{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T13:39:20Z","timestamp":1782135560690,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["amjmedsci.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of the Medical Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]],"date-time":"2022-10-18T03:47:33Z","timestamp":1666064853000},"page":"361-367","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Vitamin D deficiency on admission to the emergency department is a mortality predictor for patients with septic shock treated with early protocol-driven resuscitation bundle therapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"365","author":[{"given":"Bora","family":"Chae","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youn-Jung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seok-In","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yo Sep","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"June-Sung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Mok","family":"Ryoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Won Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0001","first-page":"1303","article-title":"Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care","volume":"29","author":"Angus","year":"2001","journal-title":"Read Online: Critical Care Medicine| Society of Critical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.87a.18143","article-title":"Sepsis and septic shock: guideline-based management","volume":"87","author":"Dugar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cleve Clin J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-018-5085-0","article-title":"The surviving sepsis campaign bundle: 2018 update","volume":"44","author":"Levy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-7-28","article-title":"Alterations in vitamin D status and anti-microbial peptide levels in patients in the intensive care unit with sepsis","volume":"7","author":"Jeng","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0005","first-page":"1","article-title":"Vitamin D and cardiovascular disorders","author":"Bouillon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djj101","article-title":"Prospective study of predictors of vitamin D status and cancer incidence and mortality in men","volume":"98","author":"Giovannucci","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"9292","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06580-1","article-title":"Intake of vitamin D and risk of type 1 diabetes: a birth-cohort study","volume":"358","author":"Hypp\u00f6nen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet North Am Ed"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.513655","article-title":"Low vitamin D levels predict stroke in patients referred to coronary angiography","volume":"39","author":"Pilz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-010-1875-8","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of vitamin D deficiency in critically ill patients: results from a prospective observational study","volume":"36","author":"Lucidarme","year":"2010","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318206ccdf","article-title":"Association of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and mortality in the critically ill","volume":"39","author":"Braun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-014-0660-4","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for infection, sepsis and mortality in the critically ill: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"de Haan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Critical care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-014-0684-9","article-title":"Association between vitamin D deficiency and mortality in critically ill adult patients: a meta-analysis of cohort studies","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Critical care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061626","article-title":"Vitamin D Supplementation in Influenza and COVID-19 Infections Comment on:\u201cEvidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths\u201d Nutrients 2020, 12 (4), 988","volume":"12","author":"Kow","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-014-0755-z","article-title":"Inflammation and vitamin D: the infection connection","volume":"63","author":"Mangin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inflamm Res"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2005.06.002","article-title":"Immunoregulation by 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3: basic concepts","volume":"97","author":"van Etten","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2017.07.010","article-title":"Regulation of immune function by vitamin D and its use in diseases of immunity","volume":"46","author":"Vanherwegen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metabol Clin"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287","article-title":"The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3)","volume":"315","author":"Singer","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0018","series-title":"The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score describes organ dysfunction\/failure","author":"Vincent","year":"1996"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0385","article-title":"Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline","volume":"96","author":"Holick","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clinic Endocrinol Metabol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2015.03.020","article-title":"Increases in pre-hospitalization serum 25 (OH) D concentrations are associated with improved 30-day mortality after hospital admission: a cohort study","volume":"35","author":"Amrein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R47","DOI":"10.1186\/cc13790","article-title":"Vitamin D status and its association with season, hospital and sepsis mortality in critical illness","volume":"18","author":"Amrein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Critic Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/2052-0492-1-14","article-title":"Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in critically ill patients and its influence on outcome: experience from a tertiary care centre in North India (an observational study)","volume":"1","author":"Azim","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Intens Care"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc0809996","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in critically ill patients","volume":"360","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31829eb7af","article-title":"Association of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and sepsis in the critically ill","volume":"42","author":"Moromizato","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0025","first-page":"284","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency-a potential risk factor for sepsis development, correlation with inflammatory markers, SOFA score and higher early mortality risk in sepsis","volume":"120","author":"Olejarova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bratisl Lek Listy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0026","article-title":"The Correlation between serum level of Vitamin D and outcome of sepsis patients; a cross-sectional study","volume":"7","author":"Shojaei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/srep40646","article-title":"25 (OH) D and 1, 25 (OH) D vitamin D fails to predict sepsis and mortality in a prospective cohort study","volume":"7","author":"Ratzinger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R292","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10585","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency is associated with mortality in the medical intensive care unit","volume":"15","author":"Venkatram","year":"2011","journal-title":"Critic Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-001-1143-z","article-title":"Epidemiology of sepsis and infection in ICU patients from an international multicentre cohort study","volume":"28","author":"Alberti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2011.01047.x","article-title":"Vitamin D insufficiency and sepsis severity in emergency department patients with suspected infection","volume":"18","author":"Ginde","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.5603\/AIT.a2016.0034","article-title":"Vitamin D in critically ill patients","volume":"48","author":"Matysiak-Lu\u015bnia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anaesthesiol Intens Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2012.27271","article-title":"Vitamin D: a novel player in endothelial function and dysfunction","volume":"8","author":"Caprio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Medic Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3765","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-06-1887","article-title":"The role of the endothelium in severe sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome","volume":"101","author":"Aird","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.01621","article-title":"Infections and the compromised immune status in the chronically critically ill patient: prevention strategies","volume":"57","author":"Cabrera-Cancio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2015(05)04","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency is independently associated with mortality among critically ill patients","volume":"70","author":"Moraes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clinics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000253405.17038.43","article-title":"Seasonal variation in the epidemiology of sepsis","volume":"35","author":"Danai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0037","first-page":"376","article-title":"Serum concentrations of vitamin D and organ dysfunction in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock","volume":"27","author":"Alves","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev Bras Terapia Intens"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.13204","article-title":"Effect of high-dose vitamin D3 on hospital length of stay in critically ill patients with vitamin D deficiency: the VITdAL-ICU randomized clinical trial","volume":"312","author":"Amrein","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005_bib0039","first-page":"106","article-title":"Effect of vitamin D3 on the severity and prognosis of patients with sepsis: a prospective randomized double-blind placebo study","volume":"29","author":"Ding","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zhonghua wei zhong bing ji jiu yi xue"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of the Medical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002962922004347?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002962922004347?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T18:42:58Z","timestamp":1757702578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002962922004347"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002962922004347"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9629"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9629","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Vitamin D deficiency on admission to the emergency department is a mortality predictor for patients with septic shock treated with early protocol-driven resuscitation bundle therapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of the Medical Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjms.2022.10.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Southern Society for Clinical Investigation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}