{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T00:06:16Z","timestamp":1780963576851,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]],"date-time":"2011-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Alcohol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,5]],"date-time":"2010-11-05T08:27:44Z","timestamp":1288945664000},"page":"227-238","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Prognosis of osteopenia in chronic alcoholics"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Emilio","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Reimers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Alvisa-Negr\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Santolaria-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Ros-Vilamaj\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Candelaria","family":"Mart\u00edn-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iv\u00e1n","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Betancor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Garc\u00eda-Valdecasas-Campelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonieta","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.1998.00381.x","article-title":"Influence of chronic alcohol abuse on body weight and energy metabolism: is excess ethanol consumption a risk factor for obesity or malnutrition?","volume":"244","author":"Addolorato","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agp038","article-title":"Osteopenia in alcoholics: effect of alcohol abstinence","volume":"44","author":"Alvisa-Negr\u00edn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2004.04.021","article-title":"High serum osteoprotegerin levels in patients with hyperthyroidism: effect of medical treatment","volume":"35","author":"Amato","year":"2004","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3149","DOI":"10.1210\/en.141.9.3149","article-title":"Dietary protein restriction lowers plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), impairs cortical bone formation, and induces osteoblastic resistance to IGF-1 in adult female rats","volume":"141","author":"Bourrin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.8.1555","article-title":"Dietary protein deficiency induces osteoporosis in aged male rats","volume":"15","author":"Bourrin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01658","article-title":"Osteoclast differentiation and activation","volume":"423","author":"Boyle","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2003.07.006","article-title":"Expression and function of TNF family proteins and receptors in human osteoblasts","volume":"33","author":"Bu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-009-9240-z","article-title":"Binge alcohol-induced bone damage is accompanied by differential expression of bone remodeling-related genes in rat vertebral bone","volume":"84","author":"Callaci","year":"2009","journal-title":"Calcif. Tissue Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-003-1495-z","article-title":"The heterogeneity of bone disease in cirrhosis: a multivariate analysis","volume":"14","author":"Crawford","year":"2003","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02556634","article-title":"Bone histomorphometry, bone mass, and related parameters in alcoholic males","volume":"43","author":"Crilly","year":"1988","journal-title":"Calcif. Tissue Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.15.1889","article-title":"Clinical use of bone densitometry","volume":"288","author":"Cummings","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI10483","article-title":"Chronic alcohol ingestion induces osteoclastogenesis and bone loss through IL-6 in mice","volume":"106","author":"Dai","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(89)90297-0","article-title":"Ethanol reduces bone formation and may cause osteoporosis","volume":"86","author":"Diamond","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2005.01073.x","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin and RANKL in alcoholic liver cirrhosis","volume":"25","author":"Fabrega","year":"2005","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(85)90169-9","article-title":"Direct effects of ethanol on bone resorption and formation in vitro","volume":"238","author":"Farley","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arch. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(87)90201-0","article-title":"Deranged bone metabolism in chronic alcoholism","volume":"36","author":"Feitelberg","year":"1987","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1080\/030097401316909585","article-title":"Elevated levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"30","author":"Feuerhern","year":"2001","journal-title":"Scand. J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agl004","article-title":"Serum osteoprotegerin levels in chronic alcoholic liver disease","volume":"41","author":"Garc\u00eda-Valdecasas-Campelo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3516","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.15.3516","article-title":"Bone mineral density and disorders of mineral\u00a0metabolism in\u00a0chronic liver disease","volume":"15","author":"George","year":"2009","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib20","first-page":"571","article-title":"Mineral metabolism, osteoblastic function and bone mass in chronic alcoholism","volume":"28","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Calv\u00edn","year":"1993","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2007.06.001","article-title":"Association of Harris lines and shorter stature with ethanol consumption during growth","volume":"41","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Reimers","year":"2007","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-009-0042-1","article-title":"High osteoprotegerin serum levels in primary biliary cirrhosis are associated with disease severity but not with the mRNA gene expression in liver tissue","volume":"27","author":"Gua\u00f1abens","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-832941","article-title":"Nutrition and alcoholic liver disease","volume":"24","author":"Halsted","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin. Liver Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.3109\/13590849109084111","article-title":"Subjective nutritional assessment and short-term prognosis","volume":"2","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Plasencia","year":"1991","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Nutr. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01535783","article-title":"Bone changes in alcoholic liver cirrhosis: a histomorphometrical analysis of 52 cases","volume":"33","author":"Jorge-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"1988","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2003.18.3.174","article-title":"Effect of chronic alcohol ingestion on bone mineral density in males without liver cirrhosis","volume":"18","author":"Kim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Korean J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.040604","article-title":"1 alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 rapidly regulates the mouse osteoprotegerin gene trough dual pathways","volume":"19","author":"Kondo","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib28","first-page":"497","article-title":"Bone and mineral metabolism and chronic alcohol abuse","volume":"59","author":"Lalor","year":"1986","journal-title":"Q. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.242.15.1640","article-title":"Hormone secretion in alcohol-induced pseudo-Cushing syndrome","volume":"242","author":"Lamberts","year":"1979","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2004.11.003","article-title":"Nutritional aspects of alcoholic liver disease","volume":"9","author":"Leevy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Liver. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(03)01062-X","article-title":"AGA technical review on osteoporosis in hepatic disorders","volume":"125","author":"Leslie","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-73-1-118","article-title":"Bone disorders in men with chronic alcoholism: a reversible disease?","volume":"73","author":"Lindholm","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.285.6342.597","article-title":"Fractures in the chest radiograph in the detection of alcoholic liver disease","volume":"285","author":"Lindsell","year":"1982","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11089","article-title":"Interactions between immune and bone cells: new insights with many remaining questions","volume":"106","author":"Lorenzo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2008.00847.x","article-title":"Low bone mineral density and impaired bone metabolism in young alcoholic patients without liver cirrhosis: a cross-sectional study","volume":"33","author":"Malik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510230516","article-title":"Does malnutrition affect survival in cirrhosis? PINC (Policentrica Italiana Nutrizione Cirrosi)","volume":"23","author":"Merli","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-8329(99)00048-8","article-title":"Relative and combined effects of ethanol and protein\u00a0deficiency on bone histology and mineral metabolism","volume":"20","author":"Molina-P\u00e9rez","year":"2000","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2007.01448.x","article-title":"Serum osteoprotegerin and its ligand in cirrhotic patients referred for orthotopic liver transplantation: relationship with metabolic bone disease","volume":"27","author":"Monegal","year":"2007","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(03)00213-8","article-title":"Inhibition of RANKL induced osteoclast formation in mouse bone marrow cells by IL-12: involvement of IFN-\u03b3 possibly induced from non T cell population","volume":"33","author":"Nagata","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-136-3-200202050-00007","article-title":"The effect of controlled drinking in alcoholic cardiomyopathy","volume":"136","author":"Nicolas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1159\/000262308","article-title":"Low bone mineral density is an independent risk factor for stroke and death","volume":"29","author":"Nordstr\u00f6m","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197711000-00006","article-title":"The battered alcoholic syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Oppenheim","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00298430","article-title":"Vertebral fractures and osteopenia in chronic alcoholic patients","volume":"57","author":"Peris","year":"1995","journal-title":"Calcif. Tissue. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650091014","article-title":"Bone mass improves in alcoholics after two years of abstinence","volume":"10","author":"Peris","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib45","first-page":"619","article-title":"Reduced spinal and femoral bone mass and deranged bone mineral metabolism in chronic alcoholics","volume":"27","author":"Peris","year":"1992","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-8981(95)06253-X","article-title":"The carboxy-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) is a potential serum marker of ongoing liver fibrosis","volume":"248","author":"Ricard-Blum","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-8329(00)00115-4","article-title":"Osteopenia assessed by body composition analysis is related to malnutrition in alcoholic patients","volume":"22","author":"Santolaria","year":"2000","journal-title":"Alcohol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03346365","article-title":"Skeletal turnover, bone mineral density, and fractures in male chronic abusers of alcohol","volume":"31","author":"Santori","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol. Invest."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib49","first-page":"730","article-title":"Bone changes after alcohol abuse","volume":"66","author":"Schnitzler","year":"1984","journal-title":"S. Afr. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90712-6","article-title":"Chronic alcoholism. Frequently overlooked cause of osteoporosis in men","volume":"80","author":"Spencer","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01660.x","article-title":"Nutritional therapy in alcoholic liver disease","volume":"18","author":"Stickel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(02)00435-X","article-title":"High serum osteoprotegerin and low RANKL in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"38","author":"Szalay","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3162","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.86.7.3162","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin serum levels in men: correlation with age, estrogen, and testosterone status","volume":"86","author":"Szulc","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2001.16.3.589","article-title":"Moderate alcohol consumption suppresses bone turnover in adult female rats","volume":"16","author":"Turner","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1450685","article-title":"Increased serum osteoprotegerin in disorders characterized by persistent immune activation or glucocorticoid excess\u2014possible role in bone homeostasis","volume":"145","author":"Ueland","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib56","first-page":"1024","article-title":"Use of calcaneal ultrasound and biochemical markers to assess the density and metabolic state of the bones of adults with hepatic cirrhosis","volume":"99","author":"Vanderjagt","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Natl. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2000.15.10.2033","article-title":"Alendronate administration and skeletal response during chronic alcohol intake in the adolescent male rat","volume":"15","author":"Wezeman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1985.tb05291.x","article-title":"Metabolic bone disease and fractures in male alcoholics: a pilot study","volume":"80","author":"Wilkinson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Br. J. Addict."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(02)00722-6","article-title":"Interleukin 18 and interleukin 12 synergistically inhibit osteoclastic bone\u2014resorbing activity","volume":"30","author":"Yamada","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bone"}],"container-title":["Alcohol"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0741832910001679?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0741832910001679?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:29:26Z","timestamp":1711931366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0741832910001679"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0741832910001679"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.09.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0741-8329"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0741-8329","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]}}}