{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T17:39:07Z","timestamp":1791653947734,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajog.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T02:37:47Z","timestamp":1750732667000},"page":"345-352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Obstetrical anal sphincter injury: counseling for future deliveries"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"233","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6357-059X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madeline","family":"Freeman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha G.","family":"Rich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa C.","family":"Hickman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Propst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000720","article-title":"Evaluation of third-degree and fourth-degree laceration rates as quality indicators","volume":"125","author":"Friedman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e318142cdf4","article-title":"Obstetric anal sphincter injury: incidence, risk factors, and management","volume":"247","author":"Dudding","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e87","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002841","article-title":"ACOG practice bulletin no. 198: prevention and management of obstetric lacerations at vaginal delivery","volume":"132","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2024.102719","article-title":"Guideline no. 457: obstetrical anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) part i: prevention, recognition, and immediate management","volume":"46","author":"Globerman","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib5","article-title":"Interventions for women in subsequent pregnancies following obstetric anal sphincter injury to reduce the risk of recurrent injury and associated harms","volume":"2014","author":"Farrar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0730-7659.2005.00356.x","article-title":"Women\u2019s experiences after a third-degree obstetric anal sphincter tear: a qualitative study","volume":"32","author":"Williams","year":"2005","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2020.102820","article-title":"Women\u2019s experience of obstetric anal sphincter injury following childbirth: an integrated review","volume":"91","author":"Darmody","year":"2020","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2011.03150.x","article-title":"Risk of recurrence and subsequent delivery after obstetric anal sphincter injuries","volume":"119","author":"Baghestan","year":"2012","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-019-03983-0","article-title":"Maternal outcomes in subsequent delivery after previous obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI): a multi-centre retrospective cohort study","volume":"31","author":"D\u2019Souza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-015-0469-4","article-title":"The impact of first birth obstetric anal sphincter injury on the subsequent birth: a population-based linkage study","volume":"15","author":"Ampt","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-015-2893-4","article-title":"Risk factors for recurrent obstetric anal sphincter injury (rOASI): a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Jha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-017-4352-6","article-title":"The incidence of and risk factors for a repeat obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASIS) in the vaginal birth subsequent to a first episode of OASIS: a hospital-based cohort study","volume":"295","author":"Antonakou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2013.12.004","article-title":"Delivery outcomes and events in subsequent pregnancies after previous anal sphincter injury","volume":"174","author":"Ali","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.03.018","article-title":"Counseling women with obstetric anal sphincter injury\u2014risk of recurrence and the influence of mode of second delivery on subsequent anal incontinence\u2014a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"309","author":"M\u00f8rch","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000151114.35498.e9","article-title":"Recurrent risk of anal sphincter laceration among women with vaginal deliveries","volume":"105","author":"Spydslaug","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib16","series-title":"The management of third-and fourth-degree perineal tears green-top guideline No. 29","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-015-2795-5","article-title":"Risk factors for severe obstetric perineal lacerations","volume":"27","author":"Vale de Castro Monteiro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3248","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.16438","article-title":"Risk factors for severe perineal lacerations during childbirth: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies","volume":"32","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2013.09.034","article-title":"Risk factors for severe perineal lacerations during childbirth","volume":"125","author":"Pergialiotis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.126977","article-title":"Risk factors associated with anal sphincter tear: a comparison of primiparous patients, vaginal births after cesarean deliveries, and patients with previous vaginal delivery","volume":"187","author":"Richter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.06.078","article-title":"Operative vaginal delivery and midline episiotomy: a bad combination for the perineum","volume":"195","author":"Kudish","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.01731.x","article-title":"Mediolateral episiotomy reduces risk for anal sphincter injury during operative vaginal delivery","volume":"115","author":"Katakam","year":"2008","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01554.x","article-title":"Mediolateral episiotomy reduces the risk for anal sphincter injury during operative vaginal delivery","volume":"115","author":"de Leeuw","year":"2008","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib24","first-page":"225","article-title":"Obstetric anal sphincter lacerations","volume":"98","author":"Handa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.12.043","article-title":"Clinical and sonographic estimation of fetal weight performed during labor by residents","volume":"192","author":"Noumi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12228","article-title":"Risk of obstetric anal sphincter lacerations among obese women","volume":"120","author":"Lindholm","year":"2013","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib27","first-page":"21","article-title":"Anal sphincter tears at vaginal delivery: risk factors and clinical outcome of primary repair","volume":"94","author":"Zetterstr\u00f6m","year":"1999","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181e2f50b","article-title":"Trends in risk factors for obstetric anal sphincter injuries in Norway","volume":"116","author":"Baghestan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e128","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000004395","article-title":"Obesity in pregnancy: ACOG practice bulletin, number 230","volume":"137","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000833","article-title":"Wound complications after obstetric anal sphincter injuries","volume":"125","author":"Lewicky-Gaupp","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-199412000-00002","article-title":"Episiotomy: risks of dehiscence and rectovaginal fistula","volume":"49","author":"Homsi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Surv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-020-04419-w","article-title":"Indications for surgical intervention in a postpartum pelvic floor specialty