{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T07:37:29Z","timestamp":1778225849694,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]],"date-time":"2015-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433116800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,13]],"date-time":"2019-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1656,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000833","name":"Rosetrees Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000833","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","journals.elsevierhealth.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,25]],"date-time":"2015-04-25T17:35:15Z","timestamp":1429983315000},"page":"1769-1782","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Hyperoxia Depletes (6R)-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobiopterin Levels in the Neonatal Retina"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Kevin S.","family":"Edgar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nuria","family":"Matesanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom A.","family":"Gardiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zvonimir S.","family":"Katusic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise M.","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.244","article-title":"Incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in infants born before 27 weeks' gestation in Sweden","volume":"127","author":"Austeng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4738","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-07-04738.1995","article-title":"Development of retinal vasculature is mediated by hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression by neuroglia","volume":"15","author":"Stone","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1095-1024","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor acts as a survival factor for newly formed retinal vessels and has implications for retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"1","author":"Alon","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.37.9.513","article-title":"Role of oxygen in the genesis of retrolental fibroplasia: a preliminary report","volume":"37","author":"Ashton","year":"1953","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e31820a67e4","article-title":"Meta-analysis of endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection of anti vascular endothelial growth factor agents: causative organisms and possible prevention strategies","volume":"31","author":"McCannel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3554","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003554","article-title":"Endogenous VEGF is required for visual function: evidence for a survival role on Muller cells and photoreceptors","volume":"3","author":"Saint-Geniez","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib7","first-page":"222","article-title":"Reduced severity of oxygen-induced retinopathy in eNOS-deficient mice","volume":"42","author":"Brooks","year":"2001","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2005.02.004","article-title":"New insights into the retinal circulation: inflammatory lipid mediators in ischemic retinopathy","volume":"72","author":"Hardy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-1356","article-title":"Activated NAD(P)H oxidase from supplemental oxygen induces neovascularization independent of VEGF in retinopathy of prematurity model","volume":"49","author":"Saito","year":"2008","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.21122","article-title":"Hyperoxia inhibits several critical aspects of vascular development","volume":"236","author":"Uno","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev Dyn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.19.3.656","article-title":"Upregulation of superoxide dismutase and nitric oxide synthase mediates the apoptosis-suppressive effects of shear stress on endothelial cells","volume":"19","author":"Dimmeler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6823","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.11.6823","article-title":"Nitric oxide inhibits caspase-3 by S-nitrosation in\u00a0vivo","volume":"274","author":"Rossig","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2625","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119451","article-title":"Nitric oxide synthase lies downstream from vascular endothelial growth factor-induced but not basic fibroblast growth factor-induced angiogenesis","volume":"99","author":"Ziche","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9220","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.16.9220","article-title":"Superoxide generation by endothelial nitric oxide synthase: the influence of cofactors","volume":"95","author":"Vasquez-Vivar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25804","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.40.25804","article-title":"Superoxide generation from endothelial nitric-oxide synthase: a Ca2+\/calmodulin-dependent and tetrahydrobiopterin regulatory process","volume":"273","author":"Xia","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1999.1422","article-title":"Oxidation of tetrahydrobiopterin by peroxynitrite: implications for vascular endothelial function","volume":"263","author":"Milstien","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1336","article-title":"Trans-arachidonic acids generated during nitrative stress induce a thrombospondin-1-dependent microvascular degeneration","volume":"11","author":"Kermorvant-Duchemin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.109.157941","article-title":"Early intervention of tyrosine nitration prevents vaso-obliteration and neovascularization in ischemic retinopathy","volume":"332","author":"Abdelsaid","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6833","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-9797","article-title":"eNOS overexpression exacerbates vascular closure in the obliterative phase of OIR and increases angiogenic drive in the subsequent proliferative stage","volume":"53","author":"Edgar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.21.4.496","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species mediate endothelium-dependent relaxations in tetrahydrobiopterin-deficient mice","volume":"21","author":"Cosentino","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI17786","article-title":"Tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent preservation of nitric oxide-mediated endothelial function in diabetes by targeted transgenic GTP-cyclohydrolase I over-expression","volume":"119","author":"Alp","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2126","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000162470.26840.89","article-title":"Pivotal role for endothelial tetrahydrobiopterin in pulmonary hypertension","volume":"111","author":"Khoo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2086","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000163268.32638.F4","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in a