{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:58:38Z","timestamp":1791910718315,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003176","name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CP13\/00038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CP13\/00038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003176","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003329","name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FPU15\/01923"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FPU15\/01923"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003359","name":"Generalitat Valenciana","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajog.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,23]],"date-time":"2018-02-23T00:07:09Z","timestamp":1519344429000},"page":"602.e1-602.e16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":300,"title":["The diagnosis of chronic endometritis in infertile asymptomatic women: a comparative study of histology, microbial cultures, hysteroscopy, and molecular microbiology"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"218","author":[{"given":"Inmaculada","family":"Moreno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ettore","family":"Cicinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iolanda","family":"Garcia-Grau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Gonzalez-Monfort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Bau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Vilella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"De Ziegler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Resta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Valbuena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11234","article-title":"Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome","volume":"486","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.03.074","article-title":"Chronic endometritis: correlation among hysteroscopic, histologic, and bacteriologic findings in a prospective trial with 2190 consecutive office hysteroscopies","volume":"89","author":"Cicinelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1159\/000223819","article-title":"Poor reliability of vaginal and endocervical cultures for evaluating microbiology of endometrial cavity in women with chronic endometritis","volume":"68","author":"Cicinelli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib4","first-page":"176","article-title":"Chronic endometritis: morphologic and clinical observations","volume":"58","author":"Greenwood","year":"1981","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib5","first-page":"566","article-title":"Epidemiology and pathology of chronic endometritis","volume":"48","author":"Farooki","year":"1967","journal-title":"Int Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-198809000-00006","article-title":"Infection and preterm labor","volume":"31","author":"Romero","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib7","first-page":"549","article-title":"Hysteroscopy and sperm infection","volume":"24","author":"Taylor","year":"1996","journal-title":"Contracept Fertil Sex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.106180","article-title":"Intrauterine infection and preterm delivery: evidence for activation of the fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis","volume":"182","author":"Gravett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S1297-9589(03)00007-9","article-title":"Systematic hysteroscopy prior to in\u00a0vitro fertilization","volume":"31","author":"F\u00e9ghali","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Fertil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.11.050","article-title":"Preconceptional antibiotic treatment to prevent preterm birth in women with a previous preterm delivery","volume":"194","author":"Espinoza","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.11.004","article-title":"The association of chronic endometritis with preterm birth","volume":"196","author":"Knudtson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12438","article-title":"Chronic endometritis: potential cause of infertility and obstetric and neonatal complications","volume":"75","author":"Kitaya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1159\/000072075","article-title":"Detection of chronic endometritis by diagnostic hysteroscopy in asymptomatic infertile patients","volume":"55","author":"Polisseni","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2003.05.003","article-title":"Uterine cavity findings and hysteroscopic interventions in patients undergoing in\u00a0vitro fertilization-embryo transfer who repeatedly cannot conceive","volume":"80","author":"Oliveira","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2005.07.394","article-title":"Detection of chronic endometritis at fluid hysteroscopy","volume":"12","author":"Cicinelli","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2009.00698.x","article-title":"Abnormal pattern of lymphocyte subpopulations in the endometrium of infertile women with chronic endometritis","volume":"61","author":"Matteo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.12.131","article-title":"Chronic endometritis is a frequent finding in women with recurrent implantation failure after in\u00a0vitro fertilization","volume":"93","author":"Johnston-MacAnanny","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.09.039","article-title":"The impact of chronic endometritis on reproductive outcome","volume":"96","author":"Kasius","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/der341","article-title":"The reliability of the histological diagnosis of endometritis in asymptomatic IVF cases: a multicenter observer study","volume":"27","author":"Kasius","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719113508817","article-title":"Chronic endometritis due to common bacteria is prevalent in women with recurrent miscarriage as confirmed by improved pregnancy outcome after antibiotic treatment","volume":"21","author":"Cicinelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reprod Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu292","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic endometritis in repeated unexplained implantation failure and the IVF success rate after antibiotic therapy","volume":"30","author":"Cicinelli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822009000100001","article-title":"Principles and applications of polymerase chain reaction in medical diagnostic fields: a