{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:15:07Z","timestamp":1790709307478,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,30]],"date-time":"2019-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"KAKEN","award":["15K09549"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15K09549"]}]},{"name":"KAKEN","award":["18K08173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18K08173"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Allergology International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]],"date-time":"2019-06-27T10:13:03Z","timestamp":1561630383000},"page":"515-520","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Mixed cell type in airway inflammation is the dominant phenotype in asthma patients with severe chronic rhinosinusitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Tomoko","family":"Nishio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiko","family":"Wakahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Nishio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suguru","family":"Majima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saya","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Teranishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Nakatochi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michihiko","family":"Sone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2678","article-title":"Asthma phenotypes: the evolution from clinical to molecular approaches","volume":"18","author":"Wenzel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3049","article-title":"The immunology of asthma","volume":"16","author":"Lambrecht","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1080\/19420862.2017.1392425","article-title":"Personalized medicine with biologics for severe type 2 asthma: current status and future prospects","volume":"10","author":"Godar","year":"2018","journal-title":"MAbs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00024-2015","article-title":"Management of the patient with eosinophilic asthma: a new era begins","volume":"1","author":"de Groot","year":"2015","journal-title":"ERJ Open Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.10.011","article-title":"Sputum neutrophil counts are associated with more severe asthma phenotypes using cluster analysis","volume":"133","author":"Moore","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2005.043182","article-title":"Is the neutrophil the key effector cell in severe asthma?","volume":"60","author":"Kamath","year":"2005","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.02.008","article-title":"Analyses of asthma severity phenotypes and inflammatory proteins in subjects stratified by sputum granulocytes","volume":"125","author":"Hastie","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(11)60895-1","article-title":"Blood and sputum eosinophil levels in asthma and their relationship to sinus computed tomographic findings","volume":"83","author":"Mehta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201606-463OC","article-title":"Sinus Computed tomographic findings in adult smokers and nonsmokers with asthma. Analysis of clinical indices and biomarkers","volume":"14","author":"Kimura","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12644","article-title":"Novel scoring system and algorithm for classifying chronic rhinosinusitis: the JESREC Study","volume":"70","author":"Tokunaga","year":"2015","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib11","first-page":"1","article-title":"European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps 2012","volume":"23","author":"Fokkens","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rhinol Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2016.05.004","article-title":"Phenotypes and emerging endotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"4","author":"Bachert","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.06.00043305","article-title":"Treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis and its effects on asthma","volume":"28","author":"Ragab","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13370","article-title":"Comorbid \"treatable traits\" in difficult asthma: current evidence and clinical evaluation","volume":"73","author":"Tay","year":"2018","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.05.044","article-title":"Reduced need for surgery in severe nasal polyposis with mepolizumab: randomized trial","volume":"140","author":"Bachert","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.04.024","article-title":"Biotherapeutics in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps","volume":"5","author":"Bachert","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.01.016","article-title":"The interleukin-33-p38 kinase axis confers memory T helper 2 cell pathogenicity in the airway","volume":"42","author":"Endo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32303","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6033","article-title":"Pathogenic Th2 (Tpath2) cells in airway inflammation","volume":"6","author":"Endo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.08.007","article-title":"Hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase defines a proeosinophilic pathogenic effector human T(H)2 cell subpopulation with enhanced function","volume":"137","author":"Mitson-Salazar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13197","article-title":"Airway basophils are increased and activated in eosinophilic asthma","volume":"72","author":"Suzuki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13184","article-title":"Clinical, functional and inflammatory characteristics in patients with paucigranulocytic stable asthma: comparison with different sputum phenotypes","volume":"72","author":"Ntontsi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000147917.43615.c0","article-title":"Molecular and cellular staging for the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"114","author":"Kountakis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2007.02.004","article-title":"The Lund-Mackay staging system for chronic rhinosinusitis: how is it used and what does it predict?","volume":"137","author":"Hopkins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib24","article-title":"Non-eosinophilic nasal polyps shows increased epithelial proliferation and localized disease pattern in the early stage","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.3.9610046","article-title":"Bronchoscopic evaluation of severe asthma. Persistent inflammation associated with high dose glucocorticoids","volume":"156","author":"Wenzel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2009.126722","article-title":"Effects of steroid therapy on inflammatory cell subtypes in asthma","volume":"65","author":"Cowan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1177\/1753465816632638","article-title":"Novel approaches to the management of noneosinophilic asthma","volume":"10","author":"Thomson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ther Adv Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2394","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI84144","article-title":"Current concepts of severe asthma","volume":"126","author":"Ray","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100645","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100645","article-title":"Potentially pathogenic airway bacteria and neutrophilic inflammation in treatment resistant severe asthma","volume":"9","author":"Green","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2017.03.044","article-title":"Inflammatory phenotypes in patients with severe asthma are associated with distinct airway microbiology","volume":"141","author":"Taylor","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7926","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-26327-2","article-title":"Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is characterized by dysbacteriosis of the nasal microbiota","volume":"8","author":"Chalermwatanachai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.02.008","article-title":"Sinus microbiota varies among chronic rhinosinusitis phenotypes and predicts surgical outcome","volume":"136","author":"Ramakrishnan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.12.1324","article-title":"Inflammatory endotypes of chronic rhinosinusitis based on cluster analysis of biomarkers","volume":"137","author":"Tomassen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24154","article-title":"Subclassification of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp based on eosinophil and neutrophil","volume":"123","author":"Ikeda","year":"2013","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.03.022","article-title":"Biology of nasal polyposis","volume":"133","author":"Stevens","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.05.041","article-title":"Diversity of TH cytokine profiles in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis: a multicenter study in Europe, Asia, and Oceania","volume":"138","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.2332\/allergolint.10-OA-0290","article-title":"Cytokine profiles in Japanese patients with chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"61","author":"Sejima","year":"2012","journal-title":"Allergol Int"}],"container-title":["Allergology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1323893019300656?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1323893019300656?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T18:09:17Z","timestamp":1761156557000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1323893019300656"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1323893019300656"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1323-8930"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1323-8930","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mixed cell type in airway inflammation is the dominant phenotype in asthma patients with severe chronic rhinosinusitis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Allergology International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.alit.2019.05.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Japanese Society of Allergology. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}