{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:08:32Z","timestamp":1790611712335,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Perinatology Research Branch"},{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine"},{"name":"Division of Intramural Research"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajogmfm.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,8]],"date-time":"2020-01-08T19:46:50Z","timestamp":1578512810000},"page":"100083","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Amniotic fluid embolism syndrome: analysis of the Unites States International Registry"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Irene A.","family":"Stafford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amirhossein","family":"Moaddab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary A.","family":"Dildy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miranda","family":"Klassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Berra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Watters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Belfort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven L.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1941.02820410023008","article-title":"Maternal pulmonary embolism by amniotic fluid as a cause of obstetric shock and unexplained death in obstetrics","volume":"117","author":"Steiner","year":"1941","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(95)91474-9","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism: analysis of the national registry","volume":"172","author":"Clark","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2014.03.031","article-title":"Maternal mortality in the U.S.\u2013predictability and the impact of protocols on fatal post-cesarean pulmonary embolism and hypertension-related intracranial hemorrhage","volume":"211","author":"Clark","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S279","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000183158.71311.28","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism","volume":"33","author":"Moore","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1159\/000446983","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism: a rare complication of second-trimester amniocentesis","volume":"42","author":"Drukker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fetal Diagn Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.04.052","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism: an evidence-based review","volume":"201","author":"Conde-Agudelo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.11.061","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of amniotic fluid embolisms: a population based study on 3 million births in the United States","volume":"199","author":"Abenhaim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5151.109422","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism","volume":"3","author":"Thongrong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Crit Illness Injury Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.04.052","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism: an evidence-based review","volume":"201","author":"Conde-Agudelo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.03.012","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism: diagnosis and management. Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM)","volume":"215","author":"Pacheco","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010304","article-title":"Current status of pregnancy-related maternal mortality in Japan: a report from the Maternal Death Exploratory Committee in Japan","volume":"6","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000107","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism","volume":"123","author":"Clark","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2016.06.037","article-title":"Proposed diagnostic criteria for the case definition of amniotic fluid embolism in research studies","volume":"215","author":"Clark","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2018.11.1099","article-title":"Diagnostic precision of proposed criteria for research reporting of amniotic fluid embolism","volume":"220","author":"Stafford","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2017.01.050","article-title":"Reproductive decisions after the diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism","volume":"211","author":"Moaddab","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6703a1","article-title":"Assisted reproductive technology surveillance\u2013United States 2015","volume":"67","author":"Sunderam","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1159\/000298984","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism in Sweden, 1951-1980","volume":"20","author":"Hogberg","year":"1985","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib21","first-page":"973","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism: decreased mortality in a population-based study","volume":"93","author":"Gilbert","year":"1999","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00770.x","article-title":"United Kingdom Amniotic Fluid Embolism Register","volume":"112","author":"Tuffnell","year":"2005","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69607-4","article-title":"Maternal Health Study Group of the Canadian Perinatal Surveillance System. Amniotic-fluid embolism and medical induction of labour: a retrospective, population-based cohort study","volume":"368","author":"Kramer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2010.02656.x","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism in an Australian population-based cohort","volume":"117","author":"Roberts","year":"2010","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2012.01442.x","article-title":"Severe maternal morbidity and mortality from amniotic fluid embolism in the Netherlands","volume":"91","author":"Stolk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010304","article-title":"Current status of pregnancy-related maternal mortality in Japan: a report from the Maternal Death Exploratory Committee in Japan","volume":"6","author":"Hasegawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib27","first-page":"S43","article-title":"[Maternal deaths due to amniotic fluid embolism. Results from the French confidential enquiry into maternal deaths, 2010-2012]","volume":"45","author":"Morau","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198602000-00024","article-title":"Left heart failure in amniotic fluid embolism","volume":"64","author":"Girard","year":"1986","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.12.225","article-title":"Pulmonary vascular obstruction by squamous cells is not involved in amniotic fluid embolism","volume":"218","author":"Funk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-015-0792-9","article-title":"the Australasian Maternity Outcomes Surveillance System (AMOSS). Amniotic fluid embolism: an Australian-New Zealand population-based study","volume":"15","author":"McDonnell","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1080\/14767050902787216","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism\u2013risk factors, maternal and neonatal outcomes","volume":"22","author":"Spiliopoulos","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2017.1293034","article-title":"Risk factors for fatality in amniotic fluid embolism: a systematic review and analysis of a data pool","volume":"31","author":"Indraccolo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nwh.2018.11.006","article-title":"Anaphylactoid syndrome of pregnancy","volume":"23","author":"Barnhart","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nurs Womens Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.02.034","article-title":"Japanese viewpoint on amniotic fluid embolism","volume":"217","author":"Oda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(83)90216-2","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism after transabdominal amniocentesis","volume":"16","author":"Hasaart","year":"1983","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(98)00065-5","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism following blunt abdominal trauma in pregnancy","volume":"29","author":"Judich","year":"1998","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib37","first-page":"851","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism after saline amnioinfusion: two cases and review of the literature","volume":"83","author":"Maher","year":"1994","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2003.07.010","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism as cause of death in a car accident\u2014a case report","volume":"137","author":"Rainio","year":"2003","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03018773","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism with second trimester pregnancy termination: a case report","volume":"51","author":"Ray","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13300","article-title":"Incidence, risk factors, management and outcomes of amniotic-fluid embolism: a population-based cohort and nested case-control study","volume":"123","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2016","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.12428","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism: pathophysiology and new strategies for management","volume":"40","author":"Kanayama","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2017.1404024","article-title":"Anesthetic management of amniotic fluid embolism\u2013a multi-center, retrospective, cohort study","volume":"32","author":"Skolnik","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2014.932766","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism: antepartum, intrapartum and demographic factors","volume":"28","author":"Fong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2019.07.036","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism: principles of early clinical management","volume":"222","author":"Pacheco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1647301","article-title":"Plasminogen activator inhibitors type 1 and type 2 and plasminogen activators in amniotic fluid during pregnancy","volume":"64","author":"Estelles","year":"1990","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-199006000-00003","article-title":"New concepts of amniotic fluid embolism: a review","volume":"45","author":"Clark","year":"1990","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Surv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(85)90150-4","article-title":"Hemodynamic alterations associated with amniotic fluid embolism: a reappraisal","volume":"151","author":"Clark","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2010.00823.x","article-title":"Maternal death following cardiopulmonary collapse after delivery: amniotic fluid embolism or septic shock due to intrauterine infection?","volume":"64","author":"Romero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13528","article-title":"Amniotic fluid embolism: a historical perspective in diagnosis and management","volume":"123","author":"West","year":"2016","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.04.009","article-title":"Proposed diagnostic criteria for the case definition of amniotic fluid embolism in research studies","volume":"217","author":"Erez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589933319301235?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589933319301235?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T23:46:13Z","timestamp":1762904773000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589933319301235"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589933319301235"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-9333"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-9333","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Amniotic fluid embolism syndrome: analysis of the Unites States International Registry","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100083","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100083"}}