{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T18:22:41Z","timestamp":1793298161115,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496275200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anaerobe"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,7]],"date-time":"2017-02-07T05:45:49Z","timestamp":1486446349000},"page":"78-85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Exposure to \u03b2-lactams results in the alteration of penicillin-binding proteins in Clostridium perfringens"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Miseon","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Rafii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.55.4.621-648.1991","article-title":"Molecular genetics and pathogenesis of Clostridium perfringens","volume":"55","author":"Rood","year":"1991","journal-title":"Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3216","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.040618-0","article-title":"Long-term impacts of antibiotic exposure on the human intestinal microbiota","volume":"156","author":"Jernberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16463","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M313492200","article-title":"A\u00a0PBP2x from a clinical isolate of Streptococcus pneumoniae exhibits an alternative mechanism for reduction of susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics","volume":"279","author":"Pernot","year":"2004","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2007.00095.x","article-title":"Penicillin-binding proteins and beta-lactam resistance","volume":"32","author":"Zapun","year":"2008","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2010.02.046","article-title":"Unusual conformation of the SxN motif in the crystal structure of penicillin-binding protein A from Mycobacterium tuberculosis","volume":"398","author":"Fedarovich","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Mol. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.62.4.1079-1093.1998","article-title":"Multimodular penicillin-binding proteins: an enigmatic family of orthologs and paralogs","volume":"62","author":"Goffin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.66.4.702-738.2002","article-title":"Biochemistry and comparative genomics of SxxK superfamily acyltransferases offer a clue to the mycobacterial paradox: presence of penicillin-susceptible target proteins versus lack of efficiency of penicillin as therapeutic agent","volume":"66","author":"Goffin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2333","article-title":"How antibiotics kill bacteria: from targets to networks","volume":"8","author":"Kohanski","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1520300113","article-title":"Sensor histidine kinase is a beta-lactam receptor and induces resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics","volume":"113","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.19.1.51","article-title":"Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to nine antimicrobial agents and demonstration of decreased susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens to penicillin","volume":"19","author":"Marrie","year":"1981","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.2.312","article-title":"Comparison of single and combination antimicrobial agents for prevention of experimental gas gangrene caused by Clostridium perfringens","volume":"31","author":"Stevens","year":"1987","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.20.6.809","article-title":"Penicillin-binding proteins in Clostridium perfringens","volume":"20","author":"Murphy","year":"1981","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib13","first-page":"2339","article-title":"Resistance of Clostridium perfringens to beta-lactam antibiotics mediated by a decreased affinity of a single essential penicillin-binding protein","volume":"129","author":"Williamson","year":"1983","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2015.11.003","article-title":"Diversity of Clostridium perfringens isolates from various sources and prevalence of conjugative plasmids","volume":"38","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-13-50","article-title":"Comparative transcription analysis and toxin production of two fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants of Clostridium perfringens","volume":"13","author":"Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4541","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.9.4541-4544.2005","article-title":"Correlation of penicillin binding protein 2a detection with oxacillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and discovery of a novel penicillin binding protein 2a mutation","volume":"43","author":"Bressler","year":"2005","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2890","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00185-08","article-title":"First molecular characterization of group B streptococci with reduced penicillin susceptibility","volume":"52","author":"Kimura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)80305-E","article-title":"Penicillin binding protein 2x as a major contributor to intrinsic beta-lactam resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"331","author":"Jamin","year":"1993","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib19","first-page":"614670","article-title":"Identification of Functional Regulatory Residues of the beta-lactam inducible penicillin binding protein in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"2013","author":"Mbah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chemother. Res. Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00822-09","article-title":"Molecular basis for the role of Staphylococcus aureus penicillin binding protein 4 in antimicrobial resistance","volume":"192","author":"Navratna","year":"2010","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5687","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01027-12","article-title":"Early insights into the interactions of different beta-lactam antibiotics and beta-lactamase inhibitors against soluble forms of Acinetobacter baumannii PBP1a and Acinetobacter sp. PBP3","volume":"56","author":"Papp-Wallace","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1994.tb07207.x","article-title":"Cloning, sequencing and expression in Escherichia coli of the low-affinity penicillin binding protein of Enterococcus faecalis","volume":"123","author":"Signoretto","year":"1994","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2739\/kurumemedj.48.1","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory evaluation of penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in relation to the mutations of pbp 1a, pbp2b and pbp2x","volume":"48","author":"Tanoue","year":"2001","journal-title":"Kurume Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.155.3.1343-1350.1983","article-title":"Identification of a streptococcal penicillin-binding protein that reacts very slowly with penicillin","volume":"155","author":"Fontana","year":"1983","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.36.4.783","article-title":"Overproduction of a penicillin-binding protein is not the only mechanism of penicillin resistance in Enterococcus faecium","volume":"36","author":"Klare","year":"1992","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1038\/287070a0","article-title":"Identification of the lethal target of benzylpenicillin in Streptococcus faecalis by in\u00a0vivo penicillin binding studies","volume":"287","author":"Fontana","year":"1980","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00115.x","article-title":"Nucleotide sequences of the pbpX genes encoding the penicillin-binding proteins 2x from Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 and a cefotaxime-resistant mutant, C506","volume":"3","author":"Laible","year":"1989","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-016-2582-3","article-title":"Molecular characteristics of penicillin-binding protein 2b, 2x and 1a sequences in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates causing invasive diseases among children in Northeast China","volume":"35","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib29","series-title":"Clostridium species (Clostridium Perfringens, C.