","author":"Edwards","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib107","first-page":"857","article-title":"Beagle puppy model of intraventricular hemorrhage: effect of indomethacin on cerebral blood flow","volume":"58","author":"Ment","year":"1983","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib108","first-page":"217","article-title":"The effect of indomethacin on breathing movements and cerebral blood flow and metabolism in the fetal sheep","volume":"7","author":"Hohimer","year":"1985","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dev Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(86)80398-5","article-title":"Indomethacin, patent ductus arteriosus, and cerebral blood flow","volume":"109","author":"Cowan","year":"1986","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1987.tb08823.x","article-title":"The effect of indomethacin on cerebral blood-flow velocity in premature infants","volume":"29","author":"Evans","year":"1987","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1978.tb02446.x","article-title":"Indomethacin disposition and indomethacin-induced platelet dysfunction in premature infants","volume":"18","author":"Friedman","year":"1978","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F464","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.88.6.F464","article-title":"Prophylactic indomethacin for preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"88","author":"Fowlie","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib113","first-page":"CD006071","article-title":"Continuous infusion versus intermittent bolus\u00a0doses of indomethacin for patient ductus arteriosus closure in symptomatic preterm infants","volume":"1","author":"Gork","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(85)80305-X","article-title":"Localized intestinal perforations after enteral administration of indomethacin in premature infants","volume":"106","author":"Alpan","year":"1985","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib115","first-page":"220","article-title":"Oligohydramnios and transient neonatal anuria: a possible association with the maternal use of prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors","volume":"24","author":"Cantor","year":"1980","journal-title":"J\u00a0Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199106010-00010","article-title":"Patient ductus arteriosus, indomethacin, and intestinal distension: effects on intestinal blood flow and oxygen consumption","volume":"29","author":"Meyers","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(92)90369-I","article-title":"Indomethacin administration after temporary ischemia causes bowel necrosis in mice","volume":"27","author":"Krasna","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.65.10_Spec_No.1067","article-title":"Gut blood flow velocities in the newborn: effects of patent ductus arteriosus and parenteral indomethacin","volume":"65","author":"Coombs","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib119","first-page":"965","article-title":"Effect of indomethacin on\u00a0superior mesenteric artery blood flow velocity in preterm infants","author":"Van Bel","year":"1990","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(89)90344-6","article-title":"Mechanisms of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastric damage","volume":"86","author":"Schoen","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-6980(77)90178-2","article-title":"Resistance of germfree rats to indomethacin-induced intestinal lesions","volume":"14","author":"Robert","year":"1977","journal-title":"Prostaglandins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib122","first-page":"331","article-title":"Effect of indomethacin on IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNFalpha production by mononuclear cells of preterm newborns\u00a0and adults","volume":"89","author":"Sirota","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1994.tb13234.x","article-title":"Platelet-activating factor, tumor necrosis factor, hypoxia and necrotizing enterocolitis","volume":"396","author":"Hsueh","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.01.026","article-title":"Antenatal indomethacin is more likely associated with\u00a0spontaneous intestinal perforation rather than NEC","volume":"198","author":"Gordon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1789.2002.00438.x","article-title":"Periventricular leukomalacia, inflammation and white matter lesions within the developing nervous system","volume":"22","author":"Rezaie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuropathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1159\/000047096","article-title":"Inflammatory mediators and neonatal brain damage","volume":"79","author":"Saliba","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol Neonate"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.1995.0047","article-title":"Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs differentially regulate cytokine production in human lymphocytes: up-regulation of TNF, IFN\u03b3 and IL-2, in contrast to down-regulation of IL-6 production","volume":"7","author":"Izumi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22473","article-title":"Opposite effect of inflammation on subventricular zone versus hippocampal precursors in brain injury","volume":"70","author":"Covey","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002937814021462?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002937814021462?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T11:01:39Z","timestamp":1757588499000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002937814021462"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"references-count":128,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002937814021462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9378","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Antenatal exposure to indomethacin increases the risk of severe intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, and periventricular leukomalacia: a systematic review with metaanalysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.10.1091","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}