{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T13:56:45Z","timestamp":1767880605601,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]],"date-time":"2015-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430438400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,1]],"date-time":"2015-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430438400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajog.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,9]],"date-time":"2015-01-09T02:33:28Z","timestamp":1420770808000},"page":"580-585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["The potential perinatal origin of placentation disorders in the young primigravida"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"212","author":[{"given":"Ivo","family":"Brosens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Benagiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan J.","family":"Brosens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.16.4.445","article-title":"Observations on the endometrium and ovary in the newborn","volume":"16","author":"Ober","year":"1955","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib2","first-page":"819","volume":"21","author":"Levy","year":"1964","journal-title":"Arch Fr Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00669993","article-title":"Funktionelle Ver\u00e4nderungen am fetalen und kindlichen Endometrium [Functional changes in the fetal and infantile endometrium]","volume":"211","author":"Huber","year":"1971","journal-title":"Arch Gyn\u00e4kol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib4","first-page":"644","article-title":"Frequenz und starke der uterinen neugeborenenblutung [Incidence and intensity of uterine bleeding in the neonate]","volume":"34","author":"Kaiser","year":"1974","journal-title":"Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib5","first-page":"1017","article-title":"H\u00e4ufigkeit der physiologischen vaginalen neugeborenenblutung [Frequency of physiological vaginal hemorrhage in the newborn]","volume":"98","author":"Huber","year":"1976","journal-title":"Zentralbl Gyn\u00e4kol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib6","first-page":"89","article-title":"Uterino krvavljenje u novorodene dece. [Uterine hemorrhage in newborn infants]","volume":"25","author":"Beri\u0107","year":"1985","journal-title":"Jugosl Ginekol Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.04.046","article-title":"Is neonatal uterine bleeding involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis as a source of stem cells?","volume":"100","author":"Brosens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2893","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det359","article-title":"Neonatal uterine bleeding as antecedent of pelvic endometriosis","volume":"28","author":"Brosens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gau025","article-title":"Potential role of endometrial stem\/progenitor cells in the pathogenesis of early-onset endometriosis","volume":"20","author":"Gargett","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.03.009","article-title":"Endometriosis: a life cycle approach?","volume":"209","author":"Brosens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700930218","article-title":"The physiological response of the vessels of the placental bed to normal pregnancy","volume":"93","author":"Brosens","year":"1967","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pathol Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.08.009","article-title":"The \u201cgreat obstetrical syndromes\u201d are associated with disorders of deep placentation","volume":"204","author":"Brosens","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.01.016","article-title":"Maternal plasma concentrations of angiogenic\/antiangiogenic factors in the third trimester of pregnancy to identify the patient at risk for stillbirth at or near term and severe late preeclampsia","volume":"208","author":"Chaiworapongsa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.127720","article-title":"Failure of physiologic transformation of the spiral arteries in the placental bed in preterm premature rupture of membranes","volume":"187","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1067\/S0002-9378(03)00838-X","article-title":"Failure of physiologic transformation of the spiral arteries in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes","volume":"189","author":"Kim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.01.022","article-title":"Doppler assessment of the fetus with intrauterine growth restriction","volume":"206","author":"Berkley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.10.866","article-title":"The preterm birth syndrome: a prototype phenotypic classification","volume":"206","author":"Villar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.10.015","article-title":"Comparison of placental pathology in preterm, late-preterm, near-term, and term births","volume":"210","author":"Stanek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02108313","article-title":"A\u00a0study of impression moulds of the genital tract of female fetuses","volume":"229","author":"Terruhn","year":"1980","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib20","first-page":"62","article-title":"The developmental anatomy of the cervix uteri","volume":"15","author":"Fluhmann","year":"1960","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1515\/jpme.1989.17.4.313","article-title":"Ultrasonic evaluation of the normal uterus in the neonate","volume":"17","author":"Hata","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-35-6-799","article-title":"Sources of plasma 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone in human pregnancy","volume":"35","author":"Tulchinsky","year":"1972","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(72)90185-8","article-title":"Plasma estrone, estradiol, estriol, progesterone, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone in human pregnancy. I. Normal pregnancy","volume":"112","author":"Tulchinsky","year":"1972","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(73)90057-4","article-title":"Plasma human chorionic gonadotropin, estrone, estradiol, estriol, progesterone, and 17\u03b1 hydroxyprogesterone in human pregnancy. III. Early normal pregnancy","volume":"117","author":"Tulchinsky","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(75)90001-0","article-title":"Hormones in human pregnancy. IV. Plasma progesterone","volume":"121","author":"Tulchinsky","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.931807","article-title":"Is maternal progesterone actually independent of the fetal steroids?","volume":"59","author":"Hill","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physiol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib27","first-page":"693","article-title":"Pregnanediol excretion by newly born infants","volume":"115","author":"Ferris","year":"1968","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(34)90960-1","article-title":"Polycystic ovaries in the newborn and early infancy and their relation to the structure of the