{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T06:42:18Z","timestamp":1773297738485,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American Journal of Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,19]],"date-time":"2020-08-19T12:36:07Z","timestamp":1597840567000},"page":"102693","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The paralyzing legal costs of facial nerve injury in head and neck tumors"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tristan","family":"Tham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Kraus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.2307\/1191413","article-title":"The medical malpractice crisis of the 1970\u2019s: a retrospective","volume":"49","author":"Robinson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Law Contemp Probl"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2009.0807","article-title":"National costs of the medical liability system","volume":"29","author":"Mello","year":"2010","journal-title":"Health Aff Proj Hope"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1992.01420050062008","article-title":"Causes of breast cancer malpractice litigation: a 20-year civil court review","volume":"127","author":"Kern","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1994.01420280073009","article-title":"Medicolegal analysis of the delayed diagnosis of cancer in 338 cases in the United States","volume":"129","author":"Kern","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1012370","article-title":"Malpractice risk according to physician specialty","volume":"365","author":"Jena","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7368","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.325.7368.822","article-title":"Squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck","volume":"325","author":"Sanderson","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s12254-014-0143-y","article-title":"Follow-up in patients treated for head and neck cancer","volume":"7","author":"Kawecki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Memo"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.129.1.50","article-title":"Medical malpractice and facial nerve paralysis","volume":"129","author":"Lydiatt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Neck Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2214","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.22136","article-title":"Toward safer practice in otology: a report on 15 years of clinical negligence claims","volume":"121","author":"Mathew","year":"2011","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000002133","article-title":"Medical malpractice of vestibular schwannoma: a 40-year review of the United States legal databases","volume":"40","author":"Birkenbeuel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol Off Publ Am Otol Soc Am Neurotol Soc Eur Acad Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-011-1882-6","article-title":"The presence of facial nerve weakness on diagnosis of a parotid gland malignant process","volume":"269","author":"Wierzbicka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1159\/000275367","article-title":"Preoperative facial paralysis in malignant parotid tumours","volume":"39","author":"Eneroth","year":"1977","journal-title":"ORL J Oto-Rhino-Laryngol Its Relat Spec"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e84","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1368149","article-title":"Facial nerve paralysis due to a pleomorphic adenoma with the imaging characteristics of a facial nerve Schwannoma","volume":"75","author":"Nader","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0070","first-page":"300","article-title":"Facial nerve paralysis. A criterion of malignancy in parotid tumors","volume":"95","author":"Eneroth","year":"1972","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Chic Ill 1960"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e65","DOI":"10.1097\/IJ9.0000000000000065","article-title":"Facial nerve disorder: a review of the literature","volume":"3","author":"Davies","year":"2018","journal-title":"IJS Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599813475566","article-title":"Salivary gland surgery and medical malpractice","volume":"148","author":"Hong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Neck Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2012.12.005","article-title":"Determining legal responsibility in otolaryngology: a review of 44 trials since 2008","volume":"34","author":"Svider","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1372522","article-title":"Facial nerve trauma: evaluation and considerations in management","volume":"8","author":"Gordin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Craniomaxillofacial Trauma Reconstr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599813498696","article-title":"Malpractice in otology","volume":"149","author":"Blake","year":"2013","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Neck Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2005.09.003","article-title":"Psychological and social factors in reconstructive surgery for hemi-facial palsy","volume":"59","author":"Bradbury","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthetic Surg JPRAS"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.24377","article-title":"Otolaryngology and medical malpractice: a review of the past decade, 2001\u20132011: medical malpractice in otolaryngology","volume":"124","author":"Hong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200205000-00009","article-title":"Cancer of the oral cavity and medical malpractice","volume":"112","author":"Lydiatt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.5152\/dir.2015.15060","article-title":"Imaging of facial nerve schwannomas: diagnostic pearls and potential pitfalls","volume":"22","author":"Mundada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diagn Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0120","first-page":"93","article-title":"The Eighth Edition AJCC Cancer Staging Manual: continuing to build a bridge from a population-based to a more \u201cpersonalized\u201d approach to cancer staging","volume":"67","author":"Amin","year":"2017","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"3_suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0125","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline: Bell\u2019s palsy","volume":"149","author":"Baugh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Neck Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"HO2","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-2042","article-title":"Inpatient notes - reducing diagnostic error\u2014a new horizon of opportunities for hospital medicine","volume":"165","author":"Singh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2007.04388.x","article-title":"Analysis of complications following surgical treatment of benign parotid disease","volume":"78","author":"Nouraei","year":"2008","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.10312","article-title":"Current management of benign parotid tumors\u2014the role of limited superficial parotidectomy","volume":"25","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2003","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(98)70103-2","article-title":"Facial nerve monitoring in parotid surgery: the standard of care?","volume":"119","author":"Witt","year":"1998","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2473974X18791803","article-title":"Contemporary opinions on intraoperative facial nerve monitoring","author":"Gidley","year":"2018","journal-title":"OTO Open"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0155","article-title":"Root cause analysis reports help identify common factors in delayed diagnosis and treatment of outpatients","volume":"32","author":"Giardina","year":"2013","journal-title":"Health Aff Proj Hope"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-016-0530-z","article-title":"Clinician-identified problems and solutions for delayed diagnosis in primary care: a PRIORITIZE study","volume":"17","author":"Car","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Fam Pract"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03540310051034","article-title":"Physician-patient communication: the relationship with malpractice claims among primary care physicians and surgeons","volume":"277","author":"Levinson","year":"1997","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0170","article-title":"Surgical errors and risks \u2013 the head and neck cancer patient","volume":"12","author":"Harr\u00e9us","year":"2013","journal-title":"GMS Curr Top Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2015.12.017","article-title":"Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: update on epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"91","author":"Marur","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2015.02.008","article-title":"Primary tumors of the facial nerve","volume":"48","author":"McRackan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Otolaryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196070920303872?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196070920303872?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T05:07:35Z","timestamp":1759295255000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0196070920303872"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0196070920303872"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693","relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-0709"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-0709","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The paralyzing legal costs of facial nerve injury in head and neck tumors","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102693","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102693"}}