{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T01:38:46Z","timestamp":1791509926840,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":163,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]],"date-time":"2024-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Preventive Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,23]],"date-time":"2024-03-23T01:25:11Z","timestamp":1711157111000},"page":"100648","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"special_numbering":"C","title":["New approaches to triglyceride reduction: Is there any hope left?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Filtz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0947-351X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siddhant","family":"Parihar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7426-1815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Garred S.","family":"Greenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine M.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Scotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4467-167X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Lorenzatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6780-8771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan J","family":"Badimon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel E.","family":"Soffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5810-5460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter P.","family":"Toth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3906-1911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carl J.","family":"Lavie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9456-850X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera","family":"Bittner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9541-6954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salim S.","family":"Virani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3091-3735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leandro","family":"Slipczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2009.11.014","article-title":"Current concepts in triglyceride metabolism, pathophysiology, and treatment","volume":"59","author":"AbouRjaili","year":"2010","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00178.2011","article-title":"Gut-liver interaction in triglyceride-rich lipoprotein metabolism","volume":"301","author":"Xiao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4983","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-23223-7","article-title":"The Role of Diacylglycerol Acyltransferase (DGAT) 1 and 2 in Cardiac Metabolism and Function","volume":"8","author":"Roe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.90926.2008","article-title":"Acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferases","volume":"297","author":"Chang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00796","article-title":"ApoB48 as an Efficient Regulator of Intestinal Lipid Transport","volume":"11","author":"Lo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI1240","article-title":"Inducible inactivation of hepatic LRP gene by cre-mediated recombination confirms role of LRP in clearance of chylomicron remnants","volume":"101","author":"Rohlmann","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00033.2007","article-title":"LDL Receptor-Related Protein 1: Unique Tissue-Specific Functions Revealed by Selective Gene Knockout Studies","volume":"88","author":"Lillis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2014-1062","article-title":"Hypertriglyceridemia in the genomic era: A new paradigm","volume":"36","author":"Lewis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0009","first-page":"1","article-title":"Triglyceride metabolism in the liver","volume":"8","author":"Alves-Bezerra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.08.051","article-title":"New Therapies for Lowering Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins: JACC Focus Seminar 3\/4","volume":"78","author":"Rosenson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr112","article-title":"Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease: evidence and guidance for management","volume":"32","author":"Chapman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3068","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000146898.06923.80","article-title":"Low-Density Lipoprotein Triglycerides Associated With Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation, Adhesion Molecules, and Angiographic Coronary Artery Disease","volume":"110","author":"M\u00e4rz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"9943","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61177-6","article-title":"Triglycerides and cardiovascular disease","volume":"384","author":"Nordestgaard","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.6.670","article-title":"Remnant Lipoproteins Induce Proatherothrombogenic Molecules in Endothelial Cells Through a Redox-Sensitive Mechanism","volume":"102","author":"Doi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2003.08.016","article-title":"Chylomicron remnants induce monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression via p38 MAPK activation in vascular smooth muscle cells","volume":"171","author":"Domoto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"47","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4791","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab551","article-title":"Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and their remnants: metabolic insights, role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and emerging therapeutic strategies\u2014a consensus statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society","volume":"42","author":"Ginsberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2018.10.006","article-title":"Severe hypertriglyceridemia is primarily polygenic","volume":"13","author":"Dron","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0018","article-title":"2019 