{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T16:28:07Z","timestamp":1758040087966,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajconline.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T22:47:14Z","timestamp":1615243634000},"page":"S10-S14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"S1","title":["Evolution of Clinical Thinking and Practice Regarding Aspirin: What Has Changed and Why?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"144","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1214-7881","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Charles V.","family":"Pollack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tracy Y.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198511283132201","article-title":"Aspirin, sulfinpyrazone, or both in unstable angina. Results of a Canadian multicenter trial","volume":"313","author":"Cairns","year":"1985","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/voxs.12529","article-title":"Anti-platelet agents: past, present and future","volume":"15","author":"Cox","year":"2020","journal-title":"ISBT Sci Ser"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.023164","article-title":"Aspirin for primary cardiovascular risk prevention and beyond in diabetes mellitus","volume":"134","author":"Capodanno","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1080\/17474086.2018.1400378","article-title":"The quest for safer antithrombotic treatment regimens in patients with coronary artery disease: new strategies and paradigm shifts","volume":"11","author":"Moon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Rev Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.023952","article-title":"A critical appraisal of aspirin in secondary prevention: is less more?","volume":"134","author":"Gargiulo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.324.7329.71","article-title":"Collaborative meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in high risk patients","volume":"324","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.19521","article-title":"Laboratory aspirin resistance and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease on confirmed aspirin adherence","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Atheroscler Thromb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0008","first-page":"s25","article-title":"Aspirin: promise and resistance in the new millennium","volume":"28","author":"Carlo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2340","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2005.01555.x","article-title":"Cyclooxygenase-1 haplotype modulates platelet response to aspirin","volume":"3","author":"Maree","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost JTH"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2016.08.019","article-title":"Impact of genetic variation in the 5-HT transporter and receptor on platelet function in patients with stable CAD taking aspirin","volume":"146","author":"Bajrangee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Thromb Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2008.03183.x","article-title":"Pharmacogenetics of aspirin resistance: a comprehensive systematic review","volume":"66","author":"Goodman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.03997.x","article-title":"The role of weight and enteric coating on aspirin response in cardiovascular patients","volume":"8","author":"Peace","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost JTH"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa003199","article-title":"Cyclooxygenase inhibitors and the antiplatelet effects of aspirin","volume":"345","author":"Catella-Lawson","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-018-1764-5","article-title":"A narrative review of the cardiovascular risks associated with concomitant aspirin and NSAID use","volume":"47","author":"Gurbel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1075","article-title":"Reduced variability to aspirin antiplatelet effect by the coadministration of statins in high-risk patients for cardiovascular disease","volume":"104","author":"Tacconelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1908419","article-title":"Ticagrelor with or without aspirin in high-risk patients after PCI","volume":"381","author":"Mehran","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2407","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.7580","article-title":"Effect of ticagrelor monotherapy vs ticagrelor with aspirin on major bleeding and cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome: the TICO randomized clinical trial","volume":"323","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-018-0118-5","article-title":"Predictors of stent thrombosis and their implications for clinical practice","volume":"16","author":"Gori","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0019","unstructured":"Ticagrelor plus aspirin for 1 month, followed by ticagrelor monotherapy for 23 months vs aspirin plus clopidogrel or ticagrelor for 12 months, followed by aspirin monotherapy for 12 months after implantation of a drug-eluting stent: a multicentre, open-label, randomised superiority trial - The Lancet. Accessed October 24, 2020. https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736(18)31858-0\/fulltext"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0020","article-title":"Oral antiplatelet therapy for acute ischaemic stroke","volume":"2014","author":"Sandercock","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61448-2","article-title":"Effect of urgent treatment of transient ischaemic attack and minor stroke on early recurrent stroke (EXPRESS study): a prospective population-based sequential comparison","volume":"370","author":"Rothwell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1159\/000131083","article-title":"Guidelines for management of ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack 2008","volume":"25","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis Basel Switz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0023","unstructured":"Guidelines for the Prevention of