{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T14:31:05Z","timestamp":1793370665262,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":136,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014349","name":"Society For Maternal-Fetal Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajog.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]],"date-time":"2022-09-06T11:28:25Z","timestamp":1662463705000},"page":"B41-B60","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #64: Systemic lupus erythematosus in pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"228","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Silver","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Craigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flint","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah S.","family":"Osmundson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Kuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary E.","family":"Norton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2009.12.008","article-title":"The geoepidemiology of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"9","author":"Borchers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2008.10.007","article-title":"Understanding the epidemiology and progression of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"39","author":"Pons-Estel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21663","article-title":"Obstetric hospitalizations in the United States for women with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"54","author":"Chakravarty","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.03.012","article-title":"A\u00a0national study of the complications of lupus in pregnancy","volume":"199","author":"Clowse","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib5","first-page":"247","article-title":"Advances in mechanisms of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"17","author":"Dema","year":"2014","journal-title":"Discov Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)80249-6","article-title":"Anticardiolipin antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical and laboratory correlations","volume":"99","author":"Abu-Shakra","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780350310","article-title":"A\u00a0revised estimate of twin concordance in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"35","author":"Deapen","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2009.03.003","article-title":"Pathophysiology and clinical spectrum of infections in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"35","author":"Cuchacovich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000086","article-title":"Advances in lupus genetics and epigenetics","volume":"26","author":"Deng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203308090026","article-title":"Sex hormones and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"17","author":"Petri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Djekidel K, Silver B. Autoimmune disease in pregnancy. In: Van de Velde M, Scholefield H, Plante LA, eds. Maternal critical care: a multidisciplinary approach. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 2013:391\u2013402.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139088084.036"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40930","article-title":"2019 European League against Rheumatism\/American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"71","author":"Aringer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2677","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34473","article-title":"Derivation and validation of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"64","author":"Petri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10558","article-title":"American College of Rheumatology Ad Hoc Committee on Immunologic Testing Guidelines. Guidelines for immunologic laboratory testing in the rheumatic diseases: anti-DNA antibody tests","volume":"47","author":"Kavanaugh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10561","article-title":"American College of Rheumatology Ad Hoc Committee on Immunologic Testing Guidelines. Evidence-based guidelines for the use of immunologic tests: antinuclear antibody testing","volume":"47","author":"Solomon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.033894","article-title":"Maternal and fetal factors associated with mortality and morbidity in a multi-racial\/ethnic registry of anti-SSA\/Ro-associated cardiac neonatal lupus","volume":"124","author":"Izmirly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2006.01753.x","article-title":"International Consensus Statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)","volume":"4","author":"Miyakis","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-013-2180-z","article-title":"New-onset systemic lupus erythematosus during pregnancy","volume":"32","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41191","article-title":"2020 American College of Rheumatology guideline for the management of reproductive health in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases","volume":"72","author":"Sammaritano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1097\/OGX.0b013e318239e1ee","article-title":"Lupus and pregnancy","volume":"66","author":"Baer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Surv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.02.063","article-title":"Factors that predict prematurity and preeclampsia in pregnancies that are complicated by systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"192","author":"Chakravarty","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780341210","article-title":"Frequency of lupus flare in pregnancy. The Hopkins Lupus Pregnancy Center experience","volume":"34","author":"Petri","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20864","article-title":"The impact of increased lupus activity on obstetric outcomes","volume":"52","author":"Clowse","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2007.01.002","article-title":"Lupus activity in pregnancy","volume":"33","author":"Clowse","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-212535","article-title":"Effect of pregnancy on disease flares in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"77","author":"Eudy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfn348","article-title":"Pregnancy in women with pre-existing lupus nephritis: predictors of fetal and maternal