{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T11:13:10Z","timestamp":1780485190523,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696118400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["annallergy.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,8]],"date-time":"2023-04-08T01:58:59Z","timestamp":1680919139000},"page":"427-433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Direct challenges are the gold standard for most antibiotic allergy evaluations"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"131","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1691-4232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allison","family":"Ramsey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheryl","family":"Rozario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Stern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.08.028","article-title":"Drug allergy: a 2022 practice parameter update","volume":"150","author":"Khan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.19283","article-title":"Evaluation and management of penicillin allergy: a review","volume":"321","author":"Shenoy","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.09.021","article-title":"Health care use and serious infection prevalence associated with penicillin \u201callergy\u201d in hospitalized patients: a cohort study","volume":"133","author":"Macy","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k2400","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k2400","article-title":"Risk of meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile in patients with a documented penicillin allergy: population based matched cohort study","volume":"361","author":"Blumenthal","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.023","article-title":"Amoxicillin challenge without penicillin skin testing in evaluation of penicillin allergy in a cohort of Marine recruits","volume":"5","author":"Tucker","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.05.008","article-title":"Safety and outcomes of oral graded challenges to amoxicillin without prior skin testing","volume":"7","author":"Iammatteo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.05.037","article-title":"Comparing direct challenge to penicillin skin testing for the outpatient evaluation of penicillin allergy: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"7","author":"Mustafa","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.0403","article-title":"Development and validation of a penicillin allergy clinical decision rule","volume":"180","author":"Trubiano","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.09.025","article-title":"Multicenter Australian study to determine criteria for low- and high-risk penicillin testing in outpatients","volume":"8","author":"Stevenson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.04.045","article-title":"Designing predictive models for beta-lactam allergy using the drug allergy and hypersensitivity database","volume":"6","author":"Chiriac","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.03.015","article-title":"Identifying low-risk beta-lactam allergy patients in a UK tertiary centre","volume":"7","author":"Siew","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-063784","article-title":"Use of a penicillin allergy clinical decision rule to enable direct oral penicillin provocation: an international multicentre randomised control trial in an adult population (PALACE): study protocol","volume":"12","author":"Copaescu","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12008","DOI":"10.1002\/clt2.12008","article-title":"Frequency of severe reactions following penicillin drug provocation tests: a Bayesian meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Cardoso-Fernandes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Transl Allergy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0014","first-page":"159","article-title":"Nature and extent of penicillin side-reactions, with particular reference to fatalities from anaphylactic shock","volume":"38","author":"Idsoe","year":"1968","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"8753","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0015","first-page":"1308","article-title":"Allergic reactions to long-term benzathine penicillin prophylaxis for rheumatic fever. International rheumatic fever study group","volume":"337","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.02.033","article-title":"Direct challenges to penicillin-based antibiotics in the inpatient setting","volume":"8","author":"Ramsey","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.10.055","article-title":"Outcomes of penicillin allergy de-labeling by non-allergy specialists at an academic medical center","volume":"11","author":"Rozario","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.waojou.2019.100093","article-title":"Beta-lactam antibiotic test doses in the emergency department","volume":"13","author":"Maguire","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Allergy Organ J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.01.041","article-title":"Low-risk penicillin allergy delabeling through a direct oral challenge in immunocompromised and\/or multiple drug allergy labeled patients in a critical care setting","volume":"10","author":"Koo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa194","article-title":"Penicillin Allergy Testing Is Cost-Saving: An Economic Evaluation Study","volume":"72","author":"Sousa-Pinto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.08.006","article-title":"The cost of penicillin allergy evaluation","volume":"6","author":"Blumenthal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.06.020","article-title":"Inpatient electronic consultations (e-consults) in allergy\/immunology","volume":"8","author":"Mustafa","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.0033","article-title":"Assessing the diagnostic properties of a graded oral provocation challenge for the diagnosis of immediate and nonimmediate reactions to amoxicillin in children","volume":"170","author":"Mill","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.06.057","article-title":"Establishing amoxicillin allergy in children through direct graded oral challenge (GOC): evaluating risk factors for positive challenges, safety, and risk of cross-reactivity to cephalosporines","volume":"9","author":"Exius","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.09.022","article-title":"Oral amoxicillin challenges in low-risk children during a pediatric emergency department visit","volume":"8","author":"Vyles","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1542\/hpeds.2020-001636","article-title":"A