{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:21:29Z","timestamp":1791346889528,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,13]],"date-time":"2019-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3268,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DA22177"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DA22177"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DA12815"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DA12815"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DA27550"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DA27550"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajp.amjpathol.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,27]],"date-time":"2011-01-27T04:24:00Z","timestamp":1296102240000},"page":"41-47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Inhibition of Anti-HIV MicroRNA Expression"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"178","author":[{"given":"Xu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Man-Qing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dun-Jin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Zhe","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(00)00181-2","article-title":"Opioids, opioid receptors, and the immune response","volume":"62","author":"McCarthy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.4.2.127-132.1997","article-title":"Immunoregulatory effects of morphine on human lymphocytes","volume":"4","author":"Nair","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)22252-2","article-title":"Natural killer cell activity and lymphocyte subsets in parenteral heroin abusers and long-term methadone maintenance patients","volume":"250","author":"Novick","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib4","first-page":"421","article-title":"In vitro studies of the effect of methadone on natural killer cell activity","volume":"26","author":"Ochshorn","year":"1990","journal-title":"Isr J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(93)90508-T","article-title":"Mechanisms of morphine-induced immunomodulation","volume":"46","author":"Peterson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(97)00216-6","article-title":"Opiates and infection","volume":"83","author":"Risdahl","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(90)90096-A","article-title":"Morphine inhibition of lymphocyte activity is mediated by an opioid dependent mechanism","volume":"29","author":"Bayer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3907","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.138.11.3907","article-title":"Opioid-mediated suppression of cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cell respiratory burst activity","volume":"138","author":"Peterson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevImmunol.v16.i2.10","article-title":"Opioid and opiate immunoregulatory processes","volume":"16","author":"Stefano","year":"1996","journal-title":"Crit Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(93)90122-J","article-title":"Morphine treatment in vitro or in vivo decreases phagocytic functions of murine macrophages","volume":"53","author":"Rojavin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(02)00030-8","article-title":"Morphine induces apoptosis of human microglia and neurons","volume":"42","author":"Hu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.4.1886","article-title":"Morphine enhances macrophage apoptosis","volume":"160","author":"Singhal","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200304010-00010","article-title":"Modulation of infection and type 1 cytokine expression parameters by morphine during in vitro coinfection with human T-cell leukemia virus type I and HIV-1","volume":"32","author":"Nyland","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0305167","article-title":"Morphine inhibits CD8+ T cell-mediated, noncytolytic, anti-HIV activity in latently infected immune cells","volume":"78","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1136\/jim-50-06-03","article-title":"Morphine enhances HIV infection of human blood mononuclear phagocytes through modulation of beta chemokines and CCR5 receptor","volume":"50","author":"Guo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Investig Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000074973.83826.4C","article-title":"Morphine enhances HIV infection of neonatal macrophages","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1086\/338011","article-title":"Methadone enhances human immunodeficiency virus infection of human immune cells","volume":"185","author":"Li","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199009000-00006","article-title":"Morphine promotes the growth of HIV-1 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell cocultures","volume":"4","author":"Peterson","year":"1990","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(03)00015-1","article-title":"Mu-opioid modulation of HIV-1 coreceptor expression and HIV-1 replication","volume":"309","author":"Steele","year":"2003","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/20.6.1467","article-title":"Injection drug use and human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"20","author":"Alcabes","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199403000-00007","article-title":"Continued drug use and other cofactors for progression to AIDS among injecting drug users","volume":"8","author":"Ronald","year":"1994","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib22","first-page":"485","article-title":"Drugs of abuse and infectious diseases","volume":"81","author":"Specter","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Fla Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-09-175000","article-title":"Cellular microRNA expression correlates with susceptibility of monocytes\/macrophages to HIV-1 infection","volume":"113","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000263","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000263","article-title":"miR-198 inhibits HIV-1 gene expression and replication in monocytes and its mechanism of action appears to involve repression of cyclin T1","volume":"5","author":"Sung","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.09.183","article-title":"Targets for human encoded microRNAs in HIV genes","volume":"337","author":"Hariharan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-5-117","article-title":"Human cellular microRNA hsa-miR-29a interferes with viral nef protein expression and HIV-1 replication","volume":"5","author":"Ahluwalia","year":"2008","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2009.06.003","article-title":"Cellular microRNA and P bodies modulate host-HIV-1 interactions","volume":"34","author":"Nathans","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1639","article-title":"Cellular microRNAs contribute to HIV-1 latency in resting primary CD4+ T lymphocytes","volume":"13","author":"Huang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2252","article-title":"Micromanagement of the immune system by microRNAs","volume":"8","author":"Lodish","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1995.1016","article-title":"Vpr is required for efficient replication of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 in mononuclear phagocytes","volume":"206","author":"Connor","year":"1995","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1105642","article-title":"Naltrexone inhibits alcohol-mediated enhancement of HIV infection of T lymphocytes","volume":"79","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-006-9059-6","article-title":"Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist (aprepitant) inhibits drug-resistant HIV-1 infection of macrophages in vitro","volume":"2","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neuroimmune Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3834","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01773-08","article-title":"Lambda interferon inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of macrophages","volume":"83","author":"Hou","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2916","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22110","article-title":"Activation of Toll-like receptors inhibits herpes simplex virus-1 infection of human neuronal cells","volume":"87","author":"Zhou","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2007.02.001","article-title":"Proteomic analyses of methamphetamine (METH)-induced differential protein expression by immature dendritic cells (IDC)","volume":"1774","author":"Reynolds","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06205","article-title":"Interferon modulation of cellular microRNAs as an antiviral mechanism","volume":"449","author":"Pedersen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199807000-00008","article-title":"HIV-1 DNA and mRNA concentrations are similar in peripheral blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages in HIV-1-infected individuals","volume":"12","author":"Lewin","year":"1998","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5320.1857","article-title":"Macrophages as a source of HIV during opportunistic infections","volume":"276","author":"Orenstein","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115559","article-title":"Increased susceptibility of differentiated mononuclear phagocytes to productive infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)","volume":"89","author":"Rich","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkf143","article-title":"HIV-1 in peripheral blood monocytes: an underrated viral source","volume":"50","author":"Zhu","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Antimicrobial Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8356453","article-title":"Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of HIV-1 patients with primary infection","volume":"261","author":"Zhu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2010.03270.x","article-title":"A critical function of toll-like receptor-3 in the induction of anti-human immunodeficiency virus activities in macrophages","volume":"131","author":"Zhou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0610731104","article-title":"MicroRNA-155 is induced during the macrophage inflammatory response","volume":"104","author":"O'Connell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2022","DOI":"10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-09-0319","article-title":"The modulation of microRNAs by type I IFN through the activation of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 in human glioma","volume":"7","author":"Ohno","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-200205010-00002","article-title":"Inhibition of morphine-potentiated HIV-1 replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells with the nuclease-resistant 2-5A agonist analog, 2-5A(N6B)","volume":"30","author":"Homan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0192-0561(97)00017-9","article-title":"Effects of morphine on purified human blood monocytes: modifications of properties involved in antiviral defences","volume":"19","author":"Stoll-Keller","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Immunopharmacol"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002944010000891?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002944010000891?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T13:59:18Z","timestamp":1757599158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002944010000891"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002944010000891"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9440"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9440","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Inhibition of Anti-HIV MicroRNA Expression","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Pathology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.11.042","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2011 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}