ACC\/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"140","author":"Arnett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0019","first-page":"E1082","article-title":"2018 AHA\/ACC\/AACVPR\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/ADA\/AGS\/APhA\/ASPC\/NLA\/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"139","author":"Grundy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"34","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3227","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab484","article-title":"2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: Developed by the Task Force for cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice with representatives of the European Society of Cardiology and 12 medical societies With","volume":"42","author":"Visseren","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3042","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(21)04397-7","article-title":"Increased inpatient mortality for cardiovascular patients during the first wave of the covid-19 epidemic in New York","volume":"77","author":"Makker","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)38428-5","article-title":"Large lipoproteins are excluded from the arterial wall in diabetic cholesterol-fed rabbits","volume":"29","author":"Nordestgaard","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs431","article-title":"Genetically elevated non-fasting triglycerides and calculated remnant cholesterol as causal risk factors for myocardial infarction","volume":"34","author":"J\u00f8rgensen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.04.059","article-title":"Triglycerides and Residual Atherosclerotic Risk","volume":"77","author":"Raposeiras-Roubin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joshi PH, Khokhar AA, Massaro JM, et al. Remnant Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Incident Coronary Heart Disease: The Jackson Heart and Framingham Offspring Cohort Studies. J Am Heart Assoc. 5(5):e002765. doi:10.1161\/JAHA.115.002765.","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.115.002765"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.26328","article-title":"Impact of Remnant Lipoprotein on Coronary Plaque Components","volume":"22","author":"Matsuo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Atheroscler Thromb"},{"issue":"47","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4833","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab293","article-title":"Directly measured vs. calculated remnant cholesterol identifies additional overlooked individuals in the general population at higher risk of myocardial infarction","volume":"42","author":"Varbo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2015.06.057","article-title":"Relationship of the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG\/HDL-C) ratio to the remainder of the lipid profile: The Very Large Database of Lipids-4 (VLDL-4) study","volume":"242","author":"Quispe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2019.02.019","article-title":"Remnant cholesterol and coronary atherosclerotic plaque burden assessed by computed tomography coronary angiography","volume":"284","author":"Lin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306249","article-title":"Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: New Insights from Epidemiology, Genetics, and Biology","volume":"118","author":"Nordestgaard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2020.04.009","article-title":"The association between triglycerides and incident cardiovascular disease: What is \u201coptimal\u201d?","volume":"14","author":"Aberra","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx659","article-title":"Unmet need for primary prevention in individuals with hypertriglyceridaemia not eligible for statin therapy according to European Society of Cardiology\/European Atherosclerosis Society guidelines: a contemporary population-based study","volume":"39","author":"Madsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.10.008","article-title":"Remnant Cholesterol, Not LDL Cholesterol, Is Associated With Incident Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"76","author":"Casta\u00f1er","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.10.038","article-title":"Impact of Triglyceride Levels Beyond Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol After Acute Coronary Syndrome in the PROVE IT-TIMI 22 Trial","volume":"51","author":"Miller","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2015.253757","article-title":"Increased Remnant Cholesterol Explains Part of Residual Risk of All-Cause Mortality in 5414 Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease","volume":"62","author":"Jepsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2014.234146","article-title":"Extreme Nonfasting Remnant Cholesterol vs Extreme LDL Cholesterol as Contributors to Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality in 90000 Individuals from the General Population","volume":"61","author":"Varbo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwad330","article-title":"Impact of hypertriglyceridaemia on cardiovascular mortality according to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in a 15.6-million population","volume":"31","author":"Park","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwad391","article-title":"Hypertriglyceridaemia and cardiovascular mortality: insights from a large-scale study","volume":"31","author":"Patel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1308027","article-title":"Loss-of-Function Mutations in APOC3 and Risk of Ischemic Vascular Disease","volume":"371","author":"J\u00f8rgensen","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.08.1026","article-title":"Remnant Cholesterol as a Causal Risk Factor for Ischemic Heart Disease","volume":"61","author":"Varbo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.23241","article-title":"Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with an increased risk of peripheral arterial revascularization in high-risk statin-treated patients: A large administrative retrospective