{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T17:08:48Z","timestamp":1794071328491,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]],"date-time":"2009-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1251763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,1]],"date-time":"2009-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1251763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["amjmed.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,27]],"date-time":"2009-08-27T05:35:43Z","timestamp":1251351343000},"page":"843-850","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Psychiatric Comorbidity and Other Psychological Factors in Patients with \u201cChronic Lyme Disease\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"122","author":[{"given":"Afton L.","family":"Hassett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane C.","family":"Radvanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Buyske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shantal V.","family":"Savage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard H.","family":"Sigal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200107123450207","article-title":"Lyme disease","volume":"345","author":"Steere","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1086\/508667","article-title":"The clinical assessment, treatment, and prevention of Lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and babesiosis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"43","author":"Wormser","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib3","first-page":"454","article-title":"Lyme disease: an infectious and postinfectious syndrome","volume":"21","author":"Asch","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib4","first-page":"1392","article-title":"Clinical and neurocognitive features of the post Lyme syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Bujak","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.5.609","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of persons with Lyme disease","volume":"283","author":"Seltzer","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-121-8-199410150-00002","article-title":"The long-term clinical outcomes of Lyme disease","volume":"121","author":"Shadick","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-131-12-199912210-00003","article-title":"Musculoskeletal and neurologic outcomes in patients with previously treated Lyme disease","volume":"131","author":"Shadick","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-136-6-200203190-00005","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of early Lyme disease in patients with microbiologically confirmed erythema migrans","volume":"136","author":"Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1086\/513873","article-title":"Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha treatment activates Borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes 4 weeks after ceftriaxone treatment in C3H\/He mice","volume":"195","author":"Yrj\u00e4n\u00e4inen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1089\/153036602321653842","article-title":"Controlled trials of antibiotic treatment in patients with post-treatment chronic Lyme disease","volume":"2","author":"Klempner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib11","first-page":"350","article-title":"Evaluation of a new culture medium for Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"3","author":"Marques","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Vet Diagnos Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra072023","article-title":"A critical appraisal of \u201cchronic Lyme disease\u201d","volume":"357","author":"Feder","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib13","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Evidence-based guidelines for the management of Lyme disease","volume":"2","author":"Cameron","year":"2004","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(90)90520-N","article-title":"Summary of the first 100 patients seen at a Lyme disease referral center","volume":"88","author":"Sigal","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1996.00440130011002","article-title":"The Lyme disease controversy","volume":"156","author":"Sigal","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyi180","article-title":"Commentary: \u2018What\u2019s in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet.'","volume":"34","author":"Sigal","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200107123450202","article-title":"Two controlled trials of antibiotic treatment in patients with persistent symptoms and a history of Lyme disease","volume":"345","author":"Klempner","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780361103","article-title":"Chronic Lyme disease as the incorrect diagnosis in patients with fibromyalgia","volume":"36","author":"Hsu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-128-5-199803010-00003","article-title":"The consequences of overdiagnosis and overtreatment of Lyme disease: an observational study","volume":"128","author":"Reid","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03500140064037","article-title":"The overdiagnosis of Lyme disease","volume":"269","author":"Steere","year":"1993","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(00)00701-4","article-title":"Intralaboratory reliability of serologic and urine testing for Lyme disease","volume":"110","author":"Klempner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.11.981","article-title":"Chronic multisymptom illness affecting Air Force veterans of the Gulf War","volume":"280","author":"Fukuda","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.02110s4607","article-title":"Contributions of societal and geographical environments to \u201cChronic Lyme Disease\u201d: the psychopathogenesis and aporology of a new \u201cmedically unexplained symptoms\u201d syndrome","volume":"110","author":"Sigal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1790110514","article-title":"Psychological factors in the prediction of Lyme disease course","volume":"11","author":"Solomon","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib25","series-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR), 4th edn, text revision","year":"2000"},{"issue":"RR-13","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib26","first-page":"1","article-title":"Case definitions for public health surveillance","volume":"39","author":"Wharton","year":"1990","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1086\/314053","article-title":"Guidelines from the Infectious Disease Society of America","volume":"31","author":"Wormser","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330203","article-title":"The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia: report of the multicenter criteria committee","volume":"33","author":"Wolfe","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03520220043029","article-title":"Utility of a new procedure for diagnosing mental disorders in primary care","volume":"272","author":"Spitzer","year":"1994","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820080032005","article-title":"The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID)","volume":"49","author":"Spitzer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib31","series-title":"MCMI-III Manual","author":"Millon","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022360031491","article-title":"Validation of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory for disorders: does it meet the Daubert standard?","volume":"23","author":"Rogers","year":"1999","journal-title":"Law Hum Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(199407)50:4<656::AID-JCLP2270500425>3.0.CO;2-V","article-title":"A comparison of the differential diagnostic efficiency of three personality disorder inventories","volume":"50","author":"Guthrie","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(83)90125-2","article-title":"The use of coping strategies in lower back pain patients: relationships to patient characteristics and current adjustment","volume":"17","author":"Rosenstiel","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21865","article-title":"Catastrophizing and pain in arthritis, fibromyalgia, and other rheumatic diseases","volume":"55","author":"Edwards","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(94)90006-X","article-title":"The factor structure of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire","volume":"57","author":"Swartzman","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.54.6.1063","article-title":"Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales","volume":"54","author":"Watson","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Personality Soc Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib38","first-page":"728","article-title":"The Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire: development and validation","volume":"18","author":"Burckhardt","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199902)12:1<42::AID-ART7>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"The Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire: a useful tool in evaluating patients with Post-LD Syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Fallon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.2307\/2090408","article-title":"A new asymmetric measure of association for ordinal variables","volume":"27","author":"Somers","year":"1962","journal-title":"Am Sociol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib41","series-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.617","article-title":"Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication","volume":"62","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.09.019","article-title":"DSM-IV personality disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication","volume":"62","author":"Lenzenweger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000146329.63158.40","article-title":"Comorbid depression and anxiety in fibromyalgia syndrome: relationship to somatic and psychosocial variables","volume":"66","author":"Thieme","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.11.1341","article-title":"Personality disorder a possibility in \u201cproblem\u201d patients, specialists say","volume":"296","author":"Lamberg","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib46","first-page":"2716","article-title":"Subgrouping of fibromyalgia patients on the basis of pressure-pain thresholds and psychological factors","volume":"50","author":"Giesecke","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2008.02.013","article-title":"Perspectives on \u201cChronic Lyme Disease\u201d","volume":"121","author":"Baker","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2007.08.001","article-title":"American Society for Microbiology","volume":"35","author":"Moellering","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022_bib49","first-page":"387","article-title":"Improving inpatient antibiotic prescribing: insights from participation in a national collaborative","volume":"27","author":"Schiff","year":"2001","journal-title":"Jt Comm J Qual Improv"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002934309003428?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002934309003428?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T08:50:44Z","timestamp":1757580644000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002934309003428"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002934309003428"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9343","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Psychiatric Comorbidity and Other Psychological Factors in Patients with \u201cChronic Lyme Disease\u201d","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.02.022","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}