{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T10:23:24Z","timestamp":1790159004968,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajogmfm.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T17:59:51Z","timestamp":1610647191000},"page":"100308","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Exposure to toxic metals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and the risk of preeclampsia and preterm birth in the United States: a review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Juliana","family":"Stone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pragna","family":"Sutrave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Gascoigne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew B.","family":"Givens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca C.","family":"Fry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2465-6747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tracy A.","family":"Manuck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31470-2","article-title":"Global, regional, and national levels of maternal mortality, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"388","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogc.2018.01.004","article-title":"Maternal mortality in the twenty-first century","volume":"45","author":"Ozimek","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000564","article-title":"Pregnancy-related mortality in the United States, 2006-2010","volume":"125","author":"Creanga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib4","first-page":"329","article-title":"The rising Burden of preeclampsia in the United States impacts both maternal and child health","volume":"33","author":"Shih","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Births: final data for 2017","volume":"67","author":"Martin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib6","series-title":"Preterm birth: causes, Consequences, and prevention","author":"Behrman","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib7","first-page":"438","article-title":"The use of PCT, CRP, IL-6 and SAA in critically ill patients for an early distinction between candidemia and gram positive\/negative bacteremia","volume":"64","author":"Fu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect"},{"issue":"Suppl1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-10-S1-S1","article-title":"Born Too Soon Preterm Birth Action Group. Born too soon: preterm birth matters","volume":"10","author":"Howson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)17987-2","article-title":"Pre-eclampsia","volume":"365","author":"Sibai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000454932.15177.be","article-title":"Committee opinion no 611: method for estimating due date","volume":"124","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.06.060","article-title":"Health of children born to mothers who had preeclampsia: a population-based cohort study","volume":"201","author":"Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/155.3.203","article-title":"Impact of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension on birth weight by gestational age","volume":"155","author":"Xiong","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-999264","article-title":"Severe preeclampsia in preterm pregnancy between 26 and 32 weeks\u2019 gestation","volume":"9","author":"Banias","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1080\/jmf.10.5.301.304-16","article-title":"Outcome of infants delivered between 24 and 28 weeks\u2019 gestation in women with severe pre-eclampsia","volume":"10","author":"Hiett","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Matern Fetal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1080\/jmf.13.3.157.162","article-title":"Influence of pre-eclampsia on fetal growth","volume":"13","author":"Xiao","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"issue":"Suppl4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.08.041","article-title":"Chronic inflammation of the placenta: definition, classification, pathogenesis, and clinical significance","volume":"213","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0181016","article-title":"Predicting preeclampsia from a history of preterm birth","volume":"12","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib18","author":"Lockwood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp131","article-title":"Placental vascular pathology findings and pathways to preterm delivery","volume":"170","author":"Kelly","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1570379","article-title":"Role of the placenta in preterm birth: a review","volume":"33","author":"Morgan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1538","article-title":"Progestin-inflammatory cytokine interactions affect matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -3 expression in term decidual cells: implications for treatment of chorioamnionitis-induced preterm delivery","volume":"93","author":"Oner","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(96)90052-1","article-title":"Immunoreactive 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH) is reduced in fetal membranes from patients at preterm delivery in the presence of infection","volume":"17","author":"Van Meir","year":"1996","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03804.x","article-title":"Understanding preterm labor","volume":"943","author":"Challis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"Suppl4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.08.042","article-title":"Why is placentation abnormal in preeclampsia?","volume":"213","author":"Fisher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2019.07.010","article-title":"Placental bed research: II. Functional and immunological investigations of the placental bed","volume":"221","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib26","article-title":"Failure of physiological transformation and spiral artery atherosis: their roles in