analysis","volume":"42","author":"Toth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3376","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.026402","article-title":"Association of lipids with ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke a prospective cohort study among 267 500 Chinese","volume":"50","author":"Gu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.13441","article-title":"The associations of lipids and lipid ratios with stroke: A prospective cohort study","volume":"21","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht571","article-title":"Mendelian randomization of blood lipids for coronary heart disease","volume":"36","author":"Holmes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2797","article-title":"Discovery and refinement of loci associated with lipid levels","volume":"45","author":"Willer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2013.219881","article-title":"Low Nonfasting Triglycerides and Reduced All-Cause Mortality: A Mendelian Randomization Study","volume":"60","author":"Thomsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.20045","article-title":"Association of Triglyceride-Lowering LPL Variants and LDL-C\u2013Lowering LDLR Variants With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease","volume":"321","author":"Ference","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1097\/MPA.0000000000000776","article-title":"A Study on the Etiology, Severity, and Mortality of 3260 Patients With Acute Pancreatitis According to the Revised Atlanta Classification in Jiangxi, China Over an 8-Year Period","volume":"46","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pancreas"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0049","first-page":"106","article-title":"Acute pancreatitis patient registry to examine novel therapies in clinical experience (APPRENTICE): an international, multicenter consortium for the study of acute pancreatitis","volume":"30","author":"Papachristou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/hvad094","article-title":"Hypertriglyceridemia-Associated Pancreatitis: New Concepts and Potential Mechanisms","volume":"69","author":"Hansen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.6875","article-title":"Nordestaard. Nonfasting Mild-to-Moderate Hypertriglyceridemia and Risk of Acute Pancreatitis","volume":"176","author":"Padersen","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2016.02.019","article-title":"Severe hypertriglyceridemia and factors associated with acute pancreatitis in an integrated health care system","volume":"10","author":"Rashid","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2018.294926","article-title":"Low-Grade Inflammation in the Association between Mild-to-Moderate Hypertriglyceridemia and Risk of Acute Pancreatitis: A Study of More Than 115000 Individuals from the General Population","volume":"65","author":"Hansen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0054","first-page":"623","article-title":"Association of elevated serum triglyceride levels with a more severe course of acute pancreatitis: Cohort analysis of 1457 patients","volume":"19","author":"Pascual","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pancreatol Off J Int Assoc Pancreatol IAP Al"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640618755002","article-title":"Hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis: Epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical management","volume":"6","author":"De Pretis","year":"2018","journal-title":"United Eur Gastroenterol J"},{"issue":"157","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0056","article-title":"Incidence of pancreatitis, secondary causes, and treatment of patients referred to a specialty lipid clinic with severe hypertriglyceridemia: A retrospective cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Sandhu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0057","unstructured":"Searles GE, Teik F;, Ooi C. Clinical and Community Stydies. Underrecognition of Chylomicronemia as a Cause of Acute Pancreatitis. 147.; 1992."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s40119-020-00170-x","article-title":"Prevalence of US Adults with Triglycerides\u2009\u2265\u2009150 mg\/dl: NHANES 2007\u20132014","volume":"9","author":"Fan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz785","article-title":"Clinical review on triglycerides","volume":"41","author":"Laufs","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2010.11.008","article-title":"Prevalence of Severe (500 to 2,000 mg\/dl) Hypertriglyceridemia in United States Adults","volume":"107","author":"Christian","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2292","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3182160726","article-title":"Triglycerides and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association","volume":"123","author":"Miller","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13016","article-title":"Familial chylomicronemia syndrome: an under-recognized cause of severe hypertriglyceridaemia","volume":"287","author":"Baass","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.886266","article-title":"The Evolving Story of Multifactorial Chylomicronemia Syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Paquette","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-022-01768-x","article-title":"Analyses of familial chylomicronemia syndrome in Pereira, Colombia 2010\u20132020: a cross-sectional study","volume":"22","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(94)90546-0","article-title":"Effects of cardiac rehabilitation and exercise training on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with hypertriglyceridemia and coronary artery disease","volume":"74","author":"Lavie","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"suppl_L","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L21","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/sui082","article-title":"What is the relationship between risk factor reduction and degree of weight loss?","volume":"7","author":"Van