{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T09:49:02Z","timestamp":1787910542932,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]],"date-time":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585699200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asian Journal of Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,19]],"date-time":"2020-03-19T17:17:49Z","timestamp":1584638269000},"page":"102001","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Screening for cognitive impairment among the elderly attending the noncommunicable diseases clinics in a rural area of Punjab, North India"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Madhur","family":"Verma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2714-2055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandeep","family":"Grover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3674-8227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tarundeep","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neha","family":"Dahiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritu","family":"Nehra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-4958.175791","article-title":"Disability among the elder population of india: a public health concern","author":"Agrawal","year":"2016","journal-title":"JMS - J. Med. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(99)00100-6","article-title":"The influence of noncognitive factors on the Mini-Mental State Examination in older Mexican-Americans: findings from the Hispanic EPESE. Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly","volume":"52","author":"Black","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/19.2.91","article-title":"The association of education and socioeconomic status with the mini mental state examination and the clinical diagnosis of dementia in elderly people","volume":"19","author":"Brayne","year":"1990","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.105197","article-title":"Dementia: Indian scenario","volume":"60","author":"Das","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurol. India"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0025","first-page":"8","article-title":"The prevalence of cognitive impairment amongst type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"4","author":"Eze","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Metab. Syndr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","article-title":"\u201cMini-mental state\u201d. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician","volume":"12","author":"Folstein","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.930100505","article-title":"A hindi version of the MMSE: the development of a cognitive screening instrument for a largely illiterate rural elderly population in india","volume":"10","author":"Ganguli","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2015.09.003","article-title":"The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment with type 2 diabetes mellitus among elderly people in China: a cross-sectional study","volume":"62","author":"Gao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/179648","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms in elderly patients with diabetes: prevalence, risk factors, and comorbidity","volume":"2014","author":"Gorska-Ciebiada","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0050","first-page":"71","article-title":"Positive aspects of caregiving experience among caregivers of patients with dementia","volume":"27","author":"Grover","year":"2017","journal-title":"East Asian Arch. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2019.06.001","article-title":"Loneliness and its correlates amongst elderly attending non-communicable disease rural clinic attached to a tertiary care centre of North India","author":"Grover","year":"2019","journal-title":"Asian J. Psychiatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0060","first-page":"11688","article-title":"Association between cognitive impairment and poor antihypertensive medication adherence in elderly hypertensive patients without dementia","volume":"8","author":"Hee Cho","year":"2018","journal-title":"OPEN"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpv180","article-title":"Hypertension and its role in cognitive function: current evidence and challenges for the future","volume":"29","author":"Hughes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Hypertens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0070","series-title":"Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure [WWW Document]","author":"Joint National Committee 7","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-015-9985-y","article-title":"The prevalence and predictors of depression in type 2 diabetic population of Punjab","volume":"52","author":"Khullar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Community Ment. Health J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2007-0034","article-title":"Cognitive dysfunction and diabetes mellitus","author":"Kodl","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0026","DOI":"10.5041\/RMMJ.10092","article-title":"Cognitive decline and dementia in the oldest-Old","volume":"3","author":"Kravitz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rambam Maimonides Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.4103\/jnsbm.JNSBM_90_18","article-title":"Screening for mild cognitive impairment among noncommunicable disease patients attending a rural primary health center in Puducherry, South India","volume":"10","author":"Krishnamoorthy","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Nat. Sci. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"P271","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/48.6.P271","article-title":"Are age and education independent correlates of the Mini-Mental State Exam performance of community-dwelling elderly?","volume":"48","author":"Launer","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Gerontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0100","first-page":"17","article-title":"Cognitive impairment and hypertension in older adults living in extreme poverty: a cross-sectional study in Peru","author":"Lazo-Porras","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0105","series-title":"Marital Status and Living Situation During a 5-Year Period Are Associated With a Subsequent 10-Year Cognitive Decline in Older Men","author":"Maria Van Gelder","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001120","article-title":"Blood pressure variability and cognitive decline in older people: a 5-year longitudinal study","volume":"35","author":"McDonald","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329170001480X","article-title":"The influence of education and social class on the diagnosis of dementia in a community population","volume":"21","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"1991","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0120","unstructured":"OpenEpi: Sample Size for X-Sectional,Cohort,and Clinical Trials [WWW Document], n.d. URL https:\/\/www.openepi.com\/SampleSize\/SSCohort.htm (Accessed 10.22.19)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.2011.02645.x","article-title":"Arterial stiffness as a cause of cognitive decline and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"42","author":"Pase","year":"2012","journal-title":"Intern. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.4103\/ijcm.IJCM_102_17","article-title":"Prevalence study of cognitive impairment and its associated sociodemographic variables using mini-mental status examination among elderly population residing in field practice areas of a medical college","volume":"43","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J. Community Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0135","series-title":"State Inequality, Socioeconomic Position and Subjective Cognitive Decline in the United States","first-page":"7","author":"Peterson","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-2327.85874","article-title":"An epidemiological study of dementia among the habitants of eastern Uttar Pradesh, India","volume":"14","author":"Poddar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Indian Acad. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.39.3.472","article-title":"The revised UCLA loneliness scale: concurrent and discriminant validity evidence","volume":"39","author":"Russell","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Pers. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/43.1.110","article-title":"Validity of self-report screening scale for elder abuse: women\u2019s health australia study","volume":"43","author":"Schofield","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.168.6.745","article-title":"An epidemiological study of dementia in a rural community in Kerala, India","volume":"168","author":"Shaji","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.186.2.136","article-title":"Prevalence of dementia in an urban population in Kerala, India","volume":"186","author":"Shaji","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.4103\/2277-8632.117182","article-title":"Prevalence of cognitive impairment and related factors among elderly: a population-based study","volume":"2","author":"Sharma","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Dr. NTR Univ. Heal. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001170","article-title":"Prevalence, distribution, and impact of mild cognitive impairment in Latin America, China, and India: a 10\/66 population-based study","volume":"9","author":"Sosa","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","article-title":"A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder the GAD-7","volume":"166","author":"Spitzer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610208007916","article-title":"Applicability of the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Hindi Mental State Examination (HMSE) to the urban elderly in India: a pilot study","volume":"21","author":"Tiwari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. psychogeriatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1992.tb01992.x","article-title":"The mini\u2010mental state examination: a comprehensive review","volume":"40","author":"Tombaugh","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-1166(200007)15:7<662::AID-GPS171>3.0.CO;2-5","article-title":"Hindi Mental State Examination (HMSE) as a screening test for illiterate demented patients","volume":"15","author":"Tsolaki","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.9.1948","article-title":"Cognitive decline in individuals with high blood pressure: a longitudinal study in the elderly. EVA Study Group. Epidemiology of Vascular Aging","volume":"53","author":"Tzourio","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0200","series-title":"World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision, Volume I: Comprehensive Tables [WWW Document]","author":"United Nations","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.4103\/jgmh.jgmh_8_17","article-title":"Disability and caregiver burden: relation to elder abuse","volume":"5","author":"Vaidyanathan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Geriatr. Ment. Heal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0210","first-page":"106","article-title":"Co-existing non-communicable diseases and mental illnesses amongst the elderly in Punjab, India","volume":"15","author":"Verma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0215","article-title":"Definition","author":"World health organisation","year":"1999","journal-title":"diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications [WWW Document]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0220","unstructured":"World health Organisation, n.d. Female life expectancy [WWW Document]. URL https:\/\/www.who.int\/gho\/women_and_health\/mortality\/situation_trends_life_expectancy\/en\/ (Accessed 2.5.20)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0225","series-title":"Global Report on Diabetes [WWW Document]","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0230","first-page":"292","article-title":"Glycosylated hemoglobin level and development of mild cognitive impairment or dementia in older women","volume":"10","author":"Yaffe","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Heal. Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(82)90033-4","article-title":"Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report","volume":"17","author":"Yesavage","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S97","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/44.3.S97","article-title":"Cognitive impairment among elderly adults in Shanghai, China","volume":"44","author":"Yu","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Gerontol."}],"container-title":["Asian Journal of Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S187620182030112X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S187620182030112X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T16:34:29Z","timestamp":1761755669000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S187620182030112X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S187620182030112X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1876-2018"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1876-2018","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Screening for cognitive impairment among the elderly attending the noncommunicable diseases clinics in a rural area of Punjab, North India","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Asian Journal of Psychiatry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajp.2020.102001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102001"}}