GTP-cyclohydrolase 1-deficient mouse","volume":"111","author":"Nandi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2012.07872.x","article-title":"Uncoupling of eNOS causes superoxide anion production and impairs NO signaling in the cerebral microvessels of hph-1 mice","volume":"122","author":"Santhanam","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25722","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)35667-9","article-title":"Tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis: an absolute requirement for cytokine-induced nitric oxide generation by vascular smooth muscle","volume":"267","author":"Gross","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000153669.24827.DF","article-title":"Cytokine-stimulated GTP cyclohydrolase I expression in endothelial cells requires coordinated activation of nuclear factor-{kappa}B and Stat1\/Stat3","volume":"96","author":"Huang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/118.2.299","article-title":"hph-1: A mouse mutant with hereditary hyperphenylalaninemia induced by ethylnitrosourea mutagenesis","volume":"118","author":"Bode","year":"1988","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.2379","article-title":"Molecular characterization of HPH-1: a mouse mutant deficient in GTP cyclohydrolase I activity","volume":"203","author":"Gutlich","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1988.tb02961.x","article-title":"Biochemical defect of the hph-1 mouse mutant is a deficiency in GTP-cyclohydrolase activity","volume":"50","author":"McDonald","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1194-236","article-title":"Hereditary progressive dystonia with marked diurnal fluctuation caused by mutations in the GTP cyclohydrolase I gene","volume":"8","author":"Ichinose","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(96)00892-X","article-title":"Impairment of the nitric oxide\/cyclic GMP pathway in cerebellar slices prepared from the hph-1 mouse","volume":"735","author":"Brand","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1999.0732563.x","article-title":"Stimulation of the brain NO\/cyclic GMP pathway by peripheral administration of tetrahydrobiopterin in the hph-1 mouse","volume":"73","author":"Canevari","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib33","first-page":"101","article-title":"Oxygen-induced retinopathy in the mouse","volume":"35","author":"Smith","year":"1994","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000049166.33035.62","article-title":"Long-term vitamin C treatment increases vascular tetrahydrobiopterin levels and nitric oxide synthase activity","volume":"92","author":"d'Uscio","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3291","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4344","article-title":"Reduced nitro-oxidative stress and neural cell death suggests a protective role for microglial cells in TNF-\/- mice in ischemic retinopathy","volume":"51","author":"Stevenson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2006.03.008","article-title":"Radiochemical HPLC detection of arginine metabolism: measurement of nitric oxide synthesis and arginase activity in vascular tissue","volume":"16","author":"de Bono","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e110604","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110604","article-title":"Arginase 2 deficiency prevents oxidative stress and limits hyperoxia-induced retinal vascular degeneration","volume":"9","author":"Suwanpradid","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14989","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2039-13.2013","article-title":"Circadian rhythm of contrast sensitivity is regulated by a dopamine-neuronal PAS-domain protein 2-adenylyl cyclase 1 signaling pathway in retinal ganglion cells","volume":"33","author":"Hwang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2013.12.001","article-title":"Circadian organization of the mammalian retina: from gene regulation to physiology and diseases","volume":"39","author":"McMahon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4072","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-1638","article-title":"Oxygen distribution and consumption in the developing rat retina","volume":"47","author":"Cringle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1873","article-title":"The succinate receptor GPR91 in neurons has a major role in retinal angiogenesis","volume":"14","author":"Sapieha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.012","article-title":"Pulmonary hypertension in the newborn GTP cyclohydrolase I-deficient mouse","volume":"51","author":"Belik","year":"2013","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2715","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2010.100526","article-title":"Postnatal weight gain modifies severity and functional outcome of oxygen-induced proliferative retinopathy","volume":"177","author":"Stahl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C546","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00424.2002","article-title":"Hyperoxia induces retinal vascular endothelial cell apoptosis through formation of peroxynitrite","volume":"285","author":"Gu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib45","first-page":"2528","article-title":"Peroxynitrite mediates VEGF's angiogenic signal and function via a nitration-independent mechanism in endothelial cells","volume":"21","author":"El-Remessy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4204","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23148","article-title":"Characterization of nitric oxide signaling pathways in the mouse retina","volume":"520","author":"Blom","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2011.10.045","article-title":"Nitric oxide signaling in the retina: what have we learned in two decades?","volume":"1430","author":"Vielma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1038\/87895","article-title":"The neurotransmitter dopamine inhibits angiogenesis induced by vascular permeability factor\/vascular endothelial growth factor","volume":"7","author":"Basu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11823","article-title":"A direct and melanopsin-dependent fetal light response regulates mouse eye development","volume":"494","author":"Rao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002944015001856?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002944015001856?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T02:46:34Z","timestamp":1651805194000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002944015001856"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002944015001856"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9440"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9440","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Hyperoxia Depletes (6R)-5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobiopterin Levels in the Neonatal Retina","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Pathology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.021","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}