Gaal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Suppl"},{"issue":"S11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2001.138","article-title":"Obesity and Disease Management: Effects of Weight Loss on Comorbid Conditions","volume":"9","author":"Anderson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Obes Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/56.2.320","article-title":"Effects of weight reduction on blood lipids and lipoproteins: a meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Dattilo","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"S2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S22","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602976","article-title":"Quantitative effects on cardiovascular risk factors and coronary heart disease risk of replacing partially hydrogenated vegetable oils with other fats and oils","volume":"63","author":"Mozaffarian","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.27908","article-title":"Mediterranean-style dietary pattern, reduced risk of metabolic syndrome traits, and incidence in the Framingham Offspring Cohort","volume":"90","author":"Rumawas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.accreview.2004.11.073","article-title":"Effect of a Mediterranean-style diet on endothelial dysfunction and markers of vascular inflammation in the metabolic syndrome. A randomized trial","volume":"13","author":"Esposito","year":"2004","journal-title":"ACC Curr J Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.5.964","article-title":"The Medi-RIVAGE study: reduction of cardiovascular disease risk factors after a 3-mo intervention with a Mediterranean-type diet or a low-fat diet","volume":"82","author":"Vincent-Baudry","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2023.03.008","article-title":"When Does a Calcium Score Equate to Secondary Prevention?: Insights From the Multinational CONFIRM Registry","volume":"16","author":"Budoff","year":"2023","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M500335-JLR200","article-title":"Treatment with high-dose simvastatin reduces secretion of apolipoprotein B-lipoproteins in patients with diabetic dyslipidemia","volume":"46","author":"Myerson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2012.04.003","article-title":"Treatment options for the management of hypertriglyceridemia: Strategies based on the best-available evidence","volume":"6","author":"Maki","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.06.011","article-title":"2021 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on the Management of ASCVD Risk Reduction in Patients With Persistent Hypertriglyceridemia","volume":"78","author":"Virani","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2022.07.008","article-title":"Eicosapentaenoic Acid for Cardiovascular Events Reduction- Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"80","author":"Yokoyama","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0078","unstructured":"DiNicolantonio JJ, Niazi AK, McCarty MF, O'Keefe JH, Meier P, Lavie CJ. Omega-3s and Cardiovascular Health. 2014;14(3)."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010204","article-title":"An Update on Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Health","volume":"13","author":"Elagizi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"9177","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)07072-5","article-title":"Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI-Prevenzione trial","volume":"354","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9567","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60527-3","article-title":"Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on major coronary events in hypercholesterolaemic patients (JELIS): a randomised open-label, blinded endpoint analysis","volume":"369","author":"Yokoyama","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1540","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1804989","article-title":"Effects of n\u22123 Fatty Acid Supplements in Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"379","author":"Bowman","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1811403","article-title":"Marine n\u22123 Fatty Acids and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer","volume":"380","author":"Manson","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.17380","article-title":"Effect of Vitamin D and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Kidney Function in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"322","author":"de Boer","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.1489","article-title":"Effect of Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acid and Vitamin D Supplementation on Incident Atrial Fibrillation: A Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"325","author":"Albert","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.22258","article-title":"Effect of High-Dose Omega-3 Fatty Acids vs Corn Oil on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients at High Cardiovascular Risk: The STRENGTH Randomized Clinical Trial","volume":"324","author":"Nicholls","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1812792","article-title":"Cardiovascular Risk Reduction with Icosapent Ethyl for Hypertriglyceridemia","volume":"380","author":"Bhatt","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2884","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvad188","article-title":"Do patients benefit from omega-3 fatty acids?","volume":"119","author":"Sherratt","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00203-5","article-title":"Cardiovascular, mortality, and kidney outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials","volume":"9","author":"Sattar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"10193","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31149-3","article-title":"Dulaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes (REWIND): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial","volume":"394","author":"Gerstein","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1607141","article-title":"Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes","volume":"375","author":"Marso","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1411892","article-title":"A