outcome","volume":"24","author":"Imbasciati","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21664","article-title":"American College of Rheumatology guidelines for screening, treatment, and management of lupus nephritis","volume":"64","author":"Hahn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.11431116","article-title":"Kidney outcomes and risk factors for nephritis (flare\/de novo) in a multiethnic cohort of pregnant patients with lupus","volume":"12","author":"Buyon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2007.03.022","article-title":"Pregnancy in CKD stages 3 to 5: fetal and maternal outcomes","volume":"49","author":"Imbasciati","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2017.05.006","article-title":"Lupus nephritis and pregnancy: concerns and management","volume":"37","author":"Lightstone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12111","article-title":"Kidney biopsy in pregnancy: evidence for counselling? A systematic narrative review","volume":"120","author":"Piccoli","year":"2013","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203314551812","article-title":"Renal biopsy in the\u00a0management of lupus nephritis during pregnancy","volume":"24","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.114917","article-title":"Renal biopsy and pregnancy","volume":"184","author":"Kuller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1987.tb02266.x","article-title":"Renal biopsy: indications and complications in pregnancy","volume":"94","author":"Packham","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2005.041673","article-title":"Anaemia in systemic lupus erythematosus: from pathophysiology to clinical assessment","volume":"65","author":"Giannouli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.02.001","article-title":"Management of immune cytopenias in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus - old and new","volume":"12","author":"Newman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.31138\/mjr.28.1.20","article-title":"Lupus thrombocytopenia: pathogenesis and therapeutic implications","volume":"28","author":"Galanopoulos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mediterr J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-014-0440-9","article-title":"Vasculitis in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"16","author":"Barile-Fabris","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2013.07.008","article-title":"Cutaneous lupus erythematosus: diagnosis and treatment","volume":"27","author":"Okon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2008.02806.x","article-title":"Pathogenesis of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus","volume":"22","author":"Stavropoulos","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12158","article-title":"Does cutaneous lupus erythematosus have more favorable pregnancy outcomes than systemic disease? A two-center study","volume":"92","author":"Hamed","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2017.03.022","article-title":"Joint involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: From pathogenesis to clinical assessment","volume":"47","author":"Ceccarelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1191\/0961203305lu2200oa","article-title":"Cardiac involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"14","author":"Doria","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.55.2.159","article-title":"Pleuropulmonary manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"55","author":"Keane","year":"2000","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib45","article-title":"Cutaneous manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"2012","author":"Uva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Autoimmune Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)70277-7","article-title":"Placental pathology in systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective study","volume":"179","author":"Magid","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000194205.95870.86","article-title":"Early risk factors for pregnancy loss in lupus","volume":"107","author":"Clowse","year":"2006","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-009-8139-9","article-title":"Lupus and pregnancy--15 years of experience in a tertiary center","volume":"38","author":"Ambr\u00f3sio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib49","first-page":"268","article-title":"Adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with systemic lupus erythematosus from a multiethnic US\u00a0cohort: Lumina (LVI) [corrected]","volume":"26","author":"Andrade","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/41.6.643","article-title":"Clinical predictors of fetal and maternal outcome in systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective study of 103 pregnancies","volume":"41","author":"Cort\u00e9s-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib51","first-page":"161","article-title":"The risk of pregnancy in patients with lupus nephritis","volume":"16","author":"Moroni","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00240110","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review and meta-analysis of pregnancy outcomes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis","volume":"5","author":"Smyth","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e44","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002708","article-title":"ACOG Committee Opinion No. 743: low-dose aspirin use during pregnancy","volume":"132","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-1884","article-title":"Low-dose aspirin use for the prevention of morbidity and mortality from preeclampsia: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement","volume":"161","author":"LeFevre","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1080\/jmf.10.2.91.96","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes in women with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"10","author":"Yasmeen","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Matern Fetal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib56","first-page":"2127","article-title":"Preterm deliveries in women with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"30","author":"Clark","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-017-8653-0","article-title":"Neonatal systemic lupus erythematosus syndrome: a comprehensive review","volume":"53","author":"Vanoni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.088054","article-title":"Disease progression in mothers of children enrolled in the Research Registry for