{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T21:03:09Z","timestamp":1777669389102,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajconline.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T22:04:47Z","timestamp":1600121087000},"page":"115-121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Relevance of Functional Mitral Regurgitation in Aortic Valve Stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5660-6162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Benfari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3618-2833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Setti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Nistri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Fanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Maffeis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4425-1912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elvin","family":"Tafciu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Pighi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariantonietta","family":"Cicoira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flavio Luciano","family":"Ribichini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69208-8","article-title":"Burden of valvular heart diseases: a population-based study","volume":"368","author":"Nkomo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2739","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx391","article-title":"2017 ESC\/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease","volume":"38","author":"Baumgartner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jet269","article-title":"Functional mitral regurgitation in patients with aortic stenosis: prevalence, clinical correlates and pathophysiological determinants: a quantitative prospective study","volume":"15","author":"Rossi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jex172","article-title":"Concomitant mitral regurgitation and aortic stenosis: one step further to low-flow preserved ejection fraction aortic stenosis","volume":"19","author":"Benfari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2017.12.004","article-title":"Mitral effective regurgitant orifice area predicts pulmonary artery pressure level in patients with aortic valve stenosis","volume":"31","author":"Benfari","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"I443","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.526046","article-title":"Aortic valve replacement and concomitant mitral valve regurgitation in the elderly: impact on survival and functional outcome","volume":"112","author":"Barreiro","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0007","article-title":"Aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation: implications for transcatheter valve treatment","volume":"9","author":"Barbanti","year":"2013","journal-title":"EuroIntervention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"I541","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.000976","article-title":"Natural history and predictors of outcome in patients with concomitant functional mitral regurgitation at the time of aortic valve replacement","volume":"114","author":"Ruel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2015.12.006","article-title":"Natural history of coexistent mitral regurgitation after aortic valve replacement","volume":"151","author":"Schubert","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.300084","article-title":"Current management of calcific aortic stenosis","volume":"113","author":"Lindman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2019.01.036","article-title":"Management of asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis: evolving concepts in timing of valve replacement","volume":"13","author":"Lindman","year":"2020","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.08.1033","article-title":"Transcatheter aortic valve replacement in low-risk patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis","volume":"72","author":"Waksman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1912846","article-title":"Early surgery or conservative care for asymptomatic aortic stenosis","volume":"382","author":"Kang","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.04.091","article-title":"Feasibility and relevance of right parasternal view for assessing severity and rate of progression of aortic valve stenosis in primary care","volume":"240","author":"Benfari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jew335","article-title":"Recommendations on the echocardiographic assessment of aortic valve stenosis: a focused update from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging and the American Society of Echocardiography","volume":"18","author":"Baumgartner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2017.09.006","article-title":"Impact of mitral annular calcium on outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation","volume":"120","author":"Ancona","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.08.872","article-title":"Mitral annulus calcification","volume":"66","author":"Abramowitz","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0886-0440.2004.00362.x","article-title":"Does functional mitral regurgitation improve with isolated aortic valve replacement?","volume":"19","author":"Moazami","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Card Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2776","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.003885","volume":"128","author":"Barbanti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3351","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx381","article-title":"Staging classification of aortic stenosis based on the extent of cardiac damage","volume":"38","author":"Genereux","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0021","first-page":"33","article-title":"Aortic stenosis with other concomitant valvular disease: aortic regurgitation, mitral regurgitation, mitral stenosis, or tricuspid regurgitation","volume":"38","author":"Unger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz314","article-title":"Causes and mechanisms of isolated mitral regurgitation in the community: clinical context and outcome","volume":"40","author":"Dziadzko","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2004.03.049","article-title":"Tissue Doppler imaging in patients with moderate to severe aortic valve stenosis: clinical usefulness and diagnostic accuracy","volume":"148","author":"Bruch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2009.07.008","article-title":"Differential effects of afterload on left ventricular long- and short-axis function: insights from a clinical model of patients with aortic valve stenosis undergoing aortic valve replacement","volume":"158","author":"Carasso","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.12.076","article-title":"Effect of aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis on severity of mitral regurgitation","volume":"83","author":"Vanden Eynden","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1093\/ejechocard\/jer147","article-title":"Acute left ventricle diastolic function improvement after transcatheter aortic valve implantation","volume":"12","author":"Goncalves","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1699","article-title":"Functional mitral regurgitation and left atrial myopathy in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","author":"Tamargo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2011.10.035","article-title":"Hemodynamic progression and outcome of asymptomatic aortic stenosis in primary care","volume":"109","author":"Nistri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.109.848259","article-title":"Evaluation of patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis who do not undergo aortic valve replacement: the potential role of subjectively overestimated operative risk","volume":"2","author":"Bach","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.08.1035","article-title":"Aortic valve stenosis treatment disparities in the underserved: JACC council perspectives","volume":"74","author":"Batchelor","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30473-2","article-title":"Outcome and undertreatment of mitral regurgitation: a community cohort study","volume":"391","author":"Dziadzko","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2018.3152","article-title":"Outcomes of patients with asymptomatic aortic stenosis followed up in heart valve clinics","volume":"3","author":"Lancellotti","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.01.045","article-title":"Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with aortic stenosis","volume":"71","author":"Ito","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002914920309541?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002914920309541?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T06:35:48Z","timestamp":1757572548000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002914920309541"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S0002914920309541"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9149"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9149","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Relevance of Functional Mitral Regurgitation in Aortic Valve Stenosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}