{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T23:09:50Z","timestamp":1776899390045,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,1]],"date-time":"2014-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1391212800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,10]],"date-time":"2015-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":343,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,21]],"date-time":"2013-12-21T14:45:50Z","timestamp":1387637150000},"page":"483-493","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["CD4+ T Cells and IFN-\u03b3 Are Required for the Development of Pneumocystis-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"184","author":[{"given":"Steve D.","family":"Swain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dan W.","family":"Siemsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca R.","family":"Pullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soo","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.04.012","article-title":"Updated clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension","volume":"54","author":"Simonneau","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2010.03285.x","article-title":"Inflammation, immunological reaction and role of infection in pulmonary hypertension","volume":"17","author":"Pullamsetti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.95.08122129","article-title":"Cellular and molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of severe pulmonary hypertension","volume":"8","author":"Voelkel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2143(98)90020-8","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension and inflammation","volume":"132","author":"Tuder","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L50","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00048.2010","article-title":"Lack of CCR7 induces pulmonary hypertension involving perivascular leukocyte infiltration and inflammation","volume":"301","author":"Larsen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-9-20","article-title":"Peripheral blood B lymphocytes derived from patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension express a different RNA pattern compared with healthy controls: a cross sectional study","volume":"9","author":"Ulrich","year":"2008","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5687(98)00006-1","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines in BAL fluid and pulmonary hemodynamics in high-altitude pulmonary edema","volume":"111","author":"Kubo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Respir Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00038903","article-title":"Inflammation in pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"22","author":"Dorfm\u00fcller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2004.06.003","article-title":"Decreased numbers of T-lymphocytes and predominance of recently recruited macrophages in the walls of peripheral pulmonary arteries from 26 patients with pulmonary hypertension secondary to congenital cardiac shunts","volume":"13","author":"Pinto","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2843","article-title":"Heterogeneity of human effector CD4+ T cells","volume":"11","author":"Annunziato","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20071008","article-title":"Pulmonary arterial remodeling induced by a Th2 immune response","volume":"205","author":"Daley","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200912-1827ED","article-title":"Th2 inflammation, hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor\/FIZZ1, and pulmonary hypertension and vascular remodeling in schistosomiasis","volume":"181","author":"Johns","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5539","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0904021","article-title":"Hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor (HIMF\/FIZZ1\/RELMalpha) increases lung inflammation and activates pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells via an IL-4-dependent mechanism","volume":"185","author":"Yamaji-Kegan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L582","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.90526.2008","article-title":"Hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor (HIMF\/FIZZ1\/RELMalpha) induces the vascular and hemodynamic changes of pulmonary hypertension","volume":"296","author":"Angelini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-011-9400-3","article-title":"Inhalation of Stachybotrys chartarum evokes pulmonary arterial remodeling in mice, attenuated by Rho-kinase inhibitor","volume":"172","author":"Nagayoshi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2010.100063","article-title":"Schistosomiasis-induced experimental pulmonary hypertension: role of interleukin-13 signaling","volume":"177","author":"Graham","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30318","article-title":"Interferon and alternative activation of monocyte\/macrophages in systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension","volume":"63","author":"Christmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib18","first-page":"293","article-title":"Soluble immune mediators in POEMS syndrome with pulmonary hypertension: case report and review of the literature","volume":"10","author":"Feinberg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24297","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.032524","article-title":"Synergistic induction of endothelin-1 by tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma is due to enhanced NF-kappaB binding and histone acetylation at specific kappaB sites","volume":"284","author":"Wort","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60689-9","article-title":"Interferon gamma for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"374","author":"Bouros","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1177\/039463201202500314","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: prevalence and clinical progress","volume":"25","author":"Castria","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.070178","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension can be a sequela of prior Pneumocystis pneumonia","volume":"171","author":"Swain","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6213","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.11.6213-6221.2003","article-title":"Absence