review","volume":"40","author":"Valones","year":"2009","journal-title":"Braz J Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(04)01044-8","article-title":"PCR-based diagnostics for infectious diseases: uses, limitations, and future applications in acute-care settings","volume":"4","author":"Yang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.19.1.165-256.2006","article-title":"Real-time PCR in clinical microbiology: applications for routine laboratory testing","volume":"19","author":"Espy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2011.04099.x","article-title":"Histology of micro polyps in chronic endometritis","volume":"60","author":"Resta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349.2010.498496","article-title":"Correspondence between hysteroscopic and histologic findings in women with chronic endometritis","volume":"89","author":"Cicinelli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2002.tb00634.x","article-title":"Detection of bacterial vaginosis-related organisms by real-time PCR for lactobacilli, Gardnerella vaginalis and Mycoplasma hominis","volume":"34","author":"Zariffard","year":"2002","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-015-0614-z","article-title":"Endometrial microbiome at the time of embryo transfer: next-generation sequencing of the 16S ribosomal subunit","volume":"33","author":"Franasiak","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7459.209","article-title":"Ruling a diagnosis in or out with \u201cSpPIn\u201d and \u201cSnNOut\u201d: a note of caution","volume":"329","author":"Pewsner","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4680","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1002611107","article-title":"Vaginal microbiome of reproductive-age women","volume":"108","author":"Ravel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.09.075","article-title":"Evidence that the endometrial microbiota has an effect on implantation success or failure","volume":"215","author":"Moreno","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib32","first-page":"1","article-title":"Recommendations for the laboratory-based detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"63","year":"2014","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.09.061","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic endometritis in recurrent miscarriages","volume":"95","author":"Kitaya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2012.824","article-title":"Inter-observer and intra-observer variability in immunohistochemical detection of endometrial stromal plasmacytes in chronic endometritis","volume":"5","author":"Kitaya","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.06.044","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes in women with chronic endometritis and recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"104","author":"McQueen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.121625","article-title":"Effectiveness of inpatient and outpatient treatment strategies for women with pelvic inflammatory disease: results from the pelvic inflammatory disease evaluation and clinical health (PEACH) randomized trial","volume":"186","author":"Ness","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(96)90288-9","article-title":"Analysis of chronic endometritis for Chlamydia trachomatis by polymerase chain reaction","volume":"27","author":"Stern","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01560082","article-title":"The relation between serum sex steroid levels and plasma cell infiltrates in endometritis","volume":"244","author":"Punnonen","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/168742","article-title":"Rapid PCR detection of Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Ureaplasma parvum","volume":"2013","author":"Cunningham","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e53997","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053997","article-title":"Presence of a polymicrobial endometrial biofilm in patients with bacterial vaginosis","volume":"8","author":"Swidsinski","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2008.031906","article-title":"Low prevalence of the new variant of Chlamydia trachomatis in Denmark","volume":"84","author":"Westh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.3856","article-title":"Identification of the most common pathogenic bacteria in patients with suspected sepsis by multiplex PCR","volume":"8","author":"Arabestani","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dev Ctries"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.1004.04035","article-title":"Quantitative detection of residual E coli host cell DNA by real-time PCR","volume":"20","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e48558","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048558","article-title":"Detection of bacterial 16S rRNA and identification of four clinically important bacteria by real-time PCR","volume":"7","author":"Clifford","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-480","article-title":"Vaginal microbiome in women from Greenland assessed by microscopy and quantitative PCR","volume":"13","author":"Datcu","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2006.060024","article-title":"A\u00a0fast real-time polymerase chain reaction method for sensitive and specific detection of the Neisseria gonorrhoeae porA pseudogene","volume":"8","author":"Hjelmevoll","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Mol Diagn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3686","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.8.3686-3695.2004","article-title":"Use of tuf sequences for genus-specific PCR detection and phylogenetic analysis of 28 streptococcal species","volume":"42","author":"Picard","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000293781830156X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000293781830156X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T10:33:47Z","timestamp":1762079627000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S000293781830156X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S000293781830156X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9378","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The diagnosis of chronic endometritis in infertile asymptomatic women: a comparative study of histology, microbial cultures, hysteroscopy, and molecular microbiology","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.02.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}