Neonatal lupus","volume":"68","author":"Rivera","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib59","first-page":"139","article-title":"Cardiac manifestations of neonatal lupus erythematosus: guidelines to management, integrating clues from the bench and bedside","volume":"5","author":"Buyon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200108)44:8<1832::AID-ART320>3.0.CO;2-C","article-title":"Risk of congenital complete heart block in newborns of mothers with anti-Ro\/SSA antibodies detected by counterimmunoelectrophoresis: a prospective study of 100 women","volume":"44","author":"Brucato","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(98)00161-2","article-title":"Autoimmune-associated congenital heart block: demographics, mortality, morbidity and recurrence rates obtained from a national neonatal lupus registry","volume":"31","author":"Buyon","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.089268","article-title":"Maternal use of hydroxychloroquine is associated with a reduced risk of recurrent anti-SSA\/Ro-antibody-associated cardiac manifestations of neonatal lupus","volume":"126","author":"Izmirly","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203311430512","article-title":"Discordant spectrum of cardiac manifestations of neonatal lupus in twins","volume":"21","author":"Killen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib64","article-title":"Neonatal lupus erythematosus","volume":"2012","author":"Hon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Autoimmune Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"v9","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key141","article-title":"The prevention, screening and treatment of congenital heart block from neonatal lupus: a survey of provider practices","volume":"57","author":"Clowse","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1080\/15513815.2020.1836097","article-title":"Clinical features, autoantibodies, and outcome of neonatal lupus erythematosus","volume":"41","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fetal Pediatr Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3640","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22159","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine in lupus pregnancy","volume":"54","author":"Clowse","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2013.04.005","article-title":"Pregnancy outcome following in utero exposure to hydroxychloroquine: a prospective comparative observational study","volume":"39","author":"Diav-Citrin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib69","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine use in lupus patients during pregnancy is associated with longer pregnancy duration in preterm births","volume":"2017","author":"Kroese","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203315591027","article-title":"Impact of hydroxychloroquine on preterm delivery and intrauterine growth restriction in pregnant women with systemic lupus erythematosus: a descriptive cohort study","volume":"24","author":"Leroux","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23248","article-title":"Corticosteroid use and risk of orofacial clefts","volume":"100","author":"Skuladottir","year":"2014","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1957","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs and reproduction","volume":"8","author":"\u00d8stensen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20583","article-title":"Early pregnancy azathioprine use and pregnancy outcomes","volume":"85","author":"Cleary","year":"2009","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2017.1352479","article-title":"Low dose cyclosporine A in the treatment of resistant proliferative lupus nephritis","volume":"28","author":"Sheikholeslami","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2015.09.006","article-title":"Tacrolimus use in lupus nephritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Hannah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib76","first-page":"905","article-title":"Safety of tacrolimus in pregnancy","volume":"60","author":"Nevers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S1726-4901(08)70119-9","article-title":"Potential role of intravenous immunoglobulin in the management of peripartum maternal thrombocytopenia due to various causes","volume":"71","author":"Cho","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Chin Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27358","article-title":"Birth outcomes in women who have taken leflunomide during pregnancy","volume":"62","author":"Chambers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib80","unstructured":"Leflunomide prescribing information 2011. Available at: https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2011\/020905s022lbl.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2017-212196","article-title":"Lack of placental transfer of certolizumab pegol during pregnancy: results from CRIB, a prospective, postmarketing, pharmacokinetic study","volume":"77","author":"Mariette","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib82","article-title":"Belimumab use during pregnancy: a summary of birth defects and pregnancy loss from belimumab clinical trials, a pregnancy registry and postmarketing reports","author":"Petri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib83","article-title":"Belimumab use during pregnancy: Interim results of the belimumab pregnancy registry","author":"Juliao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib84","unstructured":"Abatacept prescribing information. 2021. Available at: https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2021\/125118s240lbl.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-07-295444","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes after maternal exposure to rituximab","volume":"117","author":"Chakravarty","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib86","unstructured":"Belimumab prescribing information. 2017. Available at: https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2017\/761043lbl.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mok CC. Cyclophosphamide for the treatment of lupus nephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2016;31:1053-7.","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfw068"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G\u00f6testam Skorpen C, Hoeltzenbein M, Tincani A, et al. The EULAR points to consider for use of antirheumatic drugs before pregnancy, and during pregnancy and lactation. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016;75:795-810.","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208840"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2008.71","article-title":"Placental transport of immunoglobulins: a clinical review for gastroenterologists who prescribe therapeutic monoclonal antibodies to women during conception and pregnancy","volume":"104","author":"Kane","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2012.11.011","article-title":"Placental transfer of anti-tumor necrosis factor agents in pregnant patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"11","author":"Mahadevan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MIB.0000440984.86659.4f","article-title":"Impact of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha antibodies administered to pregnant women with inflammatory bowel disease on long-term outcome of exposed children","volume":"20","author":"Bortlik","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-020-01376-y","article-title":"Intrauterine exposure to biologics in inflammatory autoimmune diseases: a systematic review","volume":"80","author":"Ghalandari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.08.041","article-title":"Use of biologic therapy by pregnant women with inflammatory bowel disease does not affect infant response to vaccines","volume":"16","author":"Beaulieu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.5217\/ir.2018.00071","article-title":"Influence of Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha therapy to pregnant inflammatory bowel disease women and their children\u2019s immunity","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Intest Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000423816.39542.0f","article-title":"Committee on Practice Bulletins\u2014Obstetrics, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Practice Bulletin No. 132: antiphospholipid syndrome","volume":"120","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34402","article-title":"Prediction of adverse pregnancy outcome by the presence of lupus anticoagulant, but not anticardiolipin antibody, in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies","volume":"64","author":"Lockshin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2015-000131","article-title":"Lupus anticoagulant is the main predictor of adverse pregnancy outcomes in aPL-positive patients: validation of PROMISSE study results","volume":"3","author":"Yelnik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lupus Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203315578765","article-title":"Primary prophylaxis to prevent obstetric complications in asymptomatic women with antiphospholipid antibodies: a systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Amengual","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2019.09.001","article-title":"Autoimmune-mediated congenital heart block","volume":"64","author":"Wainwright","year":"2020","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-009-8190-6","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes in patients with autoimmune diseases and anti-Ro\/SSA antibodies","volume":"40","author":"Brucato","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2003.233","article-title":"Incidence and spectrum of neonatal lupus erythematosus: a prospective study of infants born to mothers with anti-Ro autoantibodies","volume":"142","author":"Cimaz","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.707661","article-title":"Utility of cardiac monitoring in fetuses at risk for congenital heart block: the PR Interval and Dexamethasone Evaluation (PRIDE) prospective study","volume":"117","author":"Friedman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13338","article-title":"Maternal steroid therapy for fetuses with second-degree immune-mediated congenital atrioventricular block: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"97","author":"Ciardulli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27308","article-title":"Evaluation of fetuses in a study of intravenous immunoglobulin as preventive therapy for congenital heart block: results of a multicenter, prospective, open-label clinical trial","volume":"62","author":"Friedman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.05.045","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine to prevent recurrent congenital heart block in fetuses of anti-SSA\/Ro-positive mothers","volume":"76","author":"Izmirly","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27350","article-title":"Failure of intravenous immunoglobulin to prevent congenital heart block: findings of a multicenter, prospective, observational study","volume":"62","author":"Pisoni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3394","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.12.3394","article-title":"Therapeutic trial of sympathomimetics in three cases of complete heart block in the fetus","volume":"92","author":"Groves","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2016.220","article-title":"Heart sounds at home: feasibility of an ambulatory fetal heart rhythm surveillance program for anti-SSA-positive pregnancies","volume":"37","author":"Cuneo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.07.076","article-title":"Home monitoring for fetal heart rhythm during anti-ro pregnancies","volume":"72","author":"Cuneo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.12.027","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of fetuses with autoimmune-associated congenital heart block followed in the PR Interval and Dexamethasone Evaluation (PRIDE) Study","volume":"103","author":"Friedman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.041970","article-title":"Isolated atrioventricular block in the fetus: a retrospective, multinational, multicenter study of 175 patients","volume":"124","author":"Eliasson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-208311","article-title":"Assessment of fluorinated steroids to avert progression and mortality in anti-SSA\/Ro-associated cardiac injury limited to the fetal conduction system","volume":"75","author":"Izmirly","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1924","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.3937","article-title":"Associations Between maternal antenatal corticosteroid treatment and mental and behavioral disorders in children","volume":"323","author":"R\u00e4ikk\u00f6nen","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3457","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-3201","article-title":"Antenatal