Randomized, Controlled Trial of 3.0 mg of Liraglutide in Weight Management","volume":"373","author":"Pi-Sunyer","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14328","article-title":"Effects of liraglutide on the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in type 2 diabetes","volume":"23","author":"Taskinen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2032183","article-title":"Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity","volume":"384","author":"Wilding","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"0","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0095","article-title":"Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes","volume":"0","author":"Lincoff","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2206038","article-title":"Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity","volume":"387","author":"Jastreboff","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2015.07.001","article-title":"Apolipoprotein C-III: From Pathophysiology to Pharmacology","volume":"36","author":"Norata","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.113.301464","article-title":"Apolipoprotein C-III","volume":"112","author":"Huff","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.875807","article-title":"Apolipoprotein C-III and the Metabolic Basis for Hypertriglyceridemia and the Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Phenotype","volume":"121","author":"Zheng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gordts PLSM, Nock R, Son NH, et al. ApoC-III inhibits clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins through LDL family receptors. J Clin Invest. 126(8):2855-2866. doi:10.1172\/JCI86610.","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI86610"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M900346-JLR200","article-title":"Expression of apolipoprotein C-III in McA-RH7777 cells enhances VLDL assembly and secretion under lipid-rich conditions","volume":"51","author":"Sundaram","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.117.309007","article-title":"Apolipoprotein C-III Levels and Incident Coronary Artery Disease Risk","volume":"37","author":"van Capelleveen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-016-0326-0","article-title":"APOC3 induces endothelial dysfunction through TNF-\u03b1 and JAM-1","volume":"15","author":"Tao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1007\/s12265-013-9495-7","article-title":"Antisense Technology: An Emerging Platform for Cardiovascular Disease Therapeutics","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Transl Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1715944","article-title":"Volanesorsen and Triglyceride Levels in Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome","volume":"381","author":"Witztum","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00046-2","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of volanesorsen in patients with multifactorial chylomicronaemia (COMPASS): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial","volume":"9","author":"Gouni-Berthold","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13841","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13841","article-title":"Volanesorsen to treat severe hypertriglyceridaemia: A pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"52","author":"Calcaterra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2022.08.008","article-title":"Assessment of efficacy and safety of volanesorsen for treatment of metabolic complications in patients with familial partial lipodystrophy: Results of the BROADEN study: Volanesorsen in FPLD; The BROADEN Study","volume":"16","author":"Oral","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2306575","article-title":"Volanesorsen to Prevent Acute Pancreatitis in Hypertriglyceridemia","volume":"390","author":"Alexander","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2023.03.007","article-title":"Volanesorsen and triglyceride levels in familial chylomicronemia syndrome: Long-term efficacy and safety data from patients in an open-label extension trial","volume":"17","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0111","series-title":"Waylivra","year":"2018"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1018-911b","article-title":"Akcea's antisense drug rejection worries analysts","volume":"36","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2623","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S224771","article-title":"Volanesorsen in the Treatment of Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome or Hypertriglyceridaemia: Design, Development and Place in Therapy","volume":"14","author":"Esan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2019.104413","article-title":"A new dawn for managing dyslipidemias: The era of rna-based therapies","volume":"150","author":"Macchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"33","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2785","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz209","article-title":"N-acetyl galactosamine-conjugated antisense drug to APOC3 mRNA, triglycerides and atherogenic lipoprotein levels","volume":"40","author":"Alexander","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e317","DOI":"10.1038\/mtna.2016.26","article-title":"Disposition and Pharmacology of a GalNAc3-conjugated ASO Targeting Human Lipoprotein (a) in Mice","volume":"5","author":"Yu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Ther Nucleic Acids"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1089\/nat.2016.0623","article-title":"Disposition and Pharmacokinetics of a GalNAc3-Conjugated Antisense Oligonucleotide Targeting Human Lipoprotein (a) in Monkeys","volume":"26","author":"Yu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nucleic Acid Ther"},{"issue":"10057","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31009-1","article-title":"Antisense oligonucleotides