{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T14:55:20Z","timestamp":1781708120576,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajp.amjpathol.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]],"date-time":"2019-11-14T12:44:57Z","timestamp":1573735497000},"page":"286-294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Mycobacterial Trehalose 6,6\u2032-Dimycolate\u2013Induced M1-Type Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"190","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8272-5819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thao K.T.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"d'Aigle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Chinea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5232-7967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zainab","family":"Niaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert L.","family":"Hunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shen-An","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9265-7012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey K.","family":"Actor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3048","article-title":"The balance between protective and pathogenic immune responses in the TB-infected lung","volume":"16","author":"Orme","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12274","article-title":"T cells and adaptive immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in humans","volume":"264","author":"Jasenosky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ftw068","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/ftw068","article-title":"Macrophage form, function, and phenotype in mycobacterial infection: lessons from tuberculosis and other diseases","volume":"74","author":"McClean","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pathog Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-018-0710-0","article-title":"Macrophage-microbe interaction: lessons learned from the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"40","author":"BoseDasgupta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.01028","article-title":"Macrophage heterogeneity in the immunopathogenesis of tuberculosis","volume":"9","author":"Marakalala","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.MGM2-0005-2013","article-title":"Evasion of innate and adaptive immunity by Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"2","author":"Goldberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12268","article-title":"Immunoevasion and immunosuppression of the macrophage by Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"264","author":"Hmama","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"fty037","DOI":"10.1093\/femspd\/fty037","article-title":"Tuberculosis and the art of macrophage manipulation","volume":"76","author":"Upadhyay","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pathog Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0148738","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148738","article-title":"Modeling granulomas in response to infection in the lung","volume":"11","author":"Hao","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.02494-14","article-title":"Macrophage polarization drives granuloma outcome during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection","volume":"83","author":"Marino","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.MR0318-095RR","article-title":"Macrophage heterogeneity and plasticity in tuberculosis","volume":"106","author":"Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib12","first-page":"927","article-title":"Hemostatic changes in active pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"6","author":"Turken","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib13","first-page":"95","article-title":"The hemostatic changes in active pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"18","author":"Sezer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Turk J Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2014.10.006","article-title":"Pulmonary tuberculosis induces a systemic hypercoagulable state","volume":"70","author":"Kager","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1538","article-title":"Who puts the tubercle in tuberculosis?","volume":"5","author":"Russell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2010.00994.x","article-title":"For better or for worse: the immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis balances pathology and protection","volume":"240","author":"Dorhoi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib17","first-page":"8","article-title":"Studies on the virulence of Tubercle bacilli; the effect of cord factor on murine tuberculosis","volume":"36","author":"Bloch","year":"1955","journal-title":"Br J Exp Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.2.8306054","article-title":"Extravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis in murine lung inflammation induced by the mycobacterial cord factor trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate","volume":"149","author":"Perez","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.12.019","article-title":"Trehalose 6,6-dimycolate from mycobacterium tuberculosis induces hypercoagulation","volume":"186","author":"Donnachie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2019.04.019","article-title":"Mycobacterial trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate induced vascular occlusion is accompanied by subendothelial inflammation","volume":"116S","author":"Hwang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tuberculosis (Edinb)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5007","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.8.5007","article-title":"In\u00a0vivo activity of released cell wall lipids of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin is due principally to trehalose mycolates","volume":"174","author":"Geisel","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1089\/10799900050151067","article-title":"Cytokine message and protein expression during lung granuloma formation and resolution induced by the mycobacterial cord factor trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate","volume":"20","author":"Perez","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Interferon Cytokine Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2008\/016923-0","article-title":"A role for tumour necrosis factor-alpha, complement C5 and interleukin-6 in the initiation and development of the mycobacterial cord factor trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate induced granulomatous response","volume":"154","author":"Welsh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000474","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000474","article-title":"MARCO, TLR2, and CD14 are required for macrophage cytokine responses to mycobacterial trehalose dimycolate and Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"5","author":"Bowdish","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3360","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.2007\/010850-0","article-title":"Mycobacterial glycolipid trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate-induced hypersensitive granulomas: contribution of CD4+ lymphocytes","volume":"153","author":"Guidry","year":"2007","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.2.810-815.2001","article-title":"Trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate (cord factor) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis induces foreign-body- and hypersensitivity-type granulomas in mice","volume":"69","author":"Yamagami","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1089\/107999004323142222","article-title":"Failure of CD1D-\/- mice to elicit hypersensitive granulomas to mycobacterial cord factor trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate","volume":"24","author":"Guidry","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Interferon Cytokine Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.129.5.2179","article-title":"Immunopathology of BCG infection in genetically resistant and susceptible mouse strains","volume":"129","author":"Pelletier","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.11.1.57-64.1975","article-title":"Growth of mycobacterium bovis (BCG) in T lymphocyte-depleted mice","volume":"11","author":"Collins","year":"1975","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2089","article-title":"NIH Image to ImageJ: 25 years of image analysis","volume":"9","author":"Schneider","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0142979","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0142979","article-title":"IL4I1 is a novel regulator of M2 macrophage polarization that can inhibit T cell activation via L-tryptophan and arginine depletion and IL-10 production","volume":"10","author":"Yue","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0145342","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145342","article-title":"Novel markers to delineate murine M1 and M2 macrophages","volume":"10","author":"Jablonski","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01084","article-title":"Macrophage polarization: different gene signatures in M1(LPS+) vs. classically and M2(LPS-) vs. alternatively activated