{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T23:46:39Z","timestamp":1781307999889,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,1]],"date-time":"2017-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491004800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,1]],"date-time":"2017-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491004800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asian Journal of Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,21]],"date-time":"2017-01-21T12:30:34Z","timestamp":1485001834000},"page":"70-76","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Electroencephalogram alpha-to-theta ratio over left fronto-temporal region correlates with negative symptoms in schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Sayantanava","family":"Mitra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shamsul Haque","family":"Nizamie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nishant","family":"Goyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sai Krishna","family":"Tikka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0005","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th Edition-Text Revision)","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0010","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0015","series-title":"The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS)","author":"Andreasen","year":"1983"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2009.09.036","article-title":"Low-frequency EEG oscillations associated with information processing in schizophrenia","volume":"115","author":"Bates","year":"2009","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.2000.101004307.x","article-title":"Quantitative EEG in \u2018positive\u2019 and \u2018negative\u2019 schizophrenia","volume":"101","author":"Begic","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04250yel","article-title":"Prevalence of negative symptoms in outpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders treated with antipsychotics in routine clinical practice: findings from the CLAMORS study","volume":"71","author":"Bobes","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2007.11.020","article-title":"The status of spectral EEG abnormality as a diagnostic test for schizophrenia","volume":"99","author":"Boutros","year":"2008","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbl057","article-title":"Persistent negative symptoms in schizophrenia: an overview","volume":"33","author":"Buchanan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.07.030","article-title":"Lateralized cognitive dysfunction and psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia","volume":"80","author":"Caligiuri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/1.11.37","article-title":"The diagnosis and understanding of schizophrenia. Part I. Use of signs and symptoms for the identification of schizophrenic patients","volume":"11","author":"Carpenter","year":"1974","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.145.5.578","article-title":"Deficit and nondeficit forms of schizophrenia: the concept","volume":"145","author":"Carpenter","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0060","series-title":"A User Guide to General Health Questionnaire","author":"Goldberg","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4927(03)00067-2","article-title":"A Tc-99 HMPAO SPECT study of regional cerebral blood flow in drug-free schizophrenic patients with deficit and non-deficit syndrome","volume":"123","author":"Gonul","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbj011","article-title":"Negative symptoms and cognitive deficits: what is the nature of their relationship?","volume":"32","author":"Harvey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3737-05c.2006","article-title":"The cognitive correlates of human brain oscillations","volume":"26","author":"Kahana","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/13.2.261","article-title":"The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia","volume":"13","author":"Kay","year":"1987","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.58.2.165","article-title":"A separate disease within the syndrome of schizophrenia","volume":"58","author":"Kirkpatrick","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch. Gen. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2011.02293.x","article-title":"Reduced left uncinate fasciculus fractional anisotropy in deficit schizophrenia but not in non-deficit schizophrenia","volume":"66","author":"Kitis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(94)90119-8","article-title":"Spatial patterns in the background EEG underlying mental disease in man","volume":"91","author":"Koles","year":"1994","journal-title":"Electro-encephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0100","series-title":"Dementia Praecox and Paraphrenia","author":"Kraepelin","year":"1919"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2012.03.033","article-title":"Frontal delta power associated with negative symptoms in ultra-high risk individuals who transitioned to psychosis","volume":"138","author":"Lavoie","year":"2012","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0110","unstructured":"Lewis S., Escalona P.R., Keith S.J., 2009. Phenomenology of Schizophrenia. In (Ed.) Sadock BJ, Sadock V, Ruiz P. Kaplan and Sadock\u2019s Comprehensive textbook of Psychiatry. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-9964(96)88522-7","article-title":"Negative symptoms and EEG alpha in schizophrenia: a replication","volume":"19","author":"Merrin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.12.012","article-title":"Unchanging mirror neuron activity in schizophrenia patients over 4 weeks of treatment: evidence from a 192 channel quantitative electroencephalography study","volume":"76","author":"Mitra","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12301","article-title":"Evaluation of resting state gamma power as a response marker in schizophrenia","volume":"69","author":"Mitra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbr056","article-title":"High vs low frequency neural oscillations in schizophrenia","volume":"37","author":"Moran","year":"2011","journal-title":"Schizophr. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0135","first-page":"411","article-title":"Barriers to employment for people with schizophrenia","volume":"163","author":"Mulert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.163.3.411","article-title":"Barriers to employment for people with schizophrenia","volume":"163","author":"Rosenheck","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0145","series-title":"Clinical Psychopathology","author":"Schneider","year":"1959"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2008.09.012","article-title":"Low-frequency neuronal oscillations as instruments of sensory selection","volume":"32","author":"Schroeder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.2.234","article-title":"Structural abnormalities in frontal, temporal, and limbic regions and interconnecting white matter tracts in schizophrenic patients with prominent negative symptoms","volume":"158","author":"Sigmundsson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.2.234","article-title":"Structural abnormalities in frontal, temporal, and limbic regions and interconnecting white matter tracts in schizophrenic patients with prominent negative symptoms","volume":"158","author":"Sigmundsson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301480","article-title":"Clinical and neuropsychological correlates of white matter abnormalities in recent onset schizophrenia","volume":"33","author":"Szeszko","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(99)00163-2","article-title":"Phasic and enduring negative symptoms: biological markers and relationship to outcome","volume":"45","author":"Tandon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.04.016","article-title":"Dynamic network communication as a unifying neural basis for cognition, development, aging, and disease","volume":"77","author":"Voytek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4927(01)00109-3","article-title":"Prefrontal cortex, negative symptoms, and schizophrenia: an MRI study","volume":"108","author":"Wible","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res. Neuroimaging Sect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2006.06.007","article-title":"Negative symptoms: a review of schizophrenia, melancholic depression and Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"70","author":"Winograd-Gurvich","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0190","series-title":"The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders: Diagnostic Criteria for Research","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0195","series-title":"The Tenth Revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2010.08.031","article-title":"EEG spectral power and negative symptoms in at-risk individuals predict transition to psychosis","volume":"123","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8760(00)00172-0","article-title":"Different frequencies for different scales of cortical integration: from local gamma to long range alpha\/theta synchronization","volume":"38","author":"von Stein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Psychophysiol."}],"container-title":["Asian Journal of Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876201816304178?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1876201816304178?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T16:29:46Z","timestamp":1761755386000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1876201816304178"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S1876201816304178"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["1876-2018"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1876-2018","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Electroencephalogram alpha-to-theta ratio over left fronto-temporal region correlates with negative symptoms in schizophrenia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Asian Journal of Psychiatry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajp.2017.01.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}