preeclampsia","author":"Staff","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib27","author":"Karumanchi"},{"issue":"Suppl1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-10-S1-S2","article-title":"Born too soon: the global epidemiology of 15 million preterm births","volume":"10","author":"Blencowe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1080\/10937404.2013.775048","article-title":"Environmental contaminant exposures and preterm birth: a comprehensive review","volume":"16","author":"Ferguson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10651","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.5b02617","article-title":"Levels of phthalate metabolites in urine of pregnant women and risk of clinical pregnancy loss","volume":"49","author":"Mu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0730","article-title":"Aflatoxin exposure during pregnancy, maternal anemia, and adverse birth outcomes","volume":"96","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-800095-3.00010-9","article-title":"Long-lasting effects of neonatal bisphenol A exposure on the implantation process","volume":"94","author":"Varayoud","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vitam Horm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2017.1416602","article-title":"Trace elements profiles of maternal blood, umbilical cord blood, and placenta in Beijing, China","volume":"32","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2018.03.025","article-title":"Air pollution and the fetal origin of disease: a systematic review of the molecular signatures of air pollution exposure in human placenta","volume":"166","author":"Luyten","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2020.02.004","article-title":"Review of the environmental prenatal exposome and its relationship to maternal and fetal health","volume":"98","author":"Rager","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2014.26","article-title":"Placental transfer and concentrations of cadmium, mercury, lead, and selenium in mothers, newborns, and young children","volume":"24","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-040617-014629","article-title":"Environmental influences on the epigenome: exposure- associated DNA methylation in human populations","volume":"39","author":"Martin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu Rev Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1007\/s40572-017-0170-z","article-title":"Sexually dimorphic effects of early-life exposures to endocrine disruptors: sex-specific epigenetic reprogramming as a potential mechanism","volume":"4","author":"McCabe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Environ Health Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.2217\/epi-2016-0132","article-title":"Sexual epigenetic dimorphism in the human placenta: implications for susceptibility during the prenatal period","volume":"9","author":"Martin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epigenomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib40","unstructured":"Agency for toxic substances and disease Registry. ATSDR\u2019s substance priority list. 2017. Available at: https:\/\/www.atsdr.cdc.gov. Accessed May 15, 2020."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e31354","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031354","article-title":"Towards prenatal biomonitoring in North Carolina: assessing arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead levels in pregnant women","volume":"7","author":"Sanders","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib42","author":"Ettinger"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib43","first-page":"841","article-title":"Adult blood lead epidemiology and surveillance\u2014United States, 2008-2009","volume":"60","year":"2011","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.109208","article-title":"Characterization of trace elements exposure in pregnant women in the United States, NHANES 1999-2016","volume":"183","author":"Watson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-072X-13-30","article-title":"Mercury in fish and adverse reproductive outcomes: results from South Carolina","volume":"13","author":"Burch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Health Geogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2015.191","article-title":"Epigenetics: linking social and environmental exposures to preterm birth","volume":"79","author":"Burris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.06.117","article-title":"Environmental exposures, toxicologic mechanisms, and adverse pregnancy outcomes","volume":"192","author":"Silbergeld","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib48","first-page":"38","article-title":"Mercury, lead, and cadmium in umbilical cord blood","volume":"75","author":"King","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Environ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2019.05.061","article-title":"Ubiquitous identification of inorganic arsenic in a cohort of second trimester amniotic fluid in women with preterm and term births","volume":"87","author":"Johnson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.07.027","article-title":"Investigation of association between environmental and socioeconomic factors and preterm birth in California","volume":"121","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2017.05.010","article-title":"Arsenic in drinking water and adverse birth outcomes in Ohio","volume":"157","author":"Almberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-014-9651-2","article-title":"Geospatial association between adverse birth outcomes and arsenic in groundwater in New Hampshire, USA","volume":"37","author":"Shi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ Geochem Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8414","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph110808414","article-title":"Maternal mercury exposure, season of conception and adverse birth outcomes in an urban immigrant community in Brooklyn, New York, U.S.A","volume":"11","author":"Bashore","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9329","article-title":"Maternal fish consumption, mercury levels, and