targeting apolipoprotein(a) in people with raised lipoprotein(a): two randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging trials","volume":"388","author":"Viney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab820","article-title":"Apolipoprotein C-III reduction in subjects with moderate hypertriglyceridaemia and at high cardiovascular risk","volume":"43","author":"Tardif","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0120","article-title":"A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Study of AKCEA-APOCIII-LRx Administered Subcutaneously to Patients With Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome (FCS)","year":"2023","journal-title":"clinicaltrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0121","article-title":"A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Study of ISIS 678354 Administered Subcutaneously to Patients With Severe Hypertriglyceridemia","year":"2023","journal-title":"clinicaltrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0122","article-title":"A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Study of Olezarsen (ISIS 678354) Administered Subcutaneously to Patients With Severe Hypertriglyceridemia","year":"2023","journal-title":"clinicaltrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0123","article-title":"A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Study of Olezarsen (ISIS 678354) in Patients With Hypertriglyceridemia and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (Established or at Increased Risk for), or With Severe Hypertriglyceridemia","year":"2023","journal-title":"clinicaltrials.gov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0124","series-title":"Olezarsen receives Orphan Drug designation from U.S. FDA for familial chylomicronemia syndrome","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0125","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.abstractsonline.com\/pp8\/#!\/10973\/presentation\/22696. Accessed February 26, 2024."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hegele RA. APOC3 Interference for Familial Chylomicronaemia Syndrome. Published online November 1, 2022. Accessed November 2, 2023. https:\/\/www.touchendocrinology.com\/cardiovascular-risk\/journal-articles\/apoc3-interference-for-familial-chylomicronaemia-syndrome\/.","DOI":"10.17925\/EE.2022.18.2.82"},{"issue":"Suppl_3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A12594","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.142.suppl_3.12594","article-title":"Pharmacodynamic Effect of ARO-APOC3, an Investigational Hepatocyte-targeted RNA Interference Therapeutic Targeting Apolipoprotein C3, in Patients With Hypertriglyceridemia and Multifactorial Chylomicronemia","volume":"142","author":"Clifton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0128","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.abstractsonline.com\/pp8\/#!\/10973\/presentation\/22698. Accessed February 26, 2024."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0129","series-title":"Arrowhead Receives FDA Fast Track Designation for ARO-APOC3","year":"2023"},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e295","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2023.38.e295","article-title":"Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins and Remnant Cholesterol in Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"38","author":"Heo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI148559","article-title":"Addressing dyslipidemic risk beyond LDL-cholesterol","volume":"132","author":"Tall","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-021-00613-5","article-title":"Apolipoproteins in vascular biology and atherosclerotic disease","volume":"19","author":"Mehta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0000000000000680","article-title":"Apolipoprotein C-II: the re-emergence of a forgotten factor","volume":"31","author":"Wolska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-3903","article-title":"A Novel APOC2 Missense Mutation Causing Apolipoprotein C-II Deficiency With Severe Triglyceridemia and Pancreatitis","volume":"102","author":"Ueda","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-3619","article-title":"Autoimmune Severe Hypertriglyceridemia Induced by Anti-Apolipoprotein C-II Antibody","volume":"99","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2335","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad261","article-title":"Inverse association between apolipoprotein C-II and cardiovascular mortality: role of lipoprotein lipase activity modulation","volume":"44","author":"Silbernagel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"7307","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09270","article-title":"Biological, clinical and population relevance of 95 loci for blood lipids","volume":"466","author":"Teslovich","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10030597","article-title":"Apolipoprotein Mimetic Peptides: Potential New Therapies for Cardiovascular Diseases","volume":"10","author":"Wolska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0000000000000710","article-title":"Hypertriglyceridemia: new approaches in management and treatment","volume":"31","author":"Wolska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4399","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12134399","article-title":"Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein Metabolism: Key Regulators of Their Flux","volume":"12","author":"Gugliucci","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E493","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00195.2021","article-title":"Regulation of lipoprotein metabolism by ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4, and ANGPTL8","volume":"321","author":"Sylvers-Davie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Physiol-Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1080\/14779072.2020.1768848","article-title":"Targeting apoC-III and ANGPTL3 in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia","volume":"18","author":"Nurmohamed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2021.101140","article-title":"An