{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T13:47:06Z","timestamp":1782568026157,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajogmfm.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T08:36:21Z","timestamp":1736238981000},"page":"101606","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Systematic review of interventions in early pregnancy among pregnant individuals at risk for hyperglycemia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8943-5590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Larissa","family":"Calancie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madelin O.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wooyon A.","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Caouette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"McCann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunice Y.","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erika F.","family":"Werner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0001","article-title":"Prevalence and trends in gestational diabetes mellitus among women in the United States, 2006\u20132017: a population-based study","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0002","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse pregnancy outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"377","author":"Ye","year":"2022","journal-title":"The BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000865","article-title":"Adverse pregnancy outcomes using the international association of the diabetes and pregnancy study groups criteria","volume":"126","author":"Sacks","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087863","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome risk after gestational diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0005","first-page":"1","article-title":"Trends and characteristics in gestational diabetes: United States, 2016\u20132020","volume":"71","author":"Gregory","year":"2022","journal-title":"National Vital Statistics Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0006","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Diagnostic criteria and classification of hyperglycaemia first detected in pregnancy; 2013. Accessed Dec. 01, 2024. Available at: http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/85975\/1\/WHO_NMH_MND_13.2_eng.pdf"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2132","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2214956","article-title":"Treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosed early in pregnancy","volume":"388","author":"Simmons","year":"2023","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21532","article-title":"The Impact of maternal obesity and race\/ethnicity on perinatal outcomes: independent and joint effects","volume":"24","author":"Snowden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"issue":"7858","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0009","article-title":"Effects of interventions in pregnancy on maternal weight and obstetric outcomes: meta-analysis of randomised evidence","volume":"344","author":"Thangaratinam","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ (Online)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007145.pub3","article-title":"Diet or exercise, or both, for preventing excessive weight gain in pregnancy","volume":"2015","author":"Muktabhant","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0011","article-title":"Effect of diet and physical activity based interventions in pregnancy on gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes: meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials","volume":"358","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14703","article-title":"Efficacy of continuous glucose monitoring on maternal and neonatal outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"39","author":"Garc\u00eda-Moreno","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetic Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0013","article-title":"Probiotics for preventing gestational diabetes","volume":"2021","author":"Davidson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-022-02435-8","article-title":"Maternal protein intake in early pregnancy and child development at age 3 years","volume":"94","author":"Miyake","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-3281","article-title":"Placental growth response to maternal insulin in early pregnancy","volume":"100","author":"O'Tierney-Ginn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15153287","article-title":"Early pregnancy maternal plasma phospholipid saturated fatty acids and fetal growth: findings from a multi-racial\/ethnic birth cohort in US","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605231172895","article-title":"Placental weight and its relationship with the birth weight of term infants and body mass index of the mothers","volume":"51","author":"Sathasivam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of International Medical Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.2337\/db20-1111","article-title":"Pregnancies in diabetes and obesity: the capacity-load model of placental adaptation","volume":"70","author":"Desoye","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1159\/000509932","article-title":"Birth size as a determinant of cardiometabolic risk factors in children","volume":"93","author":"Nordman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2450","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23569","article-title":"The roles of newborn anthropometrics in the association between maternal weight gain and childhood cardiovascular risks","volume":"30","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"issue":"392","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0021","first-page":"1","article-title":"Increases in prepregnancy obesity: United States, 2016-2019","author":"Driscoll","year":"2020","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-0688","article-title":"First-Trimester fasting hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes","volume":"32","author":"Riskin-Mashiah","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.52.6.377","article-title":"The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions","volume":"52","author":"Downs","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health (1978)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30358-3","article-title":"Interventions to prevent global childhood overweight and obesity: a systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Bleich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051496","article-title":"The impact of an early lifestyle intervention on pregnancy outcomes in a cohort of insulin-resistant overweight and obese women","volume":"12","author":"Menichini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0026","article-title":"Mediterranean-style diet in pregnant women with metabolic risk factors (ESTEEM): a pragmatic multicentre randomised trial","volume":"16","author":"Al Wattar B","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002134","article-title":"Intensive prenatal