risk of preterm delivery","volume":"115","author":"Xue","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2014.09.007","article-title":"Very low maternal lead level in pregnancy and birth outcomes in an eastern Massachusetts population","volume":"24","author":"Perkins","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901561","article-title":"Maternal low-level lead exposure and fetal growth","volume":"118","author":"Zhu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7211453","article-title":"Effect of magnitude and timing of maternal pregnancy blood lead (Pb) levels on birth outcomes","volume":"26","author":"Jelliffe-Pawlowski","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2005.11.001","article-title":"Lead exposure and birth outcomes in five communities in Shoshone County, Idaho","volume":"209","author":"Berkowitz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Hyg Environ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1080\/00039896.1991.9937445","article-title":"Umbilical cord blood lead levels in california","volume":"46","author":"Satin","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Environ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib60","article-title":"Trace minerals, heavy metals, and preeclampsia: findings from the Boston birth cohort","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139341","article-title":"Placental cadmium levels are associated with increased preeclampsia risk","volume":"10","author":"Laine","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1080\/00039899909603372","article-title":"Third-trimester amniotic fluid metal levels associated with preeclampsia","volume":"54","author":"Dawson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Environ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1080\/00039890209601442","article-title":"Blood lead concentrations and pregnancy outcomes","volume":"57","author":"Sowers","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Environ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1385\/BTER:74:2:107","article-title":"Blood cell lead, calcium, and magnesium levels associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia","volume":"74","author":"Dawson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.10.4.447","article-title":"Pregnancy hypertension, blood pressure during labor, and blood lead levels","volume":"10","author":"Rabinowitz","year":"1987","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib66","series-title":"Toxicological profile for cadmium","author":"Faroon","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.28-1637502","article-title":"Exposure and accumulation of cadmium in populations from Japan, the United States, and Sweden","volume":"28","author":"Kjellstr\u00f6m","year":"1979","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib68","author":"Drake"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1103711","article-title":"Maternal cadmium exposure during pregnancy and size at birth: a prospective cohort study","volume":"120","author":"Kippler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2017.07.059","article-title":"Cadmium inhibits placental trophoblast cell migration via miRNA regulation of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-\u03b2) pathway","volume":"109","author":"Brooks","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-018-0888-5","article-title":"Environmental toxicant exposure and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: recent findings","volume":"20","author":"Kahn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.24401","article-title":"Sex-specific effects of early life cadmium exposure on DNA methylation and implications for birth weight","volume":"8","author":"Kippler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12318","article-title":"Moderate prenatal cadmium exposure and adverse birth outcomes: a role for sex-specific differences?","volume":"30","author":"Taylor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2016.41","article-title":"Prenatal cadmium exposure and preterm low birth weight in China","volume":"27","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2014.02.080","article-title":"The effects of prenatal exposure to low-level cadmium, lead and selenium on birth outcomes","volume":"108","author":"Sun","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2016.06.003","article-title":"Maternal urinary cadmium concentrations in relation to preterm birth in the Healthy Baby Cohort Study in China","volume":"94","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14060556","article-title":"A\u00a0review of the effects of chronic arsenic exposure on adverse pregnancy outcomes","volume":"14","author":"Milton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-nutr-080508-141102","article-title":"Effects of arsenic on maternal and fetal health","volume":"29","author":"Vahter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(02)00285-8","article-title":"Mechanisms of arsenic biotransformation","volume":"181\u2013182","author":"Vahter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000147105.94041.e6","article-title":"Chronic arsenic exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Bangladesh","volume":"16","author":"Milton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8084","article-title":"Folate, homocysteine, and arsenic metabolism in arsenic-exposed individuals in Bangladesh","volume":"113","author":"Gamble","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.16.4.504","article-title":"Dose-response relationship between ischemic heart disease mortality and long-term arsenic exposure","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.25.1.53","article-title":"Increased prevalence of hypertension and long-term arsenic exposure","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.6396","article-title":"Gene expression of inflammatory molecules in circulating lymphocytes from arsenic-exposed human subjects","volume":"111","author":"Wu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002086","article-title":"Arsenic-associated oxidative stress, inflammation, and