of the macrophage mannose receptor in mice does not increase susceptibility to Pneumocystis carinii infection in\u00a0vivo","volume":"71","author":"Swain","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/18.1.207","article-title":"Genesis: cluster analysis of microarray data","volume":"18","author":"Sturn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2006.11.002","article-title":"IL-12p40: an inherently agonistic cytokine","volume":"28","author":"Cooper","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends in Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4040","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.6.4040","article-title":"IL-12p40 and IL-18 modulate inflammatory and immune responses to respiratory syncytial virus infection","volume":"173","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2008.03131.x","article-title":"IL-12p40 is essential for the down-regulation of airway hyperresponsiveness in a mouse model of bronchial asthma with prolonged antigen exposure","volume":"39","author":"Onari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib28","series-title":"Fungal Immunology: From an Organ Perspective","first-page":"291","article-title":"Antibody-mediated immunity to Pneumocystis in the lungs","author":"Garvy","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI6688","article-title":"Immune-mediated inflammation directly impairs pulmonary function, contributing to the pathogenesis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia","volume":"104","author":"Wright","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1053\/pcad.2002.130041","article-title":"Molecular and cellular basis of pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension","volume":"45","author":"Jeffery","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1200861","article-title":"Memory CD4+ T cells are required for optimal NK Cell effector functions against the opportunistic fungal pathogen Pneumocystis murina","volume":"190","author":"Kelly","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI21767","article-title":"T cell-mediated vascular dysfunction of human allografts results from IFN-gamma dysregulation of NO synthase","volume":"114","author":"Koh","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00265.2004","article-title":"Global gene annotation analysis and transcriptional profiling identify key biological modules in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension","volume":"22","author":"Gharib","year":"2005","journal-title":"Physiol Genomics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.88.6.555","article-title":"Gene expression patterns in the lungs of patients with primary pulmonary hypertension: a gene microarray analysis","volume":"88","author":"Geraci","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2006.11.010","article-title":"Pathology of pulmonary hypertension","volume":"28","author":"Tuder","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e91","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.20-11-e91","article-title":"Mechanisms of structural remodeling in chronic pulmonary hypertension","volume":"20","author":"Durmowicz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000174287.17953.83","article-title":"Inhibition of Rho-kinase attenuates hypoxia-induced angiogenesis in the pulmonary circulation","volume":"97","author":"Hyvelin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1097\/MOT.0b013e32831b70c2","article-title":"Relative roles of Th1 and Th17 effector cells in allograft rejection","volume":"14","author":"Atalar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Organ Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623311428481","article-title":"Cellular and molecular mechanisms of autoimmune disease","volume":"40","author":"Bolon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Toxicol Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3105","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-09-380840","article-title":"Selective expansion of polyfunctional pathogen-specific CD4(+) T cells in HIV-1-infected patients with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome","volume":"119","author":"Mahnke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit285","article-title":"Skewing of the CD4(+) T-cell pool toward monofunctional antigen-specific responses in patients with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in The Gambia","volume":"57","author":"Wilson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3818","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-05-285080","article-title":"Elevated frequencies of highly activated CD4+ T cells in HIV+ patients developing immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome","volume":"116","author":"Antonelli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib43","article-title":"Graves\u2019 disease as immune reconstitution disease in HIV-positive patients is associated with naive and primary thymic emigrant CD4 T-cell recovery","author":"Sheikh","year":"2013","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2712","article-title":"Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: the trouble with immunity when you had none","volume":"10","author":"Barber","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200704-541OC","article-title":"Prevalence of HIV-related pulmonary arterial hypertension in the current antiretroviral therapy era","volume":"177","author":"Sitbon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.05.198","article-title":"Induction of apoptosis and endothelin-1 secretion in primary human lung endothelial cells by HIV-1 gp120 proteins","volume":"333","author":"Kanmogne","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002944013007839?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002944013007839?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,5]],"date-time":"2019-08-05T07:33:02Z","timestamp":1564990382000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002944013007839"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002944013007839"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.10.027","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9440"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9440","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]}}}