nutrition counseling in a community health setting: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"130","author":"Peccei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.07.020","article-title":"Supervised exercise-based intervention to prevent excessive gestational weight gain: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"88","author":"Ruiz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.11.039","article-title":"Exercise during pregnancy protects against hypertension and macrosomia: randomized clinical trial","volume":"214","author":"Barakat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0173937","article-title":"Effect of supervised exercise training during pregnancy on neonatal and maternal outcomes among overweight and obese women. Secondary analyses of the ETIP trial: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"12","author":"Garnaes","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource]"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17343","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-22283-0","article-title":"Influence of prenatal exercise on the relationship between maternal overweight and obesity and select delivery outcomes","volume":"12","author":"McDonald","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2012.03366.x","article-title":"No effect of the FitFor2 exercise programme on blood glucose, insulin sensitivity, and birthweight in pregnant women who were overweight and at risk for gestational diabetes: results of a randomised controlled trial","volume":"119","author":"Oostdam","year":"2012","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001632","article-title":"Regular exercise to prevent the recurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"128","author":"Guelfi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002267","article-title":"A medically supervised pregnancy exercise intervention in obese women: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"130","author":"Daly","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-024-06296-3","article-title":"Physical activity, gestational weight gain in obese patients with early gestational diabetes and the perinatal outcome \u2013 a randomised\u2013controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Adamczak","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2502","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1150","article-title":"The LiP (lifestyle in pregnancy) study: a randomized controlled trial of lifestyle intervention in 360 obese pregnant women","volume":"34","author":"Vinter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001036","article-title":"Primary prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus and large-for-gestational-age newborns by lifestyle counseling: a cluster-randomized controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Luoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12333","article-title":"Adherence to a lifestyle programme in overweight\/obese pregnant women and effect on gestational diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"13","author":"Bruno","year":"2017","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.100030","article-title":"Food glycemic index changes in overweight\/obese pregnant women enrolled in a lifestyle program: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"1","author":"Facchinetti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2019-000733","article-title":"Effect of motivational interviewing on gestational weight gain and fetal growth in pregnant women with type 2 diabetes","volume":"7","author":"Asbjornsdottir","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"g1285","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g1285","article-title":"Antenatal lifestyle advice for women who are overweight or obese: LIMIT randomised trial","volume":"348","author":"Dodd","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2023.07.006","article-title":"The PREDG study: a randomised controlled trial testing whether an educational intervention can prevent gestational weight gain in women with obesity","volume":"57","author":"Barquiel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13796","article-title":"The effect of antenatal lifestyle advice for women who are overweight or obese on secondary measures of neonatal body composition: the LIMIT randomised trial","volume":"123","author":"Dodd","year":"2016","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S179009","article-title":"Pearls randomized lifestyle trial in pregnant Hispanic women with overweight\/obesity: gestational weight gain and offspring birthweight","volume":"12","author":"Trak-Fellermeier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s40519-018-0566-2","article-title":"A low intensity dietary intervention for reducing excessive gestational weight gain in an overweight and obese pregnant cohort","volume":"25","author":"Dorise","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eat Weight Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-0511","article-title":"Gestational diabetes mellitus can be prevented by lifestyle intervention: the Finnish gestational diabetes prevention study (RADIEL): a randomized controlled trial","volume":"39","author":"Koivusalo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-014-1582-0","article-title":"Preventing excessive weight gain during pregnancy and promoting postpartum weight loss: a pilot lifestyle intervention for overweight and obese African American women","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-017-1340-6","article-title":"The effect of a prenatal lifestyle intervention on glucose metabolism: results of the Norwegian fit for delivery randomized controlled trial","volume":"17","author":"Sagedal","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22079","article-title":"Greater neonatal fat-free mass and similar fat mass following a randomized trial to control excess gestational weight gain","volume":"26","author":"Gallagher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22070","article-title":"Weight control program and gestational weight gain in disadvantaged women with overweight or obesity: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"26","author":"Cahill","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(20)30107-8","article-title":"A telehealth lifestyle intervention to reduce excess gestational weight gain in pregnant women with overweight or obesity (GLOW): a randomised, parallel-group, controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Ferrara","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2013.09.029","article-title":"The treatment of obese pregnant women (TOP) study: a randomized controlled trial of the effect of physical activity intervention assessed by pedometer with or without dietary intervention in obese pregnant women","volume":"210","author":"Renault","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000002582","article-title":"Pregnancy exercise and nutrition with smartphone application support: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"131","author":"Kennelly","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-018-0178-8","article-title":"Effect