{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T18:26:38Z","timestamp":1793730398422,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2023S1A5A8075569"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2023S1A5A8075569"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2020R1A6A1A03042854"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020R1A6A1A03042854"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aacpajpe.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T06:15:38Z","timestamp":1787552138000},"page":"102078","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Awareness and perceptions of career domains among pharmacy students: The TECVP (tasks, expertise, compensation, valuation, and prospects) framework"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Youran","family":"Noh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun-taek","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6343-5808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyung-Bok","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib1","unstructured":"The 2025 global pharmacy workforce review. International Pharmaceutical Federation. Accessed March 10, 2026. https:\/\/www.fip.org\/files\/content\/publications\/2025\/FINAL_VF-CH2A_Global_pharmacy_workforce_review.pdf."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.japh.2024.102272","article-title":"The role of pharmacy in promoting public health: pharmacy and public health in 2050","volume":"65","author":"Strand","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Am Pharm Assoc (2003)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib3","article-title":"Trends in research and graduate affairs in schools and colleges of pharmacy, part 2: Students","volume":"84","author":"Lebovitz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Pharm Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalsoom U.E., Khan A., Garfield S. Diversity, equality, and inclusivity in pharmacy services: a scoping review. Int J Pharm Pract. Published online February 20, 2026. doi:10.1093\/ijpp\/riag021.","DOI":"10.1093\/ijpp\/riag021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib5","article-title":"Competency development for pharmacy: adopting and adapting the FIP global advanced development framework","volume":"11","author":"Al-Haqan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib6","unstructured":"Global situation report on pharmacy 2025: workforce, practice, policy. Chapter 8: Pharmacy\u2019s role in the digital transformation of health. International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP). Accessed March 10, 2026. https:\/\/www.fip.org\/files\/content\/publications\/2025\/FINAL_VF-CH8_Pharmacys_role_in_the_digital_transformation_of_health.pdf."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cptl.2021.09.008","article-title":"Measuring the immediate impact when first year pharmacy students are introduced to diverse career pathways","volume":"13","author":"DeRemer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Teach Learn"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5688\/ajpe809150","article-title":"First-year pharmacy students\u2019 views on their chosen professional career","volume":"80","author":"Hanna","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Pharm Educ"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cptl.2025.102408","article-title":"Factors affecting pharmacy student career intentions across patient-facing and non-patient facing settings: a cross-sectional evaluation","volume":"17","author":"Hovenden","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Teach Learn"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cptl.2025.102358","article-title":"Competency-based education in pharmacy\u00a0- challenges, opportunities, and the path forward","volume":"17","author":"Shahiwala","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Teach Learn"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5688\/ajpe8773","article-title":"Rethinking the pharmacy workforce crisis by exploring unconventional and emerging career pathways and training","volume":"86","author":"Park","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Pharm Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib12","unstructured":"FIP global competency framework. International Pharmaceutical Federation. Accessed May 22, 2026. https:\/\/www.fip.org\/file\/5546."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib13","unstructured":"Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE). Accreditation standards and key elements for the professional program in pharmacy leading to the doctor of pharmacy degree (\"standards 2025\"); 2025. Accessed May 21, 2026. https:\/\/www.acpe-accredit.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/ACPEStandards2025.pdf."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cptl.2024.02.010","article-title":"Exploring career choices of pharmacy graduates over 15 years: a cross-sectional evaluation","volume":"16","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Teach Learn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/jpps.2026.15679","article-title":"Career commitment and professional satisfaction among Romanian pharmacy graduates: a nationwide cross-sectional survey","volume":"29","author":"Chereche\u015f","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0242213","article-title":"A profession in danger: stakeholders\u2019 perspectives on supporting the pharmacy profession in Lebanon","volume":"15","author":"Alameddine","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-055597","article-title":"Pharmacist\u2019s time spent: space for Pharmacy-based Interventions and Consultation TimE (SPICE)\u2014an observational time and motion study","volume":"12","author":"Karia","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1002\/jppr.1852","article-title":"Direct observational time and motion study of the daily activities of hospital dispensary pharmacists and technicians","volume":"53","author":"Magee","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pharm Pract Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib19","unstructured":"Graduating student survey: 2025 national summary report. American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy. Accessed March 10, 2026. https:\/\/www.aacp.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2025\u201308\/2025-gss-national-summary-report_0.pdf."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.24304\/kjcp.2021.31.4.293","article-title":"A study on the clinical pharmacy education based on the employment status of 2+ 4 pharmacy school graduates in South Korea","volume":"31","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"Korean J Clin Pharm"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib21","first-page":"14","article-title":"Pharmacy education and its accreditation framework in South Korea","volume":"15","author":"Kim","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Asian Assoc Sch Pharm"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-10530-7","article-title":"Development of service standards and manpower calculation criteria for hospital clinical pharmacies in South Korea: a survey-based study","volume":"24","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-019-1879-1","article-title":"A nationwide cross-sectional survey of student experiential practice at community pharmacies in South Korea","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1111\/hsc.12727","article-title":"Public perceptions of the roles and functions of community pharmacies in the era of expanding scopes of pharmaceutical practice: a questionnaire survey in South Korea","volume":"27","author":"Son","year":"2019","journal-title":"Health Soc Care Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-025-07590-0","article-title":"Enrollment motivations, career perceptions, and preferences of pharmacy students under a changing educational landscape: an exploratory survey at a single institution in South Korea","volume":"25","author":"Noh","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib26","series-title":"Survey methodology","author":"Groves","year":"2011"},{"issue":"7890","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-021-03604-1","article-title":"What surveys really say","volume":"600","author":"Kreuter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6026","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33826-4","article-title":"Key considerations to reduce or