{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T02:00:42Z","timestamp":1780452042119,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of the Medical Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,2]],"date-time":"2016-04-02T04:45:46Z","timestamp":1459572346000},"page":"563-569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Morfeo Study II: Clinical Course and Complications in Patients With Long-Term Disorders of Consciousness"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"351","author":[{"given":"Caterina","family":"Romaniello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik","family":"Bertoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nunzio","family":"Matera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Farinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Pedone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Lo studio GISCAR sulle gravi cerebrolesioni acquisite. Aspetti metodologici e dati preliminari","volume":"17","author":"Zampolini","year":"2003","journal-title":"G Ital Med Riab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050500487605","article-title":"The vegetative state: a report of two cases with a long-term follow-up","volume":"20","author":"Avesani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2012.750758","article-title":"An Italian population study on 600 persons in vegetative state and minimally conscious state","volume":"27","author":"Leonardi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib4","series-title":"Dal Coma Alla Comunit\u00e0","first-page":"48","author":"Piperno","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib5","first-page":"73","article-title":"National Consensus Conference. The rehabilitation management of traumatic brain injury patients during the acute phase: criteria for referral and transfer from intensive care units to rehabilitative facilities (Modena June 20-21, 2000)","volume":"42","author":"Taricco","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eura Medicophys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2013.03.030","article-title":"Integration of intensive care treatment and neurorehabilitation in patients with disorders of consciousness: a program description and case report","volume":"94","author":"Eifert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2014.3659","article-title":"Comorbidities: a key issue in patients with disorders of consciousness","volume":"32","author":"Pistoia","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2006.01883.x","article-title":"Prevalence and associated factors of pneumonia in patients with vegetative state in Taiwan","volume":"17","author":"Lin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2012.12.026","article-title":"Medical comorbidities in disorders of consciousness patients and their association with functional outcome","volume":"94","author":"Ganesh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2012.12.027","article-title":"Medical complications during inpatient rehabilitation among patients with traumatic disorders of consciousness","volume":"94","author":"Whyte","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01405137","article-title":"Medical complications and mortality of patients in the postcomatose unawareness (PC-U) state","volume":"112","author":"Sazbon","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1991.00400050078015","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of patients in the persistent vegetative state","volume":"151","author":"Tresch","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2012.11.019","article-title":"Patient risk factors for pressure ulcer development: systematic review","volume":"50","author":"Coleman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1086\/344059","article-title":"Infected pressure ulcers in elderly individuals","volume":"35","author":"Livesley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2005.04.004","article-title":"Pressure ulcer risk factors in cardiac surgery: a review of the research literature","volume":"34","author":"Feuchtinger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2005.029405","article-title":"Assessment of a prognostic biochemical indicator of nutrition and inflammation for identification of pressure ulcer risk","volume":"59","author":"Reynolds","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.3109\/02699051003652831","article-title":"The Morfeo Study: a 1-year follow-up of complications of vegetative state in a dedicated facility","volume":"24","author":"Fabbri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib18","unstructured":"Italian Ministry of Health. Linee di indirizzo per l\u2019assistenza alle persone in stato vegetativo e stato di minima coscienza. Available at: http:\/\/www.salute.gov.it\/imgs\/C_17_pubblicazioni_1535_allegato.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199405263302107","article-title":"The Multi-Society Task Force on PVS: medical aspects of the persistent vegetative state","volume":"330","year":"1994","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.3.349","article-title":"The minimally conscious state: definition and diagnostic criteria","volume":"58","author":"Giacino","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000269314.23015.e9","article-title":"National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel\u2019s updated pressure ulcer staging system","volume":"20","author":"Black","year":"2007","journal-title":"Adv Skin Wound Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib22","first-page":"132","article-title":"Disability Rating Scale for severe head trauma: coma to community","volume":"63","author":"Rappaport","year":"1982","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib23","series-title":"Rehabilitation of the Head Injured Adult. Comprehensive Physical Management","first-page":"87","article-title":"Levels of cognitive functioning","author":"Hagen","year":"1979"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib24","series-title":"Handbook of Parametric and Nonparametric Statistical Procedures","first-page":"505","author":"Sheskin","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib25","first-page":"1462","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)","volume":"28","author":"Mancia","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2011.635358","article-title":"Rehabilitation of traumatic brain injury in Italy: a multi-centred study","volume":"26","author":"Zampolini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181e8e8cc","article-title":"Late recovery after traumatic, anoxic, or hemorrhagic long-lasting vegetative state","volume":"75","author":"Estraneo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-8994(99)00051-X","article-title":"Life expectancy and median survival time in the permanent vegetative state","volume":"21","author":"Strauss","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2009.03.015","article-title":"Mortality over four decades after traumatic brain injury rehabilitation: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"90","author":"Harrison-Felix","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181e8e8df","article-title":"Long-term outcomes of chronic minimally conscious and vegetative states","volume":"75","author":"Luaut\u00e9","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1986.tb05475.x","article-title":"Prevalence survey of infections and their predisposing factors at a hospital-based nursing home care unit","volume":"34","author":"Franson","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.20.1605","article-title":"Risk factors for ICU-acquired pneumonia","volume":"279","author":"Cook","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib33","first-page":"819","article-title":"Vegetative state","volume":"8","author":"Krimchansky","year":"2006","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.40.8.1163","article-title":"Seizure recurrence after a 1st unprovoked seizure: an extended follow\u2010up","volume":"40","author":"Hauser","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285609351945","article-title":"Treating epilepsy across its different stages","volume":"3","author":"Beghi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ther Adv Neurol Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.64.1.108","article-title":"Prophylactic antiepileptic agents after head injury: a systematic review","volume":"64","author":"Schierhout","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(09)17707-5","article-title":"Natural history of recovery from brain injury after prolonged disorders of consciousness: outcome of patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation with 1-4 year follow-up","volume":"177","author":"Katz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib38","first-page":"276","article-title":"Hypoalbuminemia as a prognostic factor in sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock","volume":"25","author":"Gupta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3182741a54","article-title":"Association between cell-free hemoglobin, acetaminophen, and mortality in patients with sepsis: an observational study","volume":"41","author":"Janz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2011.558043","article-title":"Validation of the Italian version of the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R)","volume":"25","author":"Sacco","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Inj"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of the Medical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002962916302075?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002962916302075?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,13]],"date-time":"2018-09-13T19:54:36Z","timestamp":1536868476000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002962916302075"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002962916302075"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9629"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9629","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Morfeo Study II: Clinical Course and Complications in Patients With Long-Term Disorders of Consciousness","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of the Medical Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.01.024","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Southern Society for Clinical Investigation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}