updated ANGPTL3-4-8 model as a mechanism of triglyceride partitioning between fat and oxidative tissues","volume":"85","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog Lipid Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.210106","article-title":"ANGPTL8 in metabolic homeostasis: more friend than foe?","volume":"11","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Open Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1701329","article-title":"Cardiovascular and Metabolic Effects of ANGPTL3 Antisense Oligonucleotides","volume":"377","author":"Graham","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0146","article-title":"A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2 Dose Finding Study of ISIS 703802 (AKCEA-ANGPTL3-LRx) Administered Subcutaneously to Subjects With Hypertriglyceridemia, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)","year":"2021","journal-title":"clinicaltrials.gov"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.059266","article-title":"Effect of Vupanorsen on Non\u2013High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Statin-Treated Patients With Elevated Cholesterol: TRANSLATE-TIMI 70","volume":"145","author":"Bergmark","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0148","unstructured":"Research C for DE and. FDA approves add-on therapy for patients with genetic form of severely high cholesterol. FDA. Published online September 30, 2021. Accessed November 4, 2023. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/drugs\/news-events-human-drugs\/fda-approves-add-therapy-patients-genetic-form-severely-high-cholesterol-0."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.04.091","article-title":"Inhibition of Angiopoietin-Like Protein 3 With Evinacumab in Subjects With High and Severe Hypertriglyceridemia","volume":"78","author":"Ahmad","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.039107","article-title":"Inhibition of Angiopoietin-Like Protein 3 With a Monoclonal Antibody Reduces Triglycerides in Hypertriglyceridemia","volume":"140","author":"Ahmad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2004215","article-title":"Evinacumab for Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia","volume":"383","author":"Raal","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2031049","article-title":"Evinacumab in Patients with Refractory Hypercholesterolemia","volume":"383","author":"Rosenson","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02222-w","article-title":"Evinacumab in severe hypertriglyceridemia with or without lipoprotein lipase pathway mutations: a phase 2 randomized trial","volume":"29","author":"Rosenson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2216","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02494-2","article-title":"RNA interference targeting ANGPTL3 for triglyceride and cholesterol lowering: phase 1 basket trial cohorts","volume":"29","author":"Watts","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0155","article-title":"A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2b Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of ARO-ANG3 in Adults With Mixed Dyslipidemia","year":"2022","journal-title":"clinicaltrials.gov"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2019.05.010","article-title":"ANGPTL4 in Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease","volume":"25","author":"Aryal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med."},{"issue":"34","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3198","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab841","article-title":"The dawn of a new era of targeted lipid-lowering therapies","volume":"43","author":"Tokg\u00f6zo\u011flu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlr.2022.100237","article-title":"ANGPTL4 silencing via antisense oligonucleotides reduces plasma triglycerides and glucose in mice without causing lymphadenopathy","volume":"63","author":"Deng","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M094128","article-title":"Characterization of ANGPTL4 function in macrophages and adipocytes using Angptl4-knockout and Angptl4-hypomorphic mice [S]","volume":"60","author":"Oteng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.601290","article-title":"FGF21: An Emerging Therapeutic Target for Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis and Related Metabolic Diseases","volume":"11","author":"Tillman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.01.004","article-title":"A Dozen Years of Discovery: Insights into the Physiology and Pharmacology of FGF21","volume":"29","author":"Kliewer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1782","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02427-z","article-title":"The FGF21 analog pegozafermin in severe hypertriglyceridemia: a randomized phase 2 trial","volume":"29","author":"Bhatt","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648_bib0163","article-title":"A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Pegozafermin in Subjects With Severe Hypertriglyceridemia (SHTG): The ENTRUST Study","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clinicaltrials.Gov"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Preventive Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666667724000163?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666667724000163?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,22]],"date-time":"2024-06-22T12:23:40Z","timestamp":1719059020000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666667724000163"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":163,"alternative-id":["S2666667724000163"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-6677"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-6677","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"New approaches to triglyceride reduction: Is there any hope left?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Preventive Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpc.2024.100648","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100648"}}