{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T10:29:49Z","timestamp":1784802589851,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]],"date-time":"2013-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Preventive Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,16]],"date-time":"2013-07-16T02:03:39Z","timestamp":1373940219000},"page":"228-236","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":818,"title":["Mobile Health Technology Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Santosh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy J.","family":"Nilsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Abernethy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audie","family":"Atienza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Patrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Misha","family":"Pavel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William T.","family":"Riley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Shar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonnie","family":"Spring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donna","family":"Spruijt-Metz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald","family":"Hedeker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasant","family":"Honavar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Kravitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Craig Lefebvre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Mohr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan A.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlene","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Shusterman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dallas","family":"Swendeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2008.0099","article-title":"Healthcare via cell phones: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Krishna","year":"2009","journal-title":"Telemed J E Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2008.05.001","article-title":"Health and the mobile phone","volume":"35","author":"Patrick","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s13142-011-0021-7","article-title":"Health behavior models in the age of mobile interventions: are our theories up to the task?","volume":"1","author":"Riley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transl Behav Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0366","article-title":"Randomized trial of a mobile phone personalized behavioral intervention for blood glucose control","volume":"34","author":"Quinn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gupta S, Chang P, Anyigbo N, Sabharwal A. mobileSpiro: accurate mobile spirometry for self-management of asthma. In Proceedings of ACM mHealthSys 2011; Article 1.","DOI":"10.1145\/2064942.2064944"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.1298","article-title":"Measures of physical activity using cell phones: validation using criterion methods","volume":"12","author":"Bexelius","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.1100","article-title":"A text message-based intervention for weight loss: randomized controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Patrick","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib8","unstructured":"Ali A, Hossain SM, Hovsepian K, Rahman M, Kumar S. SmokeTrack: automated detection of cigarette smoking in the mobile environment from respiration measurements. In Proceedings of ACM\/IEEE Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks 2012;269\u201380."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib9","unstructured":"Plarre K, Raij AB, Hossain M, et al. Continuous inference of psychological stress from sensory measurements collected in the natural environment. In Proceedings of ACM\/IEEE Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks 2011;97\u2013108."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e55","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.1838","article-title":"Harnessing context sensing to develop a mobile intervention for depression","volume":"13","author":"Burns","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.1823","article-title":"Short message service (SMS) applications for disease prevention in developing countries","volume":"14","author":"D'eglise","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2010.10.032","article-title":"iPhone apps for smoking cessation: a content analysis","volume":"40","author":"Abroms","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1080\/10543400701376480","article-title":"An overview on assessing agreement with continuous measurements","volume":"17","author":"Barnhart","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biopharm Stat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib14","series-title":"Clinical trials: a methodologic perspective","author":"Piantadosi","year":"2005"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.4.281","article-title":"Effect of the statistical significance of results on the time to completion and publication of randomized efficacy trials","volume":"279","author":"Ioannidis","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8721.2009.01656.x","article-title":"Alternatives to randomized experiments","volume":"18","author":"West","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Direct Psych Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib17","series-title":"Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference","author":"Shadish","year":"2002"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0009.2008.00533.x","article-title":"Whatever happened to n-of-1 trials? Insiders\u2019 perspectives and a look to the future","volume":"86","author":"Kravitz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Milbank Q"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-6-54","article-title":"The stepped wedge trial design: a systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Brown","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cct.2006.05.007","article-title":"Design and analysis of stepped wedge cluster randomized trials","volume":"28","author":"Hussey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-12-22","article-title":"Quasi-experimental trial of diabetes self-management automated and real-time telephonic support (SMARTSteps) in a Medicaid managed care plan: study protocol","volume":"12","author":"Ratanawongsa","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Health Services Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib22","unstructured":"Mohr DC, Duan N. Continuous evaluation of evolving interventions. mHealth\u00a0Evidence Workshop, August 16, 2011, Washington DC."},{"issue":"5S","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2007.01.022","article-title":"The Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) and the Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART): new methods for more potent e-health interventions","volume":"32","author":"Collins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib24","unstructured":"Lizotte DJ, Bowling M, Murphy SA. Efficient reinforcement learning with multiple reward functions for randomized controlled trial analysis. In Proceedings of Inter Conf Machine Learning (ICML) 2010;695\u2013702."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib25","first-page":"109","article-title":"Informing sequential clinical decision-making through reinforcement learning: an empirical study","volume":"84","author":"Shortreed","year":"2010","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1018","article-title":"Strategies sought for reducing cost, improving efficiency of clinical research","volume":"306","author":"Mitka","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2880","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.607895","article-title":"Upsurge in T-wave alternans and nonalternating repolarization instability precedes spontaneous initiation of ventricular tachyarrhythmias in humans","volume":"113","author":"Shusterman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1541-0420.2007.00924.x","article-title":"An application of a mixed-effects location scale model for analysis of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data","volume":"64","author":"Hedeker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib29","series-title":"Handbook of latent semantic analysis","article-title":"Probabilistic topic models","author":"Steyvers","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib30","unstructured":"Lafferty J, McCallum A, Pereira F. Conditional random fields: probabilistic models for segmenting and labeling sequence data. Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Machine Learning 2001;282\u201389."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rabiner LR. A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition. Proceedings of the IEEE 1989;77(2):257\u201386.","DOI":"10.1109\/5.18626"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R1","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/30\/4\/R01","article-title":"Activity identification using body-mounted sensors\u2014a review of classification techniques","volume":"30","author":"Preece","year":"2009","journal-title":"Physiol Meas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rahman M, Ali AA, Plarre K, al'Absi M, Ertin E, Kumar S. mConverse: inferring conversation episodes from respiratory measurements collected in the field. In Proceedings of ACM Wireless Health 2011.","DOI":"10.1145\/2077546.2077557"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib34","series-title":"Multi-sensor data fusion\u2013 an introduction","author":"Mitchell","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mustang M, Raij AB, Ganesan D, Kumar S, Shiffman S. Exploring micro-incentive strategies for participant compensation in high burden studies. In Proceedings of ACM UbiComp 2011;435\u201344.","DOI":"10.1145\/2030112.2030170"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib36","unstructured":"Estrin D, Sim I. Open mHealth. openmHealth.org\/, 2010."},{"issue":"6005","key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1196187","article-title":"Open mHealth architecture: an engine for health care innovation","volume":"330","author":"Estrin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raij AB, Ghosh A, Kumar S, Srivastava MB. Privacy risks emerging from the adoption of innocuous wearable sensors in the mobile environment. In Proceedings of ACM CHI 2011;11\u201320.","DOI":"10.1145\/1978942.1978945"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017_bib39","article-title":"Adaptive security and privacy for mHealth sensing","author":"Mare","year":"2011","journal-title":"In USENIX Workshop on Health Security (HealthSec)"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Preventive Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749379713002778?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0749379713002778?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,18]],"date-time":"2019-07-18T09:06:59Z","timestamp":1563440819000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0749379713002778"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0749379713002778"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amepre.2013.03.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0749-3797"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0749-3797","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}}}