endometrium","volume":"27","author":"Spivack","year":"1934","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00667806","article-title":"Funktionelle morphologie des fetalen und infantilen endometrialen stroma [Functional morphology of fetal and infantile endometrial stroma]","volume":"210","author":"Hiersche","year":"1971","journal-title":"Arch Gyn\u00e4kol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711030103","article-title":"The development of the ovary and uterus in the foetus,\u00a0newborn and infant: a morphological and enzyme\u00a0histochemical study","volume":"103","author":"Pryse-Davies","year":"1971","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2014-1045","article-title":"Cyclic decidualization of the human endometrium in reproductive health and failure","volume":"35","author":"Gellersen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S1472-6483(10)60578-0","article-title":"NK cells and pre-eclampsia","volume":"16","author":"Goldman-Wohl","year":"2008","journal-title":"Reprod BioMed Online"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deg223","article-title":"Immunocompetent cells in the endometrium of fetuses and children","volume":"8","author":"Kammerer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib34","first-page":"958","article-title":"Ontogeny of the estrogen receptor in the human fetal uterus","volume":"80","author":"Glatstein","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e85894","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0085894","article-title":"Bisphenol A exposure alters developmental gene expression in the fetal rhesus macaque uterus","volume":"9","author":"Calhoun","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2006-0828","article-title":"Contribution of bone marrow-derived stem cells to endometrium and endometriosis","volume":"25","author":"Du","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.1.81","article-title":"Endometrial cells derived from donor stem cells in bone marrow transplant recipients","volume":"292","author":"Taylor","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e30260","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030260","article-title":"Bone marrow-derived cells from male donors do not contribute to the endometrial side population of the recipient","volume":"7","author":"Cervell\u00f3","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.113.107987","article-title":"Experimental evidence for bone marrow as a source of nonhematopoietic endometrial stromal and epithelial compartment cells in a murine model","volume":"89","author":"Morelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2013-1977","article-title":"Endometriosis impairs bone marrow-derived stem cell recruitment to the uterus whereas bazedoxifene treatment leads to endometriosis regression and improved uterine stem cell engraftment","volume":"155","author":"Sakr","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2011.10.035","article-title":"Mechanisms of endometrial progesterone resistance","volume":"358","author":"Al-Sabbagh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.11.037","article-title":"A\u00a0role for menstruation in preconditioning the uterus for successful pregnancy","volume":"200","author":"Brosens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199504273321701","article-title":"Association of young maternal age with adverse reproductive outcomes","volume":"332","author":"Fraser","year":"1995","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2014.102","article-title":"Pre-eclampsia part 1: current understanding of its pathophysiology","volume":"10","author":"Chaiworapongsa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dep474","article-title":"The enigmatic uterine junctional zone: the missing link between reproductive disorders and major obstetrical disorders?","volume":"25","author":"Brosens","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2903","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dem265","article-title":"Co-expression of two perivascular cell markers isolates mesenchymal stem-like cells from human endometrium","volume":"22","author":"Schwab","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.111.095885","article-title":"Perivascular human endometrial mesenchymal stem cells express pathways relevant to self-renewal, lineage specification, and functional phenotype","volume":"86","author":"Spitzer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e82582","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082582","article-title":"Deficiency in clonogenic endometrial mesenchymal stem cells in obese women with reproductive failure\u2014a pilot study","volume":"8","author":"Murakami","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4542","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1370","article-title":"Decidualization induces a secretome switch in perivascular niche cells of the human endometrium","volume":"155","author":"Murakami","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyl284","article-title":"Teenage pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: a large population based retrospective cohort study","volume":"36","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.11.013","article-title":"In utero exposures and endometriosis: The Endometriosis, Natural History, Disease, Outcome (ENDO) Study","volume":"99","author":"Wolff","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e34001","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034001","article-title":"Women born preterm or with inappropriate weight for gestational age are at risk of subsequent gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia","volume":"7","author":"\u00e0 Rogvi","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(98)00250-4","article-title":"Revisiting the epidemiological standard of preeclampsia: primi-gravidity or primi-paternity?","volume":"84","author":"Robillard","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2010.12.010","article-title":"The etiology of preeclampsia: the role of the father","volume":"89","author":"Dekker","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2013.07.006","article-title":"Cumulative exposure to paternal seminal fluid prior to conception and subsequent risk of preeclampsia","volume":"101-102","author":"Saftlas","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.127305","article-title":"The myometrial junctional zone spiral arteries in normal and abnormal pregnancies: a review of the literature","volume":"187","author":"Brosens","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002937815000149?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002937815000149?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T11:01:46Z","timestamp":1757588506000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002937815000149"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002937815000149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9378","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The potential perinatal origin of placentation disorders in the young primigravida","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}