immune disruption in human placenta and cord blood","volume":"119","author":"Ahmed","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfm162","article-title":"Arsenic exposure in pregnant mice disrupts placental vasculogenesis and causes spontaneous abortion","volume":"99","author":"He","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e207","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.0030207","article-title":"Activation of inflammation\/NF-kappaB signaling in infants born to arsenic-exposed mothers","volume":"3","author":"Fry","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/44.2.185","article-title":"Exposure to inorganic arsenic metabolites during early human development","volume":"44","author":"Concha","year":"1998","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1017\/S2040174414000221","article-title":"Arsenic exposure in early pregnancy alters genome-wide DNA methylation in cord blood, particularly in boys","volume":"5","author":"Broberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dev Orig Health Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2020.114920","article-title":"Developmental arsenic exposure is associated with sex differences in the epigenetic regulation of stress genes in the adult mouse frontal cortex","volume":"391","author":"Solomon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-12-58","article-title":"Association between in utero arsenic exposure, placental gene expression, and infant birth weight: a US birth cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Fei","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2005.11.014","article-title":"Functional and molecular expression of AQP9 channel and UT-A transporter in normal and preeclamptic human placentas","volume":"27","author":"Damiano","year":"2006","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2011.06.039","article-title":"Serum autotaxin measurements in pregnant women: application for the differentiation of normal pregnancy and pregnancy-induced hypertension","volume":"412","author":"Masuda","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib94","first-page":"460508","article-title":"Mercury toxicity and treatment: a review of the literature","volume":"2012","author":"Bernhoft","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Environ Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2013.11.001","article-title":"Mercury (Hg) and oxidative stress status in healthy mothers and its effect on birth anthropometric measures","volume":"217","author":"Al-Saleh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Hyg Environ Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib96","first-page":"5062365","article-title":"The concentration of micronutrients and heavy metals in maternal serum, placenta, and cord blood: a cross-sectional study in preterm birth","volume":"2019","author":"Irwinda","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pregnancy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03520040046039","article-title":"The decline in blood lead levels in the United States. The national health and nutrition examination surveys (NHANES)","volume":"272","author":"Pirkle","year":"1994","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2009.04.006","article-title":"Gender specific differences in neurodevelopmental effects of prenatal exposure to very low-lead levels: the prospective cohort study in three-year olds","volume":"85","author":"Jedrychowski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2013.04.015","article-title":"Gender differences in the neurotoxicity of metals in children","volume":"311","author":"Llop","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.03.031","article-title":"Sex differences in the effects of prenatal lead exposure on birth outcomes","volume":"225","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2009.11.010","article-title":"Review: sex and the human placenta: mediating differential strategies of fetal growth and survival","volume":"31","author":"Clifton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxu058","article-title":"Bayesian kernel machine regression for estimating the health effects of multi-pollutant mixtures","volume":"16","author":"Bobb","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biostatistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1039\/c6mt00010j","article-title":"A\u00a0multimodal imaging workflow to visualize metal mixtures in the human placenta and explore colocalization with biological response markers","volume":"8","author":"Niedzwiecki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Metallomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib104","series-title":"Associations of industrial air pollutant mixtures with preterm birth and small for gestational age in Alberta, Canada","author":"Serrano-Lomelin","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.2217\/epi.15.54","article-title":"Altered miRNA expression in the cervix during pregnancy associated with lead and mercury exposure","volume":"7","author":"Sanders","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epigenomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.09.052","article-title":"Urinary trace metals individually and in mixtures in association with preterm birth","volume":"121","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.2131\/jts.28.49","article-title":"Toxicity and toxicokinetics of perfluorooctanoic acid in humans and animals","volume":"28","author":"Kudo","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8037","DOI":"10.1021\/es1043613","article-title":"Trends in exposure to polyfluoroalkyl chemicals in the U.S. Population: 1999-2008","volume":"45","author":"Kato","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2019.05.028","article-title":"Determinants of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in midlife women: Evidence of racial\/ethnic and geographic differences in PFAS exposure","volume":"175","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib110","unstructured":"Beekman M, Zweers P, Muller A, de Vries W, Janssen P, Zeilmaker M. Evaluation of substances used in the GenX technology by Chemours, Dordrecht. 