\u00a0Butyricum, C.\u00a0Clostridioforme, C.\u00a0Innocuum, C.\u00a0Ramosum, C.\u00a0Septicum, C.\u00a0Sordellii, C.\u00a0Tertium). Microbes [Internet]","author":"Brook","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.07.003","article-title":"Changes in the antibiotic susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria from 2007-2009 to 2010-2012 based on the CLSI methodology","volume":"42","author":"Hastey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib31","first-page":"7078180","article-title":"Beta lactamase producing Clostridium perfringens bacteremia in an elderly man with acute pancreatitis","volume":"2016","author":"Mishra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Case Rep. Crit. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.6.1306","article-title":"Genetic analysis of clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae with high-level resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins","volume":"39","author":"Coffey","year":"1995","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026082","article-title":"Extensive variation in the ddl gene of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae results from a hitchhiking effect driven by the penicillin-binding protein 2b gene","volume":"16","author":"Enright","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.5238106","article-title":"Skewed genomic variability in strains of the toxigenic bacterial pathogen, Clostridium perfringens","volume":"16","author":"Myers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2007.02.009","article-title":"Crossing the barrier: evolution and spread of a major class of mosaic pbp2x in Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. mitis and S.\u00a0oralis","volume":"297","author":"Chi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.4.829","article-title":"Penicillin-binding proteins 2b and 2x of Streptococcus pneumoniae are primary resistance determinants for different classes of beta-lactam antibiotics","volume":"40","author":"Grebe","year":"1996","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.1996.2.183","article-title":"Penicillin-binding proteins 2x and 2b as primary PBP targets in Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"2","author":"Krauss","year":"1996","journal-title":"Microb. Drug Resist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib38","first-page":"537","article-title":"Beta Lactam resistance mediated by changes in penicillin-binding proteins","volume":"15","author":"Dowson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2775","DOI":"10.1021\/bi2017987","article-title":"A\u00a0highly conserved interaction involving the middle residue of the SXN active-site motif is crucial for function of class B penicillin-binding proteins: mutational and computational analysis of PBP 2 from N.\u00a0gonorrhoeae","volume":"51","author":"Tomberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg286","article-title":"A\u00a0review of the antimicrobial activity of clavulanate","volume":"52","author":"Finlay","year":"2003","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib41","first-page":"3025","article-title":"Benzylpenicillin-induced filament formation of Clostridium perfringens","volume":"128","author":"Williamson","year":"1982","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Gen. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00990-07","article-title":"Involvement of sensor kinases in the stress tolerance response of Streptococcus mutans","volume":"190","author":"Biswas","year":"2008","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Bacteriol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2006.00444.x","article-title":"Intramembrane-sensing histidine kinases: a new family of cell envelope stress sensors in Firmicutes bacteria","volume":"264","author":"Mascher","year":"2006","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib44","first-page":"125","article-title":"Genetic competence and susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics in Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 are linked via a two-component signal-transducing system cia","volume":"85","author":"Guenzi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dev. Biol. Stand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/164.2.313","article-title":"Antigenic variation of penicillin-binding proteins from penicillin-resistant clinical strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"164","author":"Hakenbeck","year":"1991","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"Pt 8","key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-145-8-1859","article-title":"Genetic and physiological studies of the CiaH-CiaR two-component signal-transducing system involved in cefotaxime resistance and competence of Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"145","author":"Giammarinaro","year":"1999","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2016.06.003","article-title":"Gene regulation by the VirS\/VirR system in Clostridium perfringens","volume":"41","author":"Ohtani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01063.x","article-title":"Identification and molecular analysis of a locus that regulates extracellular toxin production in Clostridium perfringens","volume":"12","author":"Lyristis","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol. Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Anaerobe"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1075996417300252?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1075996417300252?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T23:39:40Z","timestamp":1601595580000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1075996417300252"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"references-count":48,"alternative-id":["S1075996417300252"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1075-9964"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1075-9964","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Exposure to \u03b2-lactams results in the alteration of penicillin-binding proteins in Clostridium perfringens","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Anaerobe","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2017.02.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}