{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T14:04:31Z","timestamp":1793369071357,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["amjmedsci.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of the Medical Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]],"date-time":"2021-06-27T05:04:01Z","timestamp":1624770241000},"page":"375-380","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["MTHFR C677T Polymorphism and Serum Homocysteine Level as Risk Factors of Coronary Heart Disease in Patients with Androgenetic Alopecia: A Case Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"362","author":[{"given":"Fawzia A","family":"Saafan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayman Z.","family":"Elsamanoudy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalia","family":"Shaalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nanees","family":"Zeidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6271-2511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad A.","family":"Gaballah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdvl.IJDVL_262_17","article-title":"Genetic and molecular aspects of androgenetic alopecia","volume":"84","author":"Martinez-Jacobo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-017-1280-y","article-title":"Androgenetic alopecia: a review","volume":"57","author":"Lolli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2014.07.079","article-title":"Alopecia and its association with coronary heart disease and cardiovascular risk factors: a meta-analysis","volume":"176","author":"Trieu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0004","first-page":"25","article-title":"Updated meta-analysis of the relation between heart disease and androgenic alopecia or alopecia areata","volume":"11","author":"Amamoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"AMJ"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23319","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.801","article-title":"Genetically elevated lipoprotein (a) and increased risk of myocardial infarction","volume":"301","author":"Kamstrup","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-6866.124368","article-title":"Prevalence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677 C-T polymorphism among mothers of Down syndrome children","volume":"19","author":"Kaur","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-11-1","article-title":"Association of methylentetraydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677 C >T gene polymorphism and homocysteine levels in psoriasis vulgaris patients from Malaysia: a case-control study","volume":"11","author":"Liew","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nutrition J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3869","DOI":"10.4238\/2015.April.22.16","article-title":"Association between MTHFR 677C\/T polymorphism and psoriasis risk: a meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Qi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genet Mol Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.13039","article-title":"Association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism and psoriasis: a meta-analysis","volume":"43","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/1177271919830973","article-title":"Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T gene polymorphism as risk factor for psoriasis in saudis","volume":"14","author":"Huraib","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomark Insights"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2013.08.016","article-title":"Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T mutation in patients with alopecia areata in Turkish population","volume":"530","author":"Kalkana","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/540597","article-title":"Serum homocysteine, vitamin B12, folic acid levels and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphism in vitiligo","volume":"33","author":"Yasar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12845","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR) and risk of vitiligo in Han Chinese populations: a genotype-phenotype correlation study","volume":"170","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0014","first-page":"471","article-title":"High incidence of MTHFR, CBS, and MTRR polymorphisms in vitiligo patients. Preliminary report in a retrospective study","volume":"23","author":"Benincasa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.08.029","article-title":"Serum homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 levels in patients with vitiligo and their potential roles as disease activity biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"80","author":"Tsai","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-3448","article-title":"Association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms and risk of vitiligo: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"100","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1159\/000504235","article-title":"Estimation of homocysteine level and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene and cystathionine B synthase (CBS) gene polymorphisms in vitiligo patients","volume":"33","author":"El-Tahlawi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Skin Pharmacol Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1111\/iji.12476","article-title":"Association of MTHFR C677T polymorphism with elevated homocysteine level and disease development in vitiligo","volume":"47","author":"Hamidi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Immunogent"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12588","article-title":"Studying the association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677 gene polymorphism, cardiovascular risk and lichen planus","volume":"46","author":"Rashed","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.31688\/ABMU.2019.54.3.16","article-title":"The role of homocysteine and other endogenous intoxication marker in the pathogenesis of lichen planus","volume":"54","author":"Melnyk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Balk Med Union"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.120638","article-title":"Androgenetic alopecia and risk of coronary artery disease","volume":"4","author":"Sharma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1951.tb31971.x","article-title":"Patterned loss of hair in man: types and incidence","volume":"53","author":"Hamilton","year":"1951","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-197511000-00009","article-title":"Male pattern baldness. Classification and