{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T02:40:15Z","timestamp":1792723215909,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,1]],"date-time":"2004-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1091318400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Alcohol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,26]],"date-time":"2005-01-26T04:16:30Z","timestamp":1106712990000},"page":"9-19","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":543,"title":["Alcoholic fatty liver: its pathogenesis and mechanism of progression to inflammation and fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Charles S.","family":"Lieber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)32545-1","article-title":"Involvement of cytochrome P450 2E1 in the (\u03c9\u20131)-hydroxylation of oleic acid in human and rat liver microsomes","volume":"39","author":"Adas","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04028.x","article-title":"Polyenylphosphatidylcholine opposes the increase of cytochrome P-4502E1 by ethanol and corrects its iron-induced decrease","volume":"23","author":"Aleynik","year":"1999","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.5870","article-title":"Dilinoleoylphosphatidylcholine decreases ethanol-induced cytochrome P4502E1","volume":"288","author":"Aleynik","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.2305","article-title":"Evidence that cytochrome P450 2E1 is involved in the (\u03c9-1)-hydroxylation of lauric acid in rat liver microsomes","volume":"203","author":"Amet","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.23591","article-title":"Insulin resistance and mitochondrial abnormalities in NASH: a cool look into a burning issue","volume":"120","author":"Angulo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4165(84)90252-6","article-title":"Decreased cytochrome oxidase activity in hepatic mitochondria after chronic ethanol consumption and the possible role of decreased cytochrome aa3 content and changes in phospholipids","volume":"797","author":"Arai","year":"1984","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib7","unstructured":"Baraona, E., Matsumura, T., Hernandez, R., Kubota, S., Soong, J., Kawano, S., Kato, S., Inatomi, N., Sato, S., & Lieber, C.S. (1988). Chronic alcohol intake impairs liver oxygenation by decreasing O2 utilization. In K. Kuriyama, A. Takada, & H. Ishii (Eds.), Biomedical and Social Aspects of Alcohol and Alcoholism: Proceedings of the Fourth Congress of the International Society for Biomedical Research on Alcoholism (pp. 387\u2013390). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier Science Publishers BV."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1998.tb03631.x","article-title":"Decreased tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 and interleukin-1\u03b1 production from intrahepatic mononuclear cells in chronic ethanol consumption and upregulation by endotoxin","volume":"22","author":"Batey","year":"1998","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.4635.1001","article-title":"Liver damage produced by feeding alcohol or sugar and its prevention by choline","volume":"2","author":"Best","year":"1949","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib10","first-page":"21","article-title":"Activity of polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine in HbsAg negative chronic active hepatitis and acute alcoholic hepatitis","volume":"29","author":"Bird","year":"1991","journal-title":"Z Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1993.1564","article-title":"Physiological substrates for rat alcohol dehydrogenase classes: aldehydes of lipid peroxidation, \u03c9-hydroxyfatty acids, and retinoids","volume":"307","author":"Boleda","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(79)90272-5","article-title":"Utilization of long chain fatty acids by rat liver: studies of the role of fatty acid binding protein","volume":"77","author":"Burnett","year":"1979","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1051","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00128.2002","article-title":"DLPC decreases TGF\u03b21-induced collagen mRNA by inhibiting p38 MAPK in hepatic stellate cells","volume":"283","author":"Cao","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)43646-5","article-title":"The metabolism of acetone in rat","volume":"259","author":"Casazza","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(85)90168-8","article-title":"The production of 1,2-propanediol in ethanol treated rats","volume":"129","author":"Casazza","year":"1985","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib16","first-page":"758","article-title":"Acetaldehyde increases procollagen type I and fibronectin gene transcription in cultured rat fat-storing cells through a protein synthesis-dependent mechanism","volume":"13","author":"Casini","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib17","first-page":"210","article-title":"Prognostic factors in alcoholic liver disease","volume":"86","author":"Chedid","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib18","first-page":"317","article-title":"Pharmacological implications of microsomal enzyme induction","volume":"19","author":"Conney","year":"1967","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.1995.10718493","article-title":"Effects of long-term vitamin E supplementation in alcoholic cirrhotics","volume":"14","author":"de la Maza","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840080113","article-title":"S-adenosyl-lmethionine synthetase and phospholipid methyltransferase are inhibited in human cirrhosis","volume":"8","author":"Duce","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01110.x","article-title":"Estrogen-related acetaldehyde elevation in