multidisciplinary quality improvement initiative to facilitate penicillin allergy delabeling among hospitalized pediatric patients","volume":"11","author":"Bauer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hosp Pediatr"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-014-0476-y","article-title":"Penicillin and beta-lactam allergy: epidemiology and diagnosis","volume":"14","author":"Macy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.06.001","article-title":"Cephalosporin allergy: current understanding and future challenges","volume":"7","author":"Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.03.012","article-title":"IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to cephalosporins: cross-reactivity and tolerability of alternative cephalosporins","volume":"136","author":"Romano","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.07.056","article-title":"Testing strategies and predictors for evaluating immediate and delayed reactions to cephalosporins","volume":"9","author":"Stone","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.05.032","article-title":"Retrospective stratification of cephalosporin allergy label risk using validated penicillin allergy frameworks","volume":"10","author":"Koo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.8367","article-title":"Association between removal of a warning against cephalosporin use in patients with penicillin allergy and antibiotic prescribing","volume":"4","author":"Macy","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12881","article-title":"Drug allergies documented in electronic health records of a large healthcare system","volume":"71","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.05.034","article-title":"Sulfonamide hypersensitivity: fact and fiction","volume":"7","author":"Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(99)90078-6","article-title":"Desensitization to co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole) in HIV-infected patients: is patch testing a useful predictor of reaction?","volume":"38","author":"Gompels","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Infectol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2009.01553.x","article-title":"Flare-up of patch test of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) during oral desensitization","volume":"61","author":"Kardaun","year":"2009","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2013.11.002","article-title":"Successful outpatient graded administration of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in patients without HIV and with a history of sulfonamide adverse drug reaction","volume":"2","author":"Pyle","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1086\/516995","article-title":"Successful desensitization of two patients who previously developed Stevens-Johnson syndrome while receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole","volume":"25","author":"Douglas","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0753-3322(00)88640-0","article-title":"The effectiveness of desensitization versus rechallenge treatment in HIV-positive patients with previous hypersensitivity to TMP-SMX: a randomized multicentric study. C.I.S.A.I. Group","volume":"54","author":"Bonfanti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-86702002000600002","article-title":"A randomized, pilot trial comparing full versus escalating dose regimens for the desensitization of AIDS patients allergic to sulfonamides","volume":"6","author":"Straatmann","year":"2002","journal-title":"Braz J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1086\/323353","article-title":"Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) dose escalation versus direct rechallenge for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with previous adverse reaction to TMP-SMZ","volume":"184","author":"Leoung","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(91)90186-R","article-title":"Detection of human IgE to sulfamethoxazole by skin testing with sulfamethoxazoyl-poly-L-tyrosine","volume":"88","author":"Gruchalla","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.07.003","article-title":"Oral challenge with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in patients with \u201csulfa\u201d antibiotic allergy","volume":"8","author":"Krantz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.05.046","article-title":"The safety and efficacy of direct oral challenge in trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole antibiotic allergy","volume":"9","author":"Rose","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2021.04.001","article-title":"Outcome of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole challenge in previously reported patients with sulfa antibiotic allergy","volume":"127","author":"Benesch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2021.08.064","article-title":"P008 trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole oral challenge outcomes in the pediatric population","volume":"127","author":"Neuhaus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.11.024","article-title":"A single- or two-step challenge versus a six-step challenge in non-HIV-infected patients with a sulfonamide antibiotic allergy label: a retrospective case series","volume":"10","author":"Motoa","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"9S","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.08.006","article-title":"Practical guidance for the evaluation and management of drug hypersensitivity: specific drugs","volume":"8","author":"Broyles","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2017.9.4.347","article-title":"Usefulness of in vivo and in vitro diagnostic tests in the diagnosis of hypersensitivity reactions to quinolones and in the evaluation of cross-reactivity: a comprehensive study including the latest quinolone gemifloxacin","volume":"9","author":"Demir","year":"2017","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.04.051","article-title":"Clinical characterization and diagnostic approaches for patients reporting hypersensitivity reactions to quinolones","volume":"8","author":"Do\u00f1a","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2009.03338.x","article-title":"Diagnostic testing in suspected fluoroquinolone hypersensitivity","volume":"39","author":"Seitz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1E613","article-title":"Levofloxacin-induced fatal toxic epidermal necrolysis","volume":"39","author":"Islam","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.02.001","article-title":"Mast cell-mediated hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolone is MRGPRX2 dependent","volume":"70","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.668962","article-title":"Novel insights on MRGPRX2-mediated hypersensitivity to neuromuscular blocking agents and fluoroquinolones","volume":"12","author":"Elst","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofac106","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac106","article-title":"Immediate hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones: a cohort assessing cross-reactivity","volume":"9","author":"Azimi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.12099","article-title":"Hypersensitivity reactions to fluoroquinolones: analysis of the factors involved","volume":"43","author":"Blanca-L\u00f3pez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.09.017","article-title":"Criteria for intradermal skin testing and oral challenge in patients labeled as fluoroquinolone allergic","volume":"9","author":"Krantz","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.08.028","article-title":"Drug allergy: a 2022 practice parameter update","volume":"150","author":"Khan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s13223-020-0402-x","article-title":"Antibiotic hypersensitivity and adverse reactions: management and implications in clinical practice","volume":"16","author":"Jourdan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-021-08919-5","article-title":"Road less traveled: drug hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones, vancomycin, tetracyclines, and macrolides","volume":"62","author":"Zhu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmacy7030104","article-title":"Tetracycline allergy","volume":"7","author":"Hamilton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacy (Basel)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0061","first-page":"481","article-title":"Anaphylactoid reaction caused by intravenous doxycycline during general anesthesia and beta-blockade treatment","volume":"18","author":"Raeder","year":"1984","journal-title":"Drug Intell Clin Pharm"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2013.05.005","article-title":"Rapid desensitization to doxycycline","volume":"111","author":"Fernando","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jyp.2013.12.001","article-title":"Doxycycline induced generalized bullous fixed drug eruption - a case report","volume":"5","author":"Nitya","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Young Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0064","first-page":"119","article-title":"Stevens-Johnson syndrome induced by doxycycline","volume":"79","author":"Cac","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2020.02.007","article-title":"Hypersensitivity to tetracyclines: skin testing, graded challenge, and desensitization regimens","volume":"124","author":"Maciag","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2022.01.001","article-title":"Pediatric drug allergy","volume":"42","author":"Prosty","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2010.03.010","article-title":"Sensitivity and specificity of skin tests in the diagnosis of clarithromycin allergy","volume":"104","author":"Mori","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2015.09.015","article-title":"Testing for clarithromycin hypersensitivity: a diagnostic challenge in childhood","volume":"4","author":"Cavkaytar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2004.00638.x","article-title":"The accuracy of the diagnosis of suspected macrolide antibiotic hypersensitivity: results of a single-blinded trial","volume":"59","author":"Benahmed","year":"2004","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aller.2010.06.008","article-title":"Suspicion of macrolide allergy after treatment of infectious diseases including Helicobacter pylori: results of allergological testing","volume":"39","author":"Seitz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Allergol Immunopathol (Madr)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.12.002","article-title":"Drug allergy practice parameter updates to incorporate into your clinical practice","volume":"11","author":"Banerji","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.06.036","article-title":"Diagnostic value of oral challenge testing in the diagnosis of macrolide hypersensitivity","volume":"6","author":"\u00dcnal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-021-08878-x","article-title":"Immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions to antibiotics: aminoglycosides, clindamycin, linezolid, and metronidazole","volume":"62","author":"Dilley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.2500\/ar.2014.5.0080","article-title":"Modified oral metronidazole desensitization protocol","volume":"5","author":"Gendelman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Allergy Rhinol (Providence)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1157\/13086750","article-title":"Hypersensitivity reactions to metronidazole","volume":"34","author":"Garc\u00eda-Rubio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Allergol Immunopathol (Madr)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmacy7030110","article-title":"Overview and insights into carbapenem allergy","volume":"7","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacy (Basel)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2014.10.011","article-title":"Tolerability of aztreonam and carbapenems in patients with IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to penicillins","volume":"135","author":"Gaeta","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2741","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkab230","article-title":"Re-evaluating aztreonam and ceftazidime hypersensitivity: fraternal not identical twins","volume":"76","author":"Adams","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"}],"container-title":["Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1081120623002508?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1081120623002508?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T13:32:58Z","timestamp":1761053578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1081120623002508"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1081120623002508"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033","relation":{},"ISSN":["1081-1206"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1081-1206","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Direct challenges are the gold standard for most antibiotic allergy evaluations","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anai.2023.03.033","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}