macrophages","volume":"10","author":"Orecchioni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01593","article-title":"CD38 is robustly induced in human macrophages and monocytes in inflammatory conditions","volume":"9","author":"Amici","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2072","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18102072","article-title":"Splitting the \u201cunsplittable\u201d: dissecting resident and infiltrating macrophages in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"18","author":"Koeniger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.07.016","article-title":"Most tissue-resident macrophages except microglia are derived from fetal hematopoietic stem cells","volume":"43","author":"Sheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201545493","article-title":"Versatile myeloid cell subsets contribute to tuberculosis-associated inflammation","volume":"45","author":"Dorhoi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7084","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.12.7084-7095.2004","article-title":"A mutant of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv that lacks expression of antigen 85A is attenuated in mice but retains vaccinogenic potential","volume":"72","author":"Copenhaver","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(00)80250-6","article-title":"A novel mycolic acid cyclopropane synthetase is required for cording, persistence, and virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"5","author":"Glickman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2001.tb01319.x","article-title":"Immunological properties of trehalose dimycolate (cord factor) and other mycolic acid-containing glycolipids\u2013a review","volume":"45","author":"Ryll","year":"2001","journal-title":"Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib41","first-page":"371","article-title":"Multiple roles of cord factor in the pathogenesis of primary, secondary, and cavitary tuberculosis, including a revised description of the pathology of secondary disease","volume":"36","author":"Hunter","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.2.754-756.1994","article-title":"Characterization of the trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate surface monolayer by scanning tunneling microscopy","volume":"62","author":"Schabbing","year":"1994","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib43","first-page":"375","article-title":"Studies on the toxic effects of quartz and a mycobacterial glycolipid, trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate","volume":"27","author":"Syed","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2016.10.009","article-title":"Recognition of mycobacterial lipids by immune receptors","volume":"38","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.08.001","article-title":"Alveolar macrophages provide an early mycobacterium tuberculosis niche and initiate dissemination","volume":"24","author":"Cohen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00264-13","article-title":"Macrophage M1\/M2 polarization dynamically adapts to changes in cytokine microenvironments in Cryptococcus neoformans infection","volume":"4","author":"Davis","year":"2013","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2008.10.006","article-title":"Trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate on the surface of Mycobacterium tuberculosis modulates surface marker expression for antigen presentation and costimulation in murine macrophages","volume":"11","author":"Kan-Sutton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2049","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.26226-0","article-title":"Cord factor trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate (TDM) mediates trafficking events during mycobacterial infection of murine macrophages","volume":"149","author":"Indrigo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-148-7-1991","article-title":"Influence of trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate (TDM) during mycobacterial infection of bone marrow macrophages","volume":"148","author":"Indrigo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2014.09.010","article-title":"Macrophage immunoregulatory pathways in tuberculosis","volume":"26","author":"Rajaram","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2756","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0904013","article-title":"Cutting edge: Mincle is essential for recognition and adjuvanticity of the mycobacterial cord factor and its synthetic analog trehalose-dibehenate","volume":"184","author":"Schoenen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2865","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20092533","article-title":"Mincle is a long sought receptor for mycobacterial cord factor","volume":"206","author":"Matsunaga","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2879","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091750","article-title":"Direct recognition of the mycobacterial glycolipid, trehalose dimycolate, by C-type lectin Mincle","volume":"206","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.03.010","article-title":"C-type lectin MCL is an FcRgamma-coupled receptor that mediates the adjuvanticity of mycobacterial cord factor","volume":"38","author":"Miyake","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3664","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1301593","article-title":"Differential control of Mincle-dependent cord factor recognition and macrophage responses by the transcription factors C\/EBPbeta and HIF1alpha","volume":"193","author":"Schoenen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.186","article-title":"The Mincle ligand trehalose dibehenate differentially modulates M1-like and M2-like macrophage phenotype and function via Syk signaling","volume":"5","author":"Kodar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immun Inflamm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30052","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.588574","article-title":"C-type lectin receptor dectin-3 mediates trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate (TDM)-induced Mincle expression through CARD9\/Bcl10\/MALT1-dependent nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB activation","volume":"289","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1460","article-title":"Syk- and CARD9-dependent coupling of innate immunity to the induction of T helper cells that produce interleukin 17","volume":"8","author":"LeibundGut-Landmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2012.07.029","article-title":"The mycobacterial cord factor adjuvant analogue trehalose-6,6'-dibehenate (TDB) activates the Nlrp3 inflammasome","volume":"218","author":"Schweneker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib60","first-page":"256","article-title":"Induction of pulmonary granulomas, macrophage procoagulant activity, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by trehalose glycolipids","volume":"23","author":"Behling","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635451","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/635451","article-title":"Characteristics of suppressor macrophages induced by mycobacterial and protozoal infections in relation to alternatively activated M2 macrophages","volume":"2012","author":"Tomioka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Dev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-017-1095-2","article-title":"IRAK-M alters the polarity of macrophages to facilitate the survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"17","author":"Shen","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2007.03.003","article-title":"CD38 plays a role in effective containment of mycobacteria within granulomata and polarization of Th1 immune responses against Mycobacterium avium","volume":"9","author":"Viegas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00327","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulent factor ESAT-6 drives macrophage differentiation toward the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype and subsequently switches it to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype","volume":"8","author":"Refai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0129744","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0129744","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced polarization of human macrophage orchestrates the formation and development of tuberculous granulomas in\u00a0vitro","volume":"10","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000294401930803X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S000294401930803X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T16:35:57Z","timestamp":1757694957000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S000294401930803X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S000294401930803X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9440"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9440","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mycobacterial Trehalose 6,6\u2032-Dimycolate\u2013Induced M1-Type Inflammation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Pathology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.10.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}