women during alcohol intoxication","volume":"20","author":"Eriksson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/9.5.761","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo inhibitory effect of ethanol and acetaldehyde on O6-methylguanine transferase","volume":"9","author":"Espina","year":"1988","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(89)90083-4","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of silymarin treatment in patients with cirrhosis of the liver","volume":"9","author":"Ferenci","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199001113220205","article-title":"High blood alcohol levels in women. The role of decreased gastric alcohol dehydrogenase activity and first-pass metabolism","volume":"322","author":"Frezza","year":"1990","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)91250-A","article-title":"Oral S-adenosylmethionine in the symptomatic treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study","volume":"99","author":"Frezza","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290420","article-title":"High-level expression of rat class I alcohol dehydrogenase is sufficient for ethanol-induced fat accumulation in transduced HeLa cells","volume":"29","author":"Galli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4908","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)33201-5","article-title":"Characteristics of acetaldehyde oxidation in rat liver mitochondria","volume":"251","author":"Hasumura","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib28","first-page":"3","article-title":"Humoral immune response to acetaldehyde adducts in alcoholic patients","volume":"54","author":"Hoerner","year":"1986","journal-title":"Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib29","first-page":"579A","article-title":"The ultrastructure of ethanol induced fatty liver","volume":"23","author":"Iseri","year":"1964","journal-title":"Fed Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib30","first-page":"535","article-title":"The ultrastructure of fatty liver induced by prolonged ethanol ingestion","volume":"48","author":"Iseri","year":"1966","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(73)90493-8","article-title":"Effect of ethanol on the amount and enzyme activities of hepatic rough and smooth microsomal membranes","volume":"291","author":"Ishii","year":"1973","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(73)90050-4","article-title":"Increase of microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase activity after chronic ethanol administration","volume":"22","author":"Ishii","year":"1973","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(70)90610-8","article-title":"Ethanol oxidation by liver microsomes: evidence against a separate and distinct enzyme system","volume":"39","author":"Isselbacher","year":"1970","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80073-1","article-title":"Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a disease of emerging identity and importance","volume":"29","author":"James","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(86)80214-9","article-title":"Hydroxylation of acetone by ethanol- and acetone-inducible cytochrome P-450 in liver microsomes and reconstituted membranes","volume":"196","author":"Johansson","year":"1986","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib36","first-page":"544","article-title":"Male and female intoxication levels for three alcohol doses or do women really get higher than men?","volume":"5","author":"Jones","year":"1976","journal-title":"Alcohol Technical Report"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01076479","article-title":"Mechanisms of regulation of liver fatty acid\u2013binding protein","volume":"123","author":"Kaikaus","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"issue":"8 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58S","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000078614.44983.97","article-title":"Ethanol induces transforming growth factor-\u03b1 expression in hepatocytes, leading to stimulation of collagen synthesis by hepatic stellate cells","volume":"27","author":"Kato","year":"2003","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(88)90479-2","article-title":"Isolation and partial characterization of the gene for cytochrome P-450 3a (P-450ALC) and a second closely related gene","volume":"150","author":"Khani","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01631.x","article-title":"Induction of cytochrome P-4502E1 by ethanol in rat Kupffer cells","volume":"20","author":"Koivisto","year":"1996","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.6.2.1537462","article-title":"Oxidative and reductive metabolism by cytochrome P450 2E1","volume":"6","author":"Koop","year":"1992","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13607","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)38768-9","article-title":"Identification of ethanol-inducible P-450 isozyme 3a as the acetone and acetol monooxygenase of rabbit microsomes","volume":"260","author":"Koop","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.950120906","article-title":"Multiple mechanisms in the regulation of ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450IIE1","volume":"12","author":"Koop","year":"1990","journal-title":"Bioessays"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12912","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)31472-8","article-title":"Formation of 19(S)-, 19(R)-, and 18(R)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids by alcohol-inducible cytochrome P450 2E1","volume":"268","author":"Laethem","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib45","first-page":"593","article-title":"Ultrastructural alterations in human