of a lifestyle intervention during pregnancy-findings from the Finnish gestational diabetes prevention trial (RADIEL)","volume":"38","author":"Rono","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Perinatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-019-4842-0","article-title":"A reduction in sedentary behaviour in obese women during pregnancy reduces neonatal adiposity: the DALI randomised controlled trial","volume":"62","author":"van Poppel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0056","first-page":"903","article-title":"Effect of physical activity and\/or healthy eating on GDM risk: the DALI lifestyle study","volume":"102","author":"Simmons","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.21240","article-title":"Preventing excessive gestational weight gain among African American women: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"24","author":"Herring","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1509819","article-title":"Metformin versus placebo in obese pregnant women without diabetes mellitus","volume":"374","author":"Syngelaki","year":"2016","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0059","first-page":"163","article-title":"A pilot randomized, controlled trial of metformin versus insulin in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy","volume":"30","author":"Refuerzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(18)30310-3","article-title":"Effect of metformin in addition to dietary and lifestyle advice for pregnant women who are overweight or obese: the GRoW randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"7","author":"Dodd","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-2248","article-title":"Probiotics for the prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus in overweight and obese women: findings from the SPRING double-blind randomized controlled trial","volume":"42","author":"Callaway","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzaa095","article-title":"Multistrain probiotic increases the gut microbiota diversity in obese pregnant women: results from a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study","volume":"4","author":"Halkj\u00e6r","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Dev Nutr"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3234","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2015.1121478","article-title":"Myo-inositol may prevent gestational diabetes onset in overweight women: a randomized, controlled trial","volume":"29","author":"Santamaria","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000958","article-title":"Myo-inositol supplementation for prevention of gestational diabetes in obese pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"126","author":"D'Anna","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.04.006","article-title":"The DALI vitamin D randomized controlled trial for gestational diabetes mellitus prevention: no major benef.it shown besides vitamin D sufficiency","volume":"39","author":"Corcoy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinical Nutrition"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3781","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14183781","volume":"14","author":"Harreiter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-2591","article-title":"Efficacy of fish oil and\/or probiotic intervention on the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in an at-risk group of overweight and obese women: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial","volume":"42","author":"Pellonpera","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000003659","article-title":"Fish oil and\/or probiotics intervention in overweight\/obese pregnant women and overweight risk in 24-month-old children","volume":"76","author":"Saros","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2023.02.007","article-title":"Fish oil supplementation during pregnancy and postpartum in mothers with overweight and obesity to improve body composition and metabolic health during infancy: a double-blind randomized controlled trial","volume":"117","author":"Satokar","year":"2023","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020578","article-title":"Effect of omega-3 supplementation in pregnant women with obesity on newborn body composition, growth and length of gestation: a randomized controlled pilot study","volume":"13","author":"Monthe-Dreze","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12524","article-title":"Effect of docosahexaenoic acid-enriched fish oil supplementation in pregnant women with type 2 diabetes on membrane fatty acids and fetal body composition\u2013double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"31","author":"Min","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetic Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-024-01472-z","article-title":"Supplementation with antioxidant micronutrients in pregnant women with obesity: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"48","author":"Sen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.7326\/M13-2905","article-title":"Screening for gestational diabetes mellitus: U.S. preventive services task force recommendation statement","volume":"160","author":"Moyer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2019.12.021","article-title":"Early gestational diabetes screening in obese women: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"222","author":"Harper","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0075","first-page":"e641","article-title":"Early gestational diabetes screening based on ACOG guidelines","author":"Champion","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s40608-018-0194-4","article-title":"Mighty Mums - a lifestyle intervention at primary care level reduces gestational weight gain in women with obesity","volume":"5","author":"Haby","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Obes"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.24102","article-title":"A group prenatal care intervention reduces gestational weight gain and gestational diabetes in American Samoan women","volume":"32","author":"Hawley","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab405","article-title":"A high-protein low-glycemic index diet attenuates gestational weight gain in pregnant women with obesity: the \u201can optimized programming of healthy children\u201d (APPROACH) randomized controlled trial","volume":"115","author":"Geiker","year":"2022","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2019.03.003","article-title":"Effect of antenatal dietary interventions in maternal obesity on pregnancy weight-gain and birthweight: healthy mums and babies (HUMBA) randomized trial","volume":"221","author":"Okesene-Gafa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqx043","article-title":"Randomized controlled clinical trial of behavioral lifestyle intervention with partial meal replacement to reduce excessive gestational weight gain","volume":"107","author":"Phelan","year":"2018","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2018.06.015","article-title":"Dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet and activity to limit gestational weight: maternal offspring metabolics family intervention trial, a technology enhanced randomized trial","volume":"55","author":"Van Horn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23119","article-title":"A behavioral lifestyle intervention to limit gestational weight gain in pregnant women with overweight and obesity","volume":"29","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003752","article-title":"Association of the first 1,000 days systems-change intervention on maternal gestational weight gain","volume":"135","author":"Blake-Lamb","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.10.048","article-title":"The effects of a combined intervention (docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and home-based dietary counseling) on metabolic control in obese and overweight pregnant women: the MIGHT study","volume":"224","author":"Garmendia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-0808","article-title":"Lifestyle intervention in Danish obese pregnant women with early gestational diabetes mellitus according to WHO 2013 criteria does not change pregnancy outcomes: results from the LiP (lifestyle in pregnancy) study","volume":"41","author":"Vinter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2019.02.002","article-title":"Combined financial incentives and behavioral weight management to enhance adherence with gestational weight gain guidelines: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"1","author":"Phillips","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13310","article-title":"Continuous glucose monitoring during diabetic pregnancy (GlucoMOMS): a multicentre randomized controlled trial","volume":"20","author":"Voormolen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0088","first-page":"172","article-title":"Early screening and treatment of women with prediabetes: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"33","author":"Osmundson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12333","article-title":"Adherence to a lifestyle programme in overweight\/obese pregnant women and effect on gestational diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"13","author":"Bruno","year":"2017","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11081812","article-title":"Energy intake requirements in pregnancy","volume":"11","author":"Most","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-17862-x","article-title":"Maternal macronutrient and energy intake during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Khammarnia","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1080\/23293691.2019.1653581","article-title":"Fat shame and blame in reproductive care: implications for ethical health care interactions","volume":"6","author":"Ward","year":"2019","journal-title":"Women's Reproductive Health"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2094","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.4230","article-title":"Counseling and behavioral interventions for healthy weight and weight gain in pregnancy: evidence report and systematic review for the us preventive services task force","volume":"325","author":"Cantor","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2021.6373","article-title":"Association of antenatal diet and physical activity-based interventions with gestational weight gain and pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"182","author":"Teede","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28886","DOI":"10.2196\/28886","article-title":"Effectiveness of a step counter smartband and midwife counseling intervention on gestational weight gain and physical activity in pregnant women with obesity (pas and pes study): randomized controlled trial","volume":"10","author":"Gonzalez-Plaza","year":"2022","journal-title":"JMIR Mhealth Uhealth"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000198.pub3","article-title":"Support during pregnancy for women at increased risk of low birthweight babies","volume":"4","author":"East","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"j1","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j1","article-title":"Obesity and pregnancy: mechanisms of short term and long term adverse consequences for mother and child","volume":"356","author":"Catalano","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-018-1809-y","article-title":"The treatment of booking gestational diabetes mellitus (TOBOGM) pilot randomised controlled trial","volume":"18","author":"Simmons","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0137742","article-title":"A 12-week exercise program for pregnant women with obesity to improve physical activity levels: an open randomised preliminary study","volume":"10","author":"Bisson","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource]"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.12300","article-title":"Exercise in pregnancy does not alter gestational weight gain, MCP-1 or leptin in obese women","volume":"55","author":"Dekker Nitert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000141","article-title":"A pilot walking program promotes moderate-intensity physical activity during pregnancy","volume":"46","author":"Kong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2024.104143","article-title":"Effects of an mHealth intervention on maternal and infant outcomes from pregnancy to early postpartum for women with overweight or obesity: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"138","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.28166","article-title":"Effect of lifestyle intervention on dietary habits, physical activity, and gestational weight gain in obese pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"91","author":"Guelinckx","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606_bib0104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1080\/09637486.2020.1852191","article-title":"Myo-inositol supplementation to prevent gestational diabetes in overweight non-obese women: bioelectrical impedance analysis, metabolic aspects, obstetric and neonatal outcomes - a randomized and open-label, placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"72","author":"Vitale","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Food Sci Nutr"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589933325000072?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2589933325000072?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T05:14:14Z","timestamp":1740978854000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2589933325000072"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":104,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S2589933325000072"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-9333"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-9333","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Systematic review of interventions in early pregnancy among pregnant individuals at risk for hyperglycemia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2025.101606","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101606"}}