2016. Available at: https:\/\/www.rivm.nl\/bibliotheek\/rapporten\/2016-0174.pdf. Accessed February 6, 2020."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.01.011","article-title":"Comparing the toxic potency in\u00a0vivo of long-chain perfluoroalkyl acids and fluorinated alternatives","volume":"113","author":"Gomis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2020.104797","article-title":"Epigenetic toxicity of PFOA and GenX in HepG2 cells and their role in lipid metabolism","volume":"65","author":"Wen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicol In\u00a0Vitro"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37008","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP4372","article-title":"Adverse maternal, fetal, and postnatal effects of hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (GenX) from oral gestational exposure in Sprague-Dawley rats","volume":"127","author":"Conley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27006","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP6233","article-title":"Evaluation of maternal, embryo, and placental effects in CD-1 Mice following gestational exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) or Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer Acid (HFPO-DA or GenX)","volume":"128","author":"Blake","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0800379","article-title":"The C8 health project: design, methods, and participants","volume":"117","author":"Frisbee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1080\/10408440802209804","article-title":"Immunotoxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha","volume":"39","author":"DeWitt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Rev Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1206372","article-title":"Serum perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate concentrations in relation to birth outcomes in the Mid-Ohio Valley, 2005-2010","volume":"121","author":"Darrow","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2009.10.012","article-title":"Congenital anomalies, labor\/delivery complications, maternal risk factors and their relationship with perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)-contaminated public drinking water","volume":"29","author":"Nolan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu350","article-title":"Maternal exposure to perfluorinated chemicals and reduced fecundity: the MIREC study","volume":"30","author":"V\u00e9lez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfaa043","article-title":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances differentially inhibit placental trophoblast migration and invasion in\u00a0vitro","volume":"175","author":"Szilagyi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx332","article-title":"Early-pregnancy plasma concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances and birth outcomes in project viva: confounded by pregnancy hemodynamics?","volume":"187","author":"Sagiv","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1104752","article-title":"Relationship of perfluorooctanoic acid exposure to pregnancy outcome based on birth records in the mid-Ohio valley","volume":"120","author":"Savitz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e31824cb93b","article-title":"Perfluorooctanoic acid exposure and pregnancy outcome in a highly exposed community","volume":"23","author":"Savitz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2008.11.001","article-title":"The relationship between birth weight, gestational age and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)-contaminated public drinking water","volume":"27","author":"Nolan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp212","article-title":"Serum levels of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and pregnancy outcome","volume":"170","author":"Stein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.10506","article-title":"Perfluorinated chemicals and fetal growth: A study within the Danish national birth cohort","volume":"115","author":"Fei","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr459","article-title":"Perfluorinated compounds in relation to birth weight in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study","volume":"175","author":"Whitworth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2009.57","article-title":"Maternal exposure to perfluorinated acids and fetal growth","volume":"20","author":"Hamm","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2017.09.006","article-title":"Prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and birth outcomes in a Spanish birth cohort","volume":"108","author":"Manzano-Salgado","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2012.06.018","article-title":"Association between maternal exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) from electronic waste recycling and neonatal health outcomes","volume":"48","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e42474","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0042474","article-title":"Perfluorinated compounds in umbilical cord blood and adverse birth outcomes","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589933321000033?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589933321000033?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T23:46:40Z","timestamp":1762904800000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589933321000033"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"references-count":131,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589933321000033"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-9333"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-9333","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Exposure to toxic metals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and the risk of preeclampsia and preterm birth in the United States: a review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2021.100308","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100308"}}