{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T10:33:24Z","timestamp":1789295604052,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]],"date-time":"2017-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485907200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norwegian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["185120"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["185120"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norwegian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["229029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["229029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Lab of Oral Microbiology, Institute of Odontology, University of Gothenburg"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anaerobe"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,14]],"date-time":"2016-12-14T04:30:16Z","timestamp":1481689816000},"page":"94-98","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Low antibiotic resistance among anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria in periodontitis 5 years following metronidazole therapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Dahlen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.R.","family":"Preus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"65","key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12020","article-title":"Treatment of aggressive periodontitis","volume":"2000","author":"Teughels","year":"2014","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"issue":"71","key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12121","article-title":"Antibiotics\/antimicrobials: systemic and local administration in the therapy of mild to moderately advanced periodontitis","volume":"2000","author":"Jepsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1987.tb01574.x","article-title":"Metronidazole therapy for periodontitis","volume":"22","author":"Loesche","year":"1987","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Periodont. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01626.x","article-title":"Metronidazole plus amoxicillin in the treatment of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans associated periodontitis","volume":"16","author":"Van Winkelhoff","year":"1989","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1159\/000329676","article-title":"Antimicrobial advances in treating periodontal diseases","volume":"15","author":"Mombelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front. Oral. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2011.110432","article-title":"Effectiveness of systemic amoxicillin\/metronidazole as an adjunctive therapy to scaling and root-planing in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"83","author":"Sgolastra","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2014.130379","article-title":"Combined antibiotics and periodontal therapy","volume":"85","author":"Preus","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Periodontol."},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2005.00107.x","article-title":"Periodontal microbial ecology","volume":"2000","author":"Socransky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib9","first-page":"366","article-title":"Microbial complexes in subgingival plaque","volume":"25","author":"Socransky","year":"1998","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2010.090643","article-title":"Immunologic and microbiological profiles of chronic and aggressive periodontitis subjects","volume":"81","author":"Rescala","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.090397","article-title":"Relationships among gingival crevicular fluid biomarkers, clinical parameters of periodontal disease, and the subgingival microbiota","volume":"81","author":"Teles","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2011.100579","article-title":"Effects of non-surgical treatment on chronic and aggressive periodontitis: clinical, immunologic and microbiologic findings","volume":"82","author":"Rosalem","year":"2011","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034514542468","article-title":"Newly identified pathogens associated with periodontitis: a systematic review","volume":"93","author":"Perez-Chaparro","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Dent. Res."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1086\/647939","article-title":"Metronidazole is still the drug of choice for treatment of anaerobic infections","volume":"50","author":"L\u00f6fmark","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2015.10.010","article-title":"Spectrum and treatment of anerobic infection","volume":"22","author":"Brook","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Chemother."},{"issue":"28","key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2002.280106.x","article-title":"Systemic antibiotics in the treatment of periodontal disease","volume":"2000","author":"Slots","year":"2002","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2015.140620","article-title":"Microbiological observations after four treatment strategies among patients with periodontitis maintaining a high standard of oral hygiene: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"86","author":"Preus","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2014.05.004","article-title":"Recent evolution of antibiotic resistance in the anaerobes as compared to previous decades","volume":"31","author":"Boyanova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2014.08.011","article-title":"Antibiotic susceptibility profiles of anaerobic pathogens in The Netherlands","volume":"31","author":"Veloo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.120400","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized double -masked clinical trial comparing four periodontitis treatment strategies: 1-year clinical results","volume":"84","author":"Preus","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib21","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized, double-masked clinical trial comparing four periodontitis treatment strategies: 5-year tooth loss results","author":"Preus","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.1993.tb00614.x","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison between two transport media for saliva and subgingival samples","volume":"8","author":"Dahl\u00e9n","year":"1993","journal-title":"Oral. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.35.6.1378-1381.1997","article-title":"Characterization of Bacteroides forsythus isolates","volume":"35","author":"Takemoto","year":"1997","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2015.01.010","article-title":"Methodological issues in the quantification of subgingival microorganisms using the checkerboard technique","volume":"110","author":"Dahlen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Microbiol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.16.6.1148-1151.1982","article-title":"Long-vave UV light fluorescence for identification of blackpigmeted Bacteroides spp.","volume":"16","author":"Slots","year":"1982","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2014.10.008","article-title":"On behalf of the ESCMID study group on anaerobic infection. Development of EUCAST disk diffusion method for susceptibility testing of the Bacterioides fragilis group isolates","volume":"31","author":"Nagy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-77572012000300002","article-title":"Mechanisms of action of systemic antibiotics used in periodontal treatment and mechanisms of bacteria resistance to these drugs","volume":"20","author":"Soares","year":"2012","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Appl. Oral. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e3182676e2b","article-title":"The incidence of primary antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori in Vietnam","volume":"47","author":"Binh","year":"2013","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2012.10.001","article-title":"Molecular analysis of the carbapenem and metronidazole resistance mechanisms of Bacteroides strains reported in a Europe-wide antibiotic resistance survey","volume":"41","author":"Soki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.5.1047","article-title":"Nucleotide sequence analysis of two 5-nitroimidazole resistance determinants from Bacteroides strains and of a new insertion sequence upstream of the two genes","volume":"38","author":"Haggoud","year":"1994","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agent. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1006\/anae.1996.0008","article-title":"Genetics of 5-nitroimidazole resistance in Bacteroides species","volume":"2","author":"Reysset","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-141-4-927","article-title":"Plasmids pI419 and pI421 from Bacteroides: 5-imidazole resistance genes and their upstream insertion sequence elements","volume":"141","author":"Trinh","year":"1995","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4071","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.179.12.4071-4074.1997","article-title":"Identification and DNA sequence of the mobilization region of the 5-nitroimidazole resistance plasmid pIP421 from Bacteroides fragilis","volume":"179","author":"Thrinh","year":"1997","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.2007.00365.x","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility of 800 anaerobic isolates from patients with dentoalveolar infection to 13 oral antibiotics","volume":"22","author":"Kuriyama","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oral. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib35","first-page":"367","article-title":"Composition and antibiotic resistance profile of microcosm dental plaque before and after exposure to tetracycline","volume":"49","author":"Read","year":"2003","journal-title":"Microb. Drug. Resist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2013.130142","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance in human chronic periodontitis microbiota","volume":"85","author":"Rams","year":"2014","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2000.027002079.x","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance in the subgingival microflora in patients with adult periodontitis, A comparison between The Netherlands and Spain","volume":"27","author":"Van Winkelhoff","year":"2000","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib38","first-page":"891","article-title":"Antimicrobial profiles of periodontal pathogens isolated from periodontitis patients in The Netherlands and Spain","volume":"32","author":"Van Winkelhoff","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Periodontol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib39","series-title":"Usage of Antimicrobial Agents and Occurrence of Antimicrobial Resistance in Norway. Troms\u00f8\/Oslo 2016","author":"NORM\/NORM-VET","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib40","unstructured":"The Norwegian Prescription Database. http:\/\/www.fhi.no\/forskning-og-data\/datatilgang\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib41","first-page":"46","article-title":"Identification and susceptibility to seven antimicrobial agents of 61 gram-negative anaerobic rods from periodontal pockets","volume":"19","author":"Abu-Fanas","year":"1991","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Dent."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2014.08.012","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance among anaerobes isolated from clinical specimens in Kuwait hospitals: comparative analysis of 11-year data","volume":"31","author":"Jamal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anaerobe"}],"container-title":["Anaerobe"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1075996416301688?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1075996416301688?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]],"date-time":"2022-07-09T15:58:19Z","timestamp":1657382299000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1075996416301688"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S1075996416301688"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1075-9964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1075-9964","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Low antibiotic resistance among anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria in periodontitis 5 years following metronidazole therapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Anaerobe","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.12.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}