Stroke in Patients With Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack | Stroke. Accessed October 17, 2020. https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1161\/STR.0000000000000024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjqcco\/qcz024","article-title":"Short- vs. long-term dual antiplatelet therapy in secondary prevention for ischaemic stroke: a network metanalysis","volume":"5","author":"Pugliese","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Heart J - Qual Care Clin Outcomes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30468-8","article-title":"Effects of aspirin on risk and severity of early recurrent stroke after transient ischaemic attack and ischaemic stroke: time-course analysis of randomised trials","volume":"388","author":"Rothwell","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang Y, Zhao X, Liu L, Wang D, Wang C, Li H, Meng X, Cui L, Jia J, Dong Q, for the CHANCE Investigators. Clopidogrel with Aspirin in Acute Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1215340.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1215340"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1159\/000369778","article-title":"Aspirin plus clopidogrel as secondary prevention after stroke or transient ischemic attack: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001844","article-title":"Effect of clopidogrel with aspirin on functional outcome in TIA or minor stroke: CHANCE substudy","volume":"85","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.564906","article-title":"Effect of combined aspirin and extended-release dipyridamole versus clopidogrel on functional outcome and recurrence in acute, mild ischemic stroke","volume":"41","author":"Bath","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16721-4","article-title":"Aspirin and clopidogrel compared with clopidogrel alone after recent ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack in high-risk patients (MATCH): randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"364","author":"Diener","year":"2004","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70094-2","article-title":"Cilostazol as an alternative to aspirin after ischaemic stroke: a randomised, double-blind, pilot study","volume":"7","author":"Huang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70198-8","article-title":"Cilostazol for prevention of secondary stroke (CSPS 2): an aspirin-controlled, double-blind, randomised non-inferiority trial","volume":"9","author":"Shinohara","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603060","article-title":"Ticagrelor versus aspirin in acute stroke or transient ischemic attack","volume":"375","author":"Johnston","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1916870","article-title":"Ticagrelor and aspirin or aspirin alone in acute ischemic stroke or TIA","volume":"383","author":"Johnston","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1401105","article-title":"Aspirin in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery","volume":"370","author":"Devereaux","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10925","article-title":"Effect of aspirin in vascular surgery in patients from a randomized clinical trial (POISE-2)","volume":"105","author":"Biccard","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.7326\/M17-2341","article-title":"Aspirin in patients with previous percutaneous coronary intervention undergoing noncardiac surgery","volume":"168","author":"Graham","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0038","article-title":"Continuation versus discontinuation of antiplatelet therapy for bleeding and ischaemic events in adults undergoing non-cardiac surgery","volume":"7","author":"Lewis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.07.944","article-title":"2014 ACC\/AHA guideline on perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and management of patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines","volume":"64","author":"Fleisher","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2017.10.051","article-title":"A Multidisciplinary approach on the perioperative antithrombotic management of patients with coronary stents undergoing surgery: surgery after stenting 2","volume":"11","author":"Rossini","year":"2018","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000875","article-title":"Perioperative management of antiplatelet therapy in noncardiac surgery","volume":"33","author":"Filipescu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.7840","article-title":"Perioperative cardiovascular risk assessment and management for noncardiac surgery: a review","volume":"324","author":"Smilowitz","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0043","first-page":"289","volume":"38","author":"Godier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fredenburgh JC, Weitz JI. New anticoagulants: moving beyond the direct oral anticoagulants. J Thromb Haemost. doi:10.1111\/jth.15126","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.15126"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021_bib0045","article-title":"Highlights from the 2019 International Aspirin Foundation Scientific Conference, Rome, 28 June 2019: benefits and risks of antithrombotic therapy for cardiovascular disease prevention","volume":"14","author":"Walker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecancermedicalscience"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002914920313485?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002914920313485?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T06:36:29Z","timestamp":1757572589000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002914920313485"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S0002914920313485"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9149"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0002-9149"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evolution of Clinical Thinking and Practice Regarding Aspirin: What Has Changed and Why?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.12.021","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}