{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:03:16Z","timestamp":1790697796514,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ippan-028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ippan-028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Allergology International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]],"date-time":"2020-12-02T08:48:04Z","timestamp":1606898884000},"page":"229-234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Mortality and risk factors on admission in toxic epidermal necrolysis: A cohort study of 59 patients"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6654-6175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoya","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirofumi","family":"Go","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Saigusa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoko","family":"Takamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuko","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumiko","family":"Yamane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michiru","family":"Totsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideyuki","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuko","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Setsuko","family":"Matsukura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Kambara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunsuke","family":"Takaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0297-6627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yukie","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michiko","family":"Aihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.04.048","article-title":"Toxic epidermal necrolysis","volume":"56","author":"Pereira","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1993.01680220104023","article-title":"Clinical classification of cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and erythema multiforme","volume":"129","author":"Bastuji-Garin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2012.27.2.203","article-title":"Causes and treatment outcomes of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in 82 adult patients","volume":"27","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Korean J Int Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.510","article-title":"Comprehensive survival analysis of a cohort of patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis","volume":"133","author":"Sekula","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2015.09.001","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of StevenseJohnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in 87 Japanese patients - treatment and outcome","volume":"65","author":"Yamane","year":"2016","journal-title":"Allergol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.03.023","article-title":"Morbidity and mortality of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in United States adults","volume":"136","author":"Hsu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.18424","article-title":"Incidence of and mortality from epidermal necrolysis (Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis) in France during 2003-16: a four-source capture-recapture estimate","volume":"182","author":"Chaby","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2019.05.096","article-title":"Risk factors and diagnostic markers of bacteremia in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a cohort study of 176 patients","volume":"81","author":"Koh","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI93349","article-title":"Randomized, controlled trial of TNF-\u03b1 antagonist in CTL-mediated severe cutaneous adverse reactions","volume":"128","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib10","first-page":"1637","article-title":"[Guidelines for the management of SJS and TEN 2009 established by the Japanese research committee on severe cutaneous adverse reaction (J-SCAR) supported by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan]","volume":"126","year":"2016","journal-title":"[Jpn J Dermatol]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2000.00061.x","article-title":"SCORTEN: a severity-of-illness score for toxic epidermal necrolysis","volume":"115","author":"Fouchard","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2011.58","article-title":"Case definition and phenotype standardization in drug-induced liver injury","volume":"89","author":"Aithal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13989","article-title":"Epidermal necrolysis: 60 years of errors and advances","volume":"173","author":"Heng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.12.024","article-title":"Pediatric Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in the United States","volume":"76","author":"Hsu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2016.5668","article-title":"Systemic immunomodulating therapies for Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"153","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1408","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.13379","article-title":"A\u00a0retrospective analysis of Stevens\u2013Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis treated with corticosteroids","volume":"55","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2008.12.040","article-title":"Successful treatment of Stevens-Johnson syndrome with steroid pulse therapy at disease onset","volume":"147","author":"Araki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.08.122","article-title":"Treating toxic epidermal necrolysis with systemic immunomodulating therapies: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"84","author":"Tsai","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16685","article-title":"Systemic therapies for Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a SCORTEN-based systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Torres-Navarro","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-017-0530-y","article-title":"Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: a concise review with a comprehensive summary of therapeutic interventions emphasizing supportive measures","volume":"34","author":"Schneider","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5388.490","article-title":"Inhibition of toxic epidermal necrolysis by blockade of CD95 with human intravenous immunoglobulin","volume":"282","author":"Viard","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.10.030","article-title":"The IgG molecule as a biological immune response modifier: mechanisms of action of intravenous immune serum globulin in autoimmune and inflammatory disorders","volume":"127","author":"Ballow","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2012.10965.x","article-title":"The efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"167","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2018.04.027","article-title":"Stevens-Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis: a multicenter retrospective study of 377 adult patients from the United States","volume":"138","author":"Micheletti","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340050492","article-title":"Pulmonary complications in toxic epidermal necrolysis: a prospective clinical study","volume":"23","author":"Lebargy","year":"1997","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.08222.x","article-title":"Respiratory involvement in toxic epidermal necrolysis portends a poor prognosis that may not be reflected in SCORTEN","volume":"157","author":"Hague","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.138.8.1019","article-title":"Correlations between clinical patterns and causes of erythema multiforme majus, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis: results of an international prospective study","volume":"138","author":"Auquier-Dunant","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s13601-017-0188-1","article-title":"Stevens\u2013Johnson syndrome\/toxic epidermal necrolysis and erythema multiforme drug-related hospitalisations in a national administrative database","volume":"8","author":"Sousa-Pinto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Transl Allergy"}],"container-title":["Allergology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1323893020301489?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1323893020301489?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T18:11:40Z","timestamp":1761156700000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1323893020301489"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1323893020301489"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1323-8930"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1323-8930","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Mortality and risk factors on admission in toxic epidermal necrolysis: A cohort study of 59 patients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Allergology International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.alit.2020.11.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Japanese Society of Allergology. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}