hepatocytes following ingestion of ethanol with adequate diets","volume":"49","author":"Lane","year":"1966","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib46","first-page":"342","article-title":"Effects of butylated hydroxytoluene on the ultrastructure of rat hepatocytes","volume":"16","author":"Lane","year":"1967","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib47","first-page":"977","article-title":"Differential depletion of carotenoids and tocopherol in liver disease","volume":"17","author":"Leo","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840150303","article-title":"Polyunsaturated lecithin prevents acetaldehyde-mediated hepatic collagen accumulation by stimulating collagenase activity in cultured lipocytes","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"1992","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib49","series-title":"Medical and Nutritional Complications of Alcoholism: Mechanisms and Management","author":"Lieber","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1997.77.2.517","article-title":"Cytochrome P-4502E1: its physiological and pathological role","volume":"77","author":"Lieber","year":"1997","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04217.x","article-title":"Microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS): the first 30 years (1968\u20131998)\u2014a review","volume":"23","author":"Lieber","year":"1999","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)80420-1","article-title":"Alcoholic liver disease: new insights in pathogenesis lead to new treatments","volume":"32","author":"Lieber","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/S0369-8114(01)00239-5","article-title":"Alcoholic liver injury: pathogenesis and therapy in 2001","volume":"49","author":"Lieber","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pathol Biol (Paris)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114068","article-title":"Impaired oxygen utilization: a new mechanism for the hepatotoxicity of ethanol in sub-human primates","volume":"83","author":"Lieber","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840110203","article-title":"S-adenosyl-l-methionine attenuates alcohol-induced liver injury in the baboon","volume":"11","author":"Lieber","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1126\/science.162.3856.917","article-title":"Ethanol oxidation by hepatic microsomes: adaptive increase after ethanol feeding","volume":"162","author":"Lieber","year":"1968","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/23.4.474","article-title":"Quantitative relationship between amount of dietary fat and severity of the alcoholic fatty liver","volume":"23","author":"Lieber","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1159\/000459999","article-title":"An experimental model of alcohol feeding and liver injury in the baboon","volume":"3","author":"Lieber","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Med Primatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(74)90324-6","article-title":"Oxidation of ethanol by hepatic microsomes of acatalasemic mice","volume":"60","author":"Lieber","year":"1974","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(59)90043-9","article-title":"Effects of ethanol on fatty acid metabolism in liver slices","volume":"1","author":"Lieber","year":"1959","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105200","article-title":"Effects of prolonged ethanol intake: production of fatty liver despite adequate diets","volume":"44","author":"Lieber","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib62","first-page":"289","article-title":"Fatty liver, hyperlipemia and hyperuricemia produced by prolonged alcohol consumption, despite adequate dietary intake","volume":"76","author":"Lieber","year":"1963","journal-title":"Trans Assoc Am Physicians"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105637","article-title":"Difference in hepatic metabolism of long- and medium-chain fatty acids: the role of fatty acid chain length in the production of the alcoholic fatty liver","volume":"46","author":"Lieber","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1997.tb03776.x","article-title":"Polyenylphosphatidylcholine decreases alcohol-induced oxidative stress in the baboon","volume":"21","author":"Lieber","year":"1997","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib65","first-page":"386A","article-title":"Increasing circulating level of dilinoleoylphosphatidylcholine is associated with protection against alcohol induced oxidative stress and liver fibrosis in man","volume":"32","author":"Lieber","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200310000-00013","article-title":"Silymarin retards the progression of alcohol-induced hepatic fibrosis in baboons","volume":"37","author":"Lieber","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1994.tb00915.x","article-title":"Hepatic phosphatidylethanolamine methytransferase activity is decreased by ethanol and increased by phosphatidylcholine","volume":"18","author":"Lieber","year":"1994","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(94)95023-7","article-title":"Phosphatidylcholine protects against fibrosis and cirrhosis in the baboon","volume":"106","author":"Lieber","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI104266","article-title":"The effect of ethanol on fatty acid metabolism: stimulation of hepatic fatty acid synthesis in vitro","volume":"40","author":"Lieber","year":"1961","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000093744.12232.34","article-title":"I. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study of polyenylphosphatidylcholine in alcoholic liver disease: effects on drinking behavior by nurse\/physician teams","volume":"27","author":"Lieber","year":"2003","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000093743.03049.80","article-title":"II. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study of polyenylphosphatidylcholine in alcoholic liver disease","volume":"27","author":"Lieber","year":"2003","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(98)00361-1","article-title":"Gender differences in medium-chain dicarboxylic aciduria in alcoholic men and women","volume":"106","author":"Ma","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840180534","article-title":"Alcohol consumption enhances fatty acid \u03c9-oxidation, with a greater increase in male than in female rats","volume":"18","author":"Ma","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1997.tb04439.x","article-title":"Collagen synthesis by liver stellate cells is released from its normal feedback regulation by acetaldehyde-induced modification of the carboxyl-terminal propeptide of procollagen","volume":"21","author":"Ma","year":"1997","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(96)80147-4","article-title":"Polyenylphosphatidylcholine attenuates non-alcoholic hepatic fibrosis and accelerates its regression","volume":"24","author":"Ma","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(84)90143-4","article-title":"Alcoholic liver injury in baboons: transformation of lipocytes to transitional cells","volume":"87","author":"Mak","year":"1984","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840080508","article-title":"Lipocytes and transitional cells in alcoholic liver disease: a morphometric study","volume":"8","author":"Mak","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80263-3","article-title":"S-Adenosylmethionine in alcoholic liver cirrhosis: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial","volume":"30","author":"Mato","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(67)90193-1","article-title":"On the significance of the hypertrophy of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in liver cells after administration of drugs","volume":"16","author":"Meldolesi","year":"1967","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1989.tb00415.x","article-title":"More rapid elimination of alcohol in women as compared to their male siblings","volume":"13","author":"Mishra","year":"1989","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(78)90058-9","article-title":"The direct oxidation of ethanol by a catalase- and alcohol dehydrogenase\u2013free reconstituted system containing cytochrome P-4501","volume":"187","author":"Miwa","year":"1978","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"issue":"3 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840120311","article-title":"Acetaldehyde selectively stimulates collagen production in cultured rat liver fat-storing cells but not in hepatocytes","volume":"12","author":"Moshage","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/127.9.1800","article-title":"Polyenylphosphatidylcholine attenuates alcohol-induced fatty liver and hyperlipemia in rats","volume":"127","author":"Navder","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.1993.12.1","article-title":"The P450 superfamily: update on new sequences, gene mapping, accession numbers, early trivial names of enzymes, and nomenclature","volume":"12","author":"Nelson","year":"1993","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib85","first-page":"797","article-title":"Polyunsaturated phosphatidyl-choline and interferon alpha for treatment of chronic hepatitis B and C: a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"45","author":"Niederau","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840070607","article-title":"Antibodies against acetaldehyde-modified protein epitopes in human alcoholics","volume":"7","author":"Niemela","year":"1987","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7124","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)66943-7","article-title":"Reconstitution of the microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system: qualitative and quantitative changes of cytochrome P-450 after chronic ethanol consumption","volume":"252","author":"Ohnishi","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2143(99)90167-1","article-title":"Dilinoleoylphosphatidylcholine selectively modulates lipopolysaccharide-induced Kupffer cell activation","volume":"134","author":"Oneta","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(98)80285-7","article-title":"Effects of silymarin in alcoholic patients with cirrhosis of the liver: results of a controlled, double-blind, randomized and multicenter trial","volume":"28","author":"Par\u00e9s","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2143(99)90064-1","article-title":"Dilinoleoylphosphatidylcholine decreases hepatic stellate cell activation","volume":"133","author":"Poniachik","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib91","first-page":"275","article-title":"Induction of cytochrome P450IIE1 in the obese overfed rat","volume":"39","author":"Raucy","year":"1991","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.35.6.668","article-title":"Acetone metabolism in humans during diabetic ketoacidosis","volume":"35","author":"Reichard","year":"1986","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(69)90346-5","article-title":"Ethanol oxidation in the microsomal fraction of rat liver","volume":"36","author":"Roach","year":"1969","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1998.tb05926.x","article-title":"Respective roles of human cytochrome P-4502E1, 1A2, and 3A4 in the hepatic microsomal ethanol oxidizing system","volume":"22","author":"Salmela","year":"1998","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.23256","article-title":"Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: association of insulin resistance and mitochondrial abnormalities","volume":"120","author":"Sanyal","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(84)90070-2","article-title":"Acetaldehyde and lactate stimulate collagen synthesis of cultured baboon liver myofibroblasts","volume":"87","author":"Savolainen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-198-43293","article-title":"Gender differences in the response of hepatic fatty acids and cytosolic fatty acid\u2013binding capacity to alcohol consumption in rats","volume":"198","author":"Shevchuk","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc Soc Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib98","first-page":"236","article-title":"Induction of cytochrome P-4502E1 in the human liver by ethanol is caused by a corresponding increase in encoding messenger RNA","volume":"17","author":"Takahashi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1126\/science.166.3905.627","article-title":"Alcohol metabolism: role of microsomal oxidation in vivo","volume":"166","author":"Tephly","year":"1969","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(72)90594-3","article-title":"Microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS): purification and properties of a rat liver system free of catalase and alcohol dehydrogenase","volume":"49","author":"Teschke","year":"1972","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib101","first-page":"841","article-title":"Hepatic microsomal alcohol-oxidizing system in normal and acatalasemic mice: its dissociation from the peroxidatic activity of catalase-H2O2","volume":"11","author":"Teschke","year":"1975","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1977.tb05759.x","article-title":"Microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS): current status of its characterization and its role","volume":"1","author":"Teschke","year":"1977","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1977.tb05763.x","article-title":"The role of alcohol dehydrogenase in microsomal ethanol oxidation and the adaptive increase in ethanol metabolism due to chronic treatment with ethanol","volume":"1","author":"Thurman","year":"1977","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1972.tb01711.x","article-title":"Hepatic microsomal ethanol oxidation. Hydrogen peroxide formation and the role of catalase","volume":"25","author":"Thurman","year":"1972","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840100407","article-title":"The intralobular distribution of ethanol-inducible P450IIE1 in rat and human liver","volume":"10","author":"Tsutsumi","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9006","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00425a019","article-title":"Human ethanol-inducible P450IIE1: complete gene sequence, promoter characterization, chromosome mapping, and cDNA-directed expression","volume":"27","author":"Umeno","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4956","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)68880-5","article-title":"The rat P450IIE1 gene: complete intron and exon sequence, chromosome mapping, and correlation of developmental expression with specific 5\u2032 cytosine demethylation","volume":"263","author":"Umeno","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(73)90753-5","article-title":"Absence of ethanol metabolism in \u201cacatalatic\u201d hepatic microsomes that oxidize drugs","volume":"52","author":"Vatsis","year":"1973","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib109","first-page":"554A","article-title":"An unidentified constituent of ethanol oxidation in hepatic microsomes","volume":"33","author":"Vatsis","year":"1974","journal-title":"Fed Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.3109\/00365528909093067","article-title":"Effects of oral S-adenosyl-l-methionine on hepatic glutathione in patients with liver disease","volume":"24","author":"Vendemiale","year":"1989","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510270121","article-title":"Hepatic cytochrome P450 2E1 is increased in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"27","author":"Weltman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1994.tb00110.x","article-title":"Ethanol increases hepatocyte water volume","volume":"18","author":"Wondergem","year":"1994","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(85)90003-4","article-title":"Chronic ethanol consumption alters rat liver plasma membranes and potentiates release of alkaline phosphatase","volume":"88","author":"Yamada","year":"1985","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.3109\/03602539009041082","article-title":"Cytochrome P450IIE1: roles in nitrosamine metabolism and mechanisms of regulation","volume":"22","author":"Yang","year":"1990","journal-title":"Drug Metab Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008_bib115","series-title":"Microsomes and Drug Oxidations","first-page":"458","article-title":"Discussion","author":"Ziegler","year":"1972"}],"container-title":["Alcohol"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0741832904001569?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0741832904001569?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,4]],"date-time":"2021-07-04T08:40:31Z","timestamp":1625388031000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0741832904001569"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"references-count":115,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0741832904001569"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.alcohol.2004.07.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0741-8329"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0741-8329","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]}}}