clinic","volume":"31","author":"Jibrel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.08.015","article-title":"Subspecialty care for peripartum pelvic floor disorders","volume":"223","author":"Hickman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.06.055","article-title":"Obstetrical anal sphincter laceration and anal incontinence 5\u201310 years after childbirth","volume":"207","author":"Evers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2001.080009830.x","article-title":"Anal sphincter damage after vaginal delivery: functional outcome and risk factors for fecal incontinence","volume":"80","author":"de Leeuw","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.11.1312","article-title":"Severity and impact of accidental bowel leakage two decades after no, one, or two sphincter injuries","volume":"228","author":"Nilsson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2014.04.013","article-title":"Outcome of repair of obstetric anal sphincter injuries after three years","volume":"127","author":"Reid","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2405","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-020-04377-3","article-title":"Outcome of anal symptoms and anorectal function following two obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS)-a nested case-controlled study","volume":"31","author":"Okeahialam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1067\/S0002-9378(03)00621-5","article-title":"Elective cesarean delivery for women with a previous anal sphincter rupture","volume":"189","author":"McKenna","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-91799-8","article-title":"Pelvic floor dysfunction one year after first childbirth in relation to perineal tear severity","volume":"11","author":"Huber","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0000000000000849","article-title":"Evaluation of postpartum pelvic floor physical therapy on obstetrical anal sphincter injury: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"27","author":"von Bargen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib42","series-title":"Pelvic floor, perineal, and anal sphincter trauma during childbirth: diagnosis, management and prevention","first-page":"61","article-title":"Management of acute obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIs)","author":"Sultan","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1992.tb13870.x","article-title":"Risks of anal incontinence from subsequent vaginal delivery after a complete obstetric anal sphincter tear","volume":"99","author":"Bek","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-1065-y","article-title":"The social, psychological, emotional morbidity and adjustment techniques for women with anal incontinence following Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury: use of a word picture to identify a hidden syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Keighley","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16934","article-title":"Predictors for sexual dysfunction in the first year postpartum: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"129","author":"Cattani","year":"2022","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0000000000001593","article-title":"Obstetric anal sphincter injury and female sexual dysfunction: a systematic review","volume":"31","author":"Jericevic Schwartz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Urogynecology (Phila)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1097\/SPV.0000000000001356","article-title":"Sexual function in women at 6 and 12 months after obstetric anal sphincter injury: is pelvic floor physical therapy associated with improved outcomes?","volume":"29","author":"Lua-Mailland","year":"2023","journal-title":"Urogynecology (Phila)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-019-2380-x","article-title":"Do women with prior obstetrical anal sphincter injury regret having a subsequent vaginal delivery?","volume":"19","author":"Edwards","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.06.021","article-title":"The prevention of perineal trauma during vaginal birth","volume":"230","author":"Okeahialam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1800566","article-title":"Labor Induction versus Expectant Management in Low-Risk Nulliparous Women","volume":"379","author":"Grobman","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.03.007","article-title":"Maternal death in the 21st century: causes, prevention, and relationship to cesarean delivery","volume":"199","author":"Clark","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1962","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2020.1774874","article-title":"Mode of delivery is an independent risk factor for maternal mortality: a case-control study","volume":"35","author":"Balayla","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.01.043","article-title":"Cesarean delivery on maternal request in China: what are the risks and benefits?","volume":"212","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib54","article-title":"Chapter 19 Cesarean delivery. In: Landon M, ed. Gabbe\u2019s obstetrics essentials: normal & problem pregnancies","author":"Berghella","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.1998.00858.x","article-title":"Third-degree obstetric perineal tear: long-term clinical and functional results after primary repair","volume":"85","author":"Poen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib56","first-page":"684","article-title":"Does a second delivery increase the risk of anal incontinence?","volume":"108","author":"Faltin","year":"2001","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carter E, Hall R, Ajoku K, Myers J, Kearney R. Caesarean section and anal incontinence in women after obstetric anal sphincter injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BJOG. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1471-0528.17899.","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17899"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16452","article-title":"Caesarean section in the second delivery to prevent anal incontinence after asymptomatic obstetric anal sphincter injury: the EPIC multicentre randomised trial","volume":"128","author":"Abramowitz","year":"2021","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.12.030","article-title":"Mode of delivery after obstetric anal sphincter injury and the risk of long-term anal incontinence","volume":"214","author":"Jang\u00f6","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-018-3601-y","article-title":"Effect of subsequent vaginal delivery on bowel symptoms and anorectal function in women who sustained a previous obstetric anal sphincter injury","volume":"29","author":"Jordan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2023.104546","article-title":"Prediction models for perineal lacerations during childbirth: a systematic review and critical appraisal","volume":"145","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2062","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17239","article-title":"Risk of obstetric anal sphincter injuries at the time of admission for delivery: a clinical prediction model","volume":"129","author":"Luchristt","year":"2022","journal-title":"BJOG"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002937825004156?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002937825004156?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T15:26:29Z","timestamp":1778945189000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002937825004156"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002937825004156"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9378","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Obstetrical anal sphincter injury: counseling for future deliveries","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajog.2025.06.037","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}