glucocorticoid treatment: are we doing harm to term babies?","volume":"97","author":"Reynolds","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib115","series-title":"Neurodevelopmental disorders among term infants exposed to antenatal corticosteroids during pregnancy: a population-based study","author":"Melamed","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e220483","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.0483","article-title":"Evaluation of long-term outcomes associated with preterm exposure to antenatal corticosteroids: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"176","author":"Ninan","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e023000","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.023000","article-title":"Outcome of antibody-mediated fetal heart disease with standardized anti-inflammatory transplacental treatment","volume":"11","author":"Mawad","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9263","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2022.2025536","article-title":"NAFTNet retrospective report on the treatment of anti-Ro\/SSA mediated fetal heart block with dexamethasone","volume":"35","author":"Sunderji","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib119","first-page":"E5","article-title":"AIUM practice parameter for the performance of fetal echocardiography","volume":"39","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ultrasound Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209770","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for women\u2019s health and the management of family planning, assisted reproduction, pregnancy and menopause in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and\/or antiphospholipid syndrome","volume":"76","author":"Andreoli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01697-7","article-title":"Outcome of children with fetal, neonatal or childhood diagnosis of isolated congenital atrioventricular block. A single institution\u2019s experience of 30 years","volume":"39","author":"Jaeggi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib122","first-page":"489","article-title":"Congenital complete heart block and successful vaginal delivery","volume":"17","author":"Sherman","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e177","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000004407","article-title":"Indications for outpatient antenatal fetal surveillance: ACOG Committee Opinion, Number 828","volume":"137","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2008.03.012","article-title":"Laboratory classification categories and pregnancy outcome in patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome prescribed antithrombotic therapy","volume":"123","author":"Ruffatti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1097\/CRD.0000000000000026","article-title":"Prevention and treatment in utero of autoimmune-associated congenital heart block","volume":"22","author":"Saxena","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203315586455","article-title":"Specific systemic lupus erythematosus disease manifestations in the six months prior to conception are associated with similar disease manifestations during pregnancy","volume":"24","author":"Tedeschi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1191\/096120301678646137","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in lupus pregnancy: double-blind and placebo-controlled study","volume":"10","author":"Levy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-015-0702-6","article-title":"Measuring disease activity in adults with systemic lupus erythematosus: the challenges of administrative burden and responsiveness to patient concerns in clinical research","volume":"17","author":"Mikdashi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Curtis KM, Tepper NK, Jatlaoui TC, et al. U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2016. MMWR Recomm Rep 2016;65:1\u2013104.","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6503a1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.3.776","article-title":"Transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk","volume":"108","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23712","article-title":"Risk of unintended pregnancy among women with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"59","author":"Schwarz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20402","article-title":"Contraceptive counseling and use among women with systemic lupus erythematosus: a gap in health care quality?","volume":"63","author":"Yazdany","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2014.04.001","article-title":"Side effects unrelated to disease activity and acceptability of highly effective contraceptive methods in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: a randomized, clinical trial","volume":"90","author":"Cravioto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2539","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050817","article-title":"A\u00a0trial of contraceptive methods in women with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"353","author":"S\u00e1nchez-Guerrero","year":"2005","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2550","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051135","article-title":"Combined oral contraceptives in women with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"353","author":"Petri","year":"2005","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.07.012","article-title":"SMFM adopts GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) for clinical guidelines","volume":"209","author":"Chauhan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD","article-title":"GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations","volume":"336","author":"Guyatt","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002937822007220?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002937822007220?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T11:39:37Z","timestamp":1757590777000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002937822007220"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"references-count":136,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002937822007220"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9378","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #64: Systemic lupus erythematosus in pregnancy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.09.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}