{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T12:05:41Z","timestamp":1789733141647,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["amjmed.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,17]],"date-time":"2013-04-17T02:01:05Z","timestamp":1366164065000},"page":"641.e1-641.e6","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Black Pleural Effusion"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Saraya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard W.","family":"Light","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hajime","family":"Takizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hajime","family":"Goto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.1.156","article-title":"Clinical implications of appearance of pleural fluid at thoracentesis","volume":"125","author":"Villena","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib2","first-page":"501","article-title":"Pulmonary oxalosis caused by Aspergillus niger","volume":"129","author":"Metzger","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.87.3.404","article-title":"Charcoal-containing empyema complicating treatment for overdose","volume":"87","author":"Justiniani","year":"1985","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.101.3.870","article-title":"Invasive Aspergillus niger with fatal pulmonary oxalosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"101","author":"Kimmerling","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/13693780500148392","article-title":"Empyema thoracis due to Rhizopus oryzae in an allogenic bone marrow transplant recipient","volume":"44","author":"Lai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arbres.2008.09.002","article-title":"Black pleural fluid [Spanish]","volume":"45","author":"Rojas-Solano","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Bronconeumol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-2113.63615","article-title":"Unusual thoracic manifestation of metastatic malignant melanoma","volume":"27","author":"Mohan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lung India"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E314","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.091312","article-title":"Black pleural effusion in melanoma","volume":"182","author":"Liao","year":"2010","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-1493","article-title":"A 54-year-old man with an uncommon cause of left pleural effusion","volume":"141","author":"Koide","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib10","first-page":"309","article-title":"Charles Thom, November 11, 1872-May 24, 1956","volume":"38","author":"Raper","year":"1965","journal-title":"Biogr Mem Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/64.4.556","article-title":"Localized deposition of calcium oxalate around a pulmonary Aspergillus niger fungus ball","volume":"64","author":"Kurrein","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib12","first-page":"437","article-title":"Pulmonary metastases","volume":"20","author":"Libshitz","year":"1982","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.137.2.293","article-title":"Metastatic melanoma in the thorax: report of 130 patients","volume":"137","author":"Chen","year":"1981","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2009.065599","article-title":"Cytological features of melanoma in exfoliative fluid specimens","volume":"62","author":"Murali","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800620110","article-title":"The natural and unnatural history of pancreatic pseudocysts","volume":"62","author":"Sankaran","year":"1975","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199011000-00002","article-title":"Pancreaticopleural fistula. Report of 7 patients and review of the literature","volume":"69","author":"Rockey","year":"1990","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(78)90371-2","article-title":"Chronic pancreatic ascites and pancreatic pleural effusions","volume":"74","author":"Cameron","year":"1978","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.23.3.297","article-title":"Pleuropulmonary complications of pancreatitis","volume":"23","author":"Kaye","year":"1968","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1987.01400180030006","article-title":"Pancreaticopleural fistulas","volume":"122","author":"Pottmeyer","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib20","first-page":"387","article-title":"Pancreatic pleural effusion: case report and review of 113 cases in Japan","volume":"87","author":"Uchiyama","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2005.12.004","article-title":"Pleural effusions of extravascular origin","volume":"27","author":"Sahn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(94)91022-7","article-title":"Traumatic thoracobiliary fistula","volume":"57","author":"Rothberg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib23","first-page":"431","article-title":"Traumatic bronchobiliary fistulae","volume":"27","author":"Anderson","year":"1961","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.62.4.523","article-title":"Bronchobiliary fistula secondary to amebic liver abscess","volume":"62","author":"Roy","year":"1972","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)65218-6","article-title":"Thoracobilia: a surgical complication of hepatic echinococcosis and amebiasis","volume":"14","author":"Amir-Jahed","year":"1972","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)63443-1","article-title":"Bronchobiliary and bronchopleural fistulas","volume":"24","author":"Boyd","year":"1977","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.98.6.1535","article-title":"Bilious pleural effusion following liver biopsy","volume":"98","author":"Pisani","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.94.4.874","article-title":"Bronchopleurobiliary fistula. A complication of intrahepatic biliary stent migration","volume":"94","author":"Dasmahapatra","year":"1988","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/137.4.959","article-title":"Biliopleural fistula as a complication of percutaneous biliary drainage: experimental evidence for pleural inflammation","volume":"137","author":"Strange","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.137.3.503","article-title":"Percutaneous catheter biliary decompression","volume":"137","author":"Clark","year":"1981","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.142.5.1013","article-title":"The safe intercostal approach? Pleural complications in abdominal interventional radiology","volume":"142","author":"Nichols","year":"1984","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.27.3.368","article-title":"Zinc, copper, and iron content of pleural fluid in benign and neoplastic disease","volume":"27","author":"Dines","year":"1972","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2007.09.003","article-title":"Operative and nonoperative management of pancreatic pseudocysts","volume":"87","author":"Bergman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002934313000089?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002934313000089?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T09:00:54Z","timestamp":1757581254000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002934313000089"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002934313000089"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9343"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9343","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Black Pleural Effusion","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.11.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}