address respondent burden in patient-reported outcome (PRO) data collection","volume":"13","author":"Aiyegbusi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5688\/ajpe80460","article-title":"Processes and metrics to evaluate faculty practice activities at US schools of pharmacy","volume":"80","author":"Haines","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Pharm Educ"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.4212\/cjhp.v73i2.2982","article-title":"Role of the US Veterans Health Administration clinical pharmacy specialist provider: shaping the future of comprehensive medication management","volume":"73","author":"McFarland","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can J Hosp Pharm"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1002\/jac5.70062","article-title":"Characterization of faculty practice evaluation processes within US schools of pharmacy","volume":"8","author":"Heavner","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Am Coll Clin Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib32","unstructured":"Report of a UK survey of pharmacy professionals\u2019 involvement in research. NHS England. Accessed May 17, 2026. https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/long-read\/report-of-a-uk-survey-of-pharmacy-professionals-involvement-in-research\/."},{"issue":"752","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e173","DOI":"10.3399\/BJGP.2024.0320","article-title":"Adoption of clinical pharmacist roles in primary care: longitudinal evidence from English general practice","volume":"75","author":"Anderson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib34","series-title":"Questions and Answers in Attitude Surveys: Experiments on Question Form, Wording, and Context","author":"Schuman","year":"1996"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1177\/08971900231198926","article-title":"A cross-sectional survey study of student pharmacists\u2019 career interests","volume":"37","author":"Cameron","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Pharm Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0317896","article-title":"Pharmacy students\u2019 motivations, satisfaction, and future career plans: a cross-sectional study exploring gender differences","volume":"20","author":"Abdelhadi","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib37","first-page":"26","article-title":"Career preference and factors influencing career choice among undergraduate pharmacy students at University of Khartoum, Sudan","volume":"10","author":"Arbab","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacy (Basel)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-024-06366-2","article-title":"Pharmacy students\u2019 initial career choices versus subsequent career paths: a cross-sectional study","volume":"25","author":"Kanbar","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib39","article-title":"Prospective healthcare students\u2019 perspectives and attitudes on pharmacy as a chosen career path","volume":"16","author":"Doroudgar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cptl.2020.09.004","article-title":"Impact of early direct patient care introductory pharmacy practice experiences on student pharmacists' career exploration","volume":"13","author":"Plott","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Teach Learn"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib41","first-page":"37","article-title":"PharmReaDy: a longitudinal platform for industry career preparation for student pharmacists in the U.S","volume":"14","author":"Malhotra","year":"2026","journal-title":"Pharmacy (Basel)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.japh.2024.102266","article-title":"Exploring worldwide training pathways that enable clinical pharmacy career development","volume":"65","author":"Moura","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Am Pharm Assoc (2003)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.70104","article-title":"A qualitative study to explore global trends in clinical pharmacy practice","volume":"31","author":"Moura Gomes","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Eval Clin Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib44","first-page":"136","article-title":"Pharmacy students\u2019 perceptions of the pharmacist role: an arts-informed approach to professional identity formation","volume":"11","author":"Noyen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmacy (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib45","article-title":"An international portrait of pharmacists' professional role identities: a Q-methodology innovative study","volume":"19","author":"Watson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2787","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16152787","article-title":"Public perception of the range of roles played by professional pharmacists","volume":"16","author":"Majchrowska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib47","first-page":"59","article-title":"Looking ahead to 2030: survey of evolving needs in pharmacy education","volume":"9","author":"Papadopoulos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacy (Basel)"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2024.101281","article-title":"Current and future opportunities and challenges in continuing pharmacy education: a 2024 update","volume":"88","author":"Murry","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Pharm Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib49","article-title":"Bridging generations: the central role of career-stage mentorship in social and administrative pharmacy","volume":"16","author":"Jairoun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1310\/hpj5111-944","article-title":"Nontraditional career opportunities for pharmacists","volume":"51","author":"Bai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hosp Pharm"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-025-06945-x","article-title":"The impact of increased pharmacy schools on pharmacists\u2019 income: is it still an attractive profession?","volume":"25","author":"Son","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib52","first-page":"49","article-title":"Pharmacist segments identified from 2009, 2014, and 2019 National Pharmacist Workforce Surveys: implications for pharmacy organizations and personnel","volume":"8","author":"Schommer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacy (Basel)"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1002\/jac5.70105","article-title":"From pharmacist to pharma: advice on career pathways in drug development","volume":"8","author":"Petros","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Am Coll Clin Pharm"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5688\/ajpe9055","article-title":"A call to action to remove ACPE limits on non-patient care elective advanced pharmacy practice experiences","volume":"87","author":"Kanmaz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Pharm Educ"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.23839\/kabe.2022.37.6.101","article-title":"A study on IC-PBL (industry-coupled problem-based learning) and learning performance measurement in higher education institutions","volume":"37","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Korean Bus Educ Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.2307\/3069452","article-title":"A social capital theory of career success","volume":"44","author":"Seibert","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acad Manage J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078_bib57","series-title":"Social Capital: A Theory of Social Structure and Action","author":"Lin","year":"2002"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002945926014361?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002945926014361?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T17:30:55Z","timestamp":1793727055000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002945926014361"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002945926014361"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9459"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9459","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Awareness and perceptions of career domains among pharmacy students: The TECVP (tasks, expertise, compensation, valuation, and prospects) framework","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpe.2026.102078","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102078"}}