{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T21:08:31Z","timestamp":1792012111308,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]],"date-time":"2014-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409529600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]],"date-time":"2014-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409529600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KHL097158A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KHL097158A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajconline.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,18]],"date-time":"2014-06-18T10:21:34Z","timestamp":1403086894000},"page":"686-691","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Comparison of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Volume and Coronary Artery Disease Severity in Asymptomatic Adults With Versus Without Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Elliott M.","family":"Groves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashwini S.","family":"Erande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Salcedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khiet C.","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilbahar S.","family":"Mohar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhood","family":"Saremi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiye","family":"Im","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yashwant","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pradeep","family":"Nadeswaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nassim","family":"Naderi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaista","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.20840","article-title":"Relationship between epicardial fat measured by 64-multidetector computed tomography and coronary artery disease","volume":"34","author":"Iwasaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.743062","article-title":"Pericardial fat, visceral abdominal fat, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and vascular calcification in a community-based sample\u2014the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"117","author":"Rosito","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2008.03411.x","article-title":"Increased epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) volume in type 2 diabetes mellitus and association with metabolic syndrome and severity of coronary atherosclerosis","volume":"70","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-200502000-00007","article-title":"Pericardial and visceral adipose tissues measured volumetrically with computed tomography are highly associated in type 2 diabetic families","volume":"40","author":"Wheeler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2009.12.013","article-title":"Pericardial fat burden on ECG-gated noncontrast CT in asymptomatic patients who subsequently experience adverse cardiovascular events","volume":"3","author":"Cheng","year":"2010","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2010.246","article-title":"Pericardial fat amount is an independent risk factor of coronary artery stenosis assessed by multidetector-row computed tomography: the Korean Atherosclerosis Study 2","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2482071908","article-title":"Bachmann bundle and its arterial supply: imaging with multidetector CT\u2014implications for interatrial conduction abnormalities and arrhythmias","volume":"248","author":"Saremi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(90)90282-T","article-title":"Quantification of coronary artery calcium using ultrafast computed tomography","volume":"15","author":"Agatston","year":"1990","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.211.1.r99ap15283","article-title":"Abdominal fat: standardized technique for measurement at CT","volume":"211","author":"Yoshizumi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/48.4.936","article-title":"Abdominal composition quantified by computed tomography","volume":"48","author":"Baumgartner","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib11","first-page":"26","article-title":"Echocardiographic assessment of epicardial adipose tissue\u2014a marker of visceral adiposity","volume":"10","author":"Singh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mcgill J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.08.010","article-title":"Relation of epicardial adipose tissue to coronary atherosclerosis","volume":"102","author":"Djaberi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0b013e3181fcb238","article-title":"Guidelines for the primary prevention of stroke. A guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association","volume":"42","author":"Goldstein","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2003.45","article-title":"Epicardial fat from echocardiography: a new method for\u00a0visceral adipose tissue prediction","volume":"11","author":"Iacobellis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obes Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2010.05.034","article-title":"Perivascular adipose tissue as a cause of atherosclerosis","volume":"214","author":"Verhagen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.27358","article-title":"The association of pericardial fat with incident coronary heart disease: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)","volume":"90","author":"Ding","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2223","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2010.01141.x","article-title":"The role of epicardial and perivascular adipose tissue in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease","volume":"14","author":"Ouwens","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2009.11.005","article-title":"Crosstalk between perivascular adipose tissue and blood vessels","volume":"10","author":"Rajsheker","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-5-1","article-title":"Human epicardial adipose tissue expresses a pathogenic profile of adipocytokines in patients with cardiovascular disease","volume":"5","author":"Baker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2008.05.006","article-title":"Extension of coronary artery disease is associated with increased IL-6 and decreased adiponectin gene expression in epicardial adipose tissue","volume":"43","author":"Eiras","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2460","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000099542.57313.C5","article-title":"Human epicardial adipose tissue is a source of inflammatory mediators","volume":"108","author":"Mazurek","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.04.024","article-title":"Epicardial adipose tissue as a predictor of coronary artery disease in asymptomatic subjects","volume":"110","author":"Bachar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2005.074872","article-title":"Epicardial adipose tissue imaged by magnetic resonance imaging: an important risk marker of cardiovascular disease","volume":"92","author":"Kessels","year":"2006","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.10.035","article-title":"Combining body mass index with measures of central obesity in the assessment of mortality in subjects with coronary disease role of \u201cnormal weight central obesity\u201d","volume":"61","author":"Coutinho","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm243","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of body mass index to detect obesity in patients with coronary artery disease","volume":"28","author":"Romero-Corral","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.04.002","article-title":"Relation of epicardial and pericoronary fat to coronary atherosclerosis and coronary artery calcium in patients undergoing coronary angiography","volume":"102","author":"Gorter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2571","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000068341.61180.55","article-title":"Electron-beam tomography coronary artery calcium and cardiac events a 37-month follow-up of 5635 initially asymptomatic low-to intermediate-risk adults","volume":"107","author":"Kondos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.10.079","article-title":"Long-term prognosis associated with coronary calcification: observations from a registry of 25,253 patients","volume":"49","author":"Budoff","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2283021006","article-title":"Prognostic value of cardiac risk factors and coronary artery calcium screening for all-cause mortality","volume":"228","author":"Shaw","year":"2003","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.09.3543","article-title":"Comparison of sequential and helical scanning for radiation dose and image quality: results of the Prospective Multicenter Study on Radiation Dose Estimates of Cardiac CT Angiography (PROTECTION) I Study","volume":"194","author":"Bischoff","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002914914012958?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002914914012958?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T06:26:49Z","timestamp":1757572009000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002914914012958"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002914914012958"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9149"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9149","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comparison of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Volume and Coronary Artery Disease Severity in Asymptomatic Adults With Versus Without Diabetes Mellitus","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2014.05.057","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}