incidence","volume":"68","author":"Norwood","year":"1975","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1977.tb15179.x","article-title":"Classification of the types of androgenetic alopecia (common baldness) occurring in the female sex","volume":"97","author":"Ludwig","year":"1977","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2009.09588.x","article-title":"Hypertension and aldosterone levels in women with early-onset androgenetic alopecia","volume":"162","author":"Arias-Santiago","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-7753.136747","article-title":"Association between androgenetic alopecia and coronary artery disease in young male patients","volume":"6","author":"Sharma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Trichology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.09640.x","article-title":"Prevalence of androgenetic alopecia in China: a community-based study in six cities","volume":"162","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.18203\/issn.2455-4529.IntJResDermatol20175372","article-title":"A study of the association of premature androgenetic alopecia with metabolic syndrome and coronary artery disease","volume":"3","author":"Batra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Res Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-002537","article-title":"Male pattern baldness and its association with coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"3","author":"Yamada","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.13355","article-title":"Relationship between androgenetic alopecia and cardiovascular risk factors according to BASP classification in Koreans","volume":"43","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.01.003","article-title":"Prevalence of androgenic alopecia in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and characterization of associated clinical and biochemical features","volume":"101","author":"Quinn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0032","article-title":"Is there really relationship between androgenetic alopecia and metabolic syndrome?","volume":"2015","author":"Gok","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dermatol Res Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.137776","article-title":"Androgenetic alopecia, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance: is there any association? A case-control study","volume":"5","author":"Bakry","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.4103\/1110-6530.123946","article-title":"Androgenetic alopecia as an early marker for hypertension","volume":"33","author":"Elesawy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Egypt J Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2008.03118.x","article-title":"Androgenic alopecia and insulin resistance: are they really related?","volume":"34","author":"Nabaie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s12471-015-0688-3","article-title":"Association of male pattern baldness with angiographic coronary artery disease severity and collateral development","volume":"23","author":"Sari","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neth Heart J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(01)00923-X","article-title":"Homocysteine: a risk factor for retinal venous occlusive disease","volume":"109","author":"Brown","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ihj.2016.02.009","article-title":"Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and methionine synthase A2756G gene polymorphisms and associated risk of cardiovascular diseases: a study from Jammu region","volume":"68","author":"Raina","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian Heart J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.18869\/acadpub.rmm.2.3.36","article-title":"Association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T and A1298C polymorphisms with myocardial infarction from north of Fars province","volume":"2","author":"Nasiri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Res Mol Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-3583.70922","article-title":"Polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene as the genetic predispositions of coronary artery diseases in eastern India","volume":"1","author":"Dhar","year":"2010","journal-title":"JCDR"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.3019","article-title":"5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and A1298C polymorphisms: genotype frequency and association with homocysteine and folate levels in middle-southern Italian adults","volume":"32","author":"Zappacosta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Biochem Funct"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2016.07.005","article-title":"Association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism, blood folate and vitamin B12 deficiency, and elevated serum total homocysteine in healthy individuals in Yunnan province, China","volume":"80","author":"Ni","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Chin Med Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.20234","article-title":"Methionine synthase (MTR) 2756 (A.G) polymorphism, double heterozygosity methionine synthase 2756 AG\/methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) 66 AG, and elevated homocysteinemia are three risk factors for having a child with Down syndrome","volume":"121A","author":"Bosco","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN20051490","article-title":"No association between common polymorphisms in genes of folate and homocysteine metabolism and the risk of Down's syndrome among French mothers","volume":"94","author":"Chango","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of the Medical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002962921002469?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002962921002469?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T18:39:16Z","timestamp":1757702356000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002962921002469"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002962921002469"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9629"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9629","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"MTHFR C677T Polymorphism and Serum Homocysteine Level as Risk Factors of Coronary Heart Disease in Patients with Androgenetic Alopecia: A Case Control Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of the Medical Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjms.2021.06.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Southern Society for Clinical Investigation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}