{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T13:53:39Z","timestamp":1794232419608,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","annallergy.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Allergy, Asthma &amp; Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T14:42:11Z","timestamp":1722004931000},"page":"675-681","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Onset of efficacy of azelastine hydrochloride 0.15% nasal spray for allergic rhinitis in an environmental exposure chamber"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Shu-Ning","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima","family":"Sajjad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5113-2755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Brigham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Centofanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Couroux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlene","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0001","first-page":"185","article-title":"Demographics and epidemiology of allergic and nonallergic rhinitis","volume":"22","author":"Settipane","year":"2001","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Proc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2015.12.004","article-title":"Allergic rhinitis: mechanisms and treatment","volume":"36","author":"Bernstein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2010.06.050","article-title":"The epidemiology of ocular and nasal allergy in the United States, 1988-1994","volume":"126","author":"Singh","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0004","first-page":"556","article-title":"Prevalence, severity, and time trends of allergic conditions in 6-to-7-year-old schoolchildren in Taipei","volume":"21","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2012.26.3836","article-title":"Nasal allergies in the Middle Eastern population: results from the \u201cAllergies in Middle East Survey\u201d","volume":"26","author":"Abdulrahman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol Allergy"},{"issue":"460","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0006","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diagnosed allergic conditions in adults: United States, 2021","author":"Ng","year":"2023","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"issue":"459","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0007","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diagnosed allergic conditions in children aged 0-17 years: United States, 2021","author":"Zablotsky","year":"2023","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S3229","article-title":"Effectiveness of twice daily Azelastine Nasal Spray in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis","volume":"4","author":"Horak","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2019.06.004","article-title":"Allergic rhinitis in children and adolescents","volume":"66","author":"Schuler Iv","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0010","first-page":"1","article-title":"Impacts of allergic rhinitis in social communication, quality of life and behaviours of the patients","volume":"1","author":"Cingi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Allergy Disord Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0011","first-page":"67","article-title":"Cognitive dysfunction and quality of life during pollen season in children with seasonal allergic rhinitis","volume":"32","author":"Papapostolou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol Off Publ Eur Soc Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meltzer EO. Quality of life in adults and children with allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;108(1)(suppl):S45-S53.","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.115566"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.21540","article-title":"Evaluating the impact of allergic rhinitis on quality of life among Thai students","volume":"5","author":"Sapsaprang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.07.007","article-title":"Rhinitis 2020: a practice parameter update","volume":"146","author":"Dykewicz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0015","first-page":"85","article-title":"Managing allergic rhinitis in the pharmacy: an ARIA guide for implementation in practice","volume":"8","author":"Louren\u00e7o","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharm Basel Switz"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0016","first-page":"985","article-title":"Treatment of allergic rhinitis","volume":"92","author":"Sur","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am Fam Phys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0017","unstructured":"US Food & Drug Administration. Patanase (olopatadine hydrochloride) nasal spray. Drug approval package. Accessed June 5, 2024. Available at: https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/nda\/2008\/021861s000TOC.cfm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0018","unstructured":"US Food & Drug Administration. Astelin (Azelastine Hydrochloride) Nasal Spray. Drug Approval Package. Accessed June 5, 2024. Available at: https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/nda\/2000\/20114S006_Astelin.cfm"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.2500\/108854187778994455","article-title":"Treatment of upper and lower airway disease with azelastine","volume":"8","author":"Perhach","year":"1987","journal-title":"N Engl Reg Allergy Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0020","first-page":"295","article-title":"Azelastine: a multifaceted drug for asthma therapy","volume":"34","author":"Szelenyi","year":"1991","journal-title":"Agents Actions Suppl"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1185\/030079906X80305","article-title":"Azelastine nasal spray and desloratadine tablets in pollen-induced seasonal allergic rhinitis: a pharmacodynamic study of onset of action and efficacy","volume":"22","author":"Horak","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1586\/eci.09.38","article-title":"Azelastine Nasal Spray for the treatment of allergic and nonallergic rhinitis","volume":"5","author":"Horak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2009.23.3396","article-title":"Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of reformulated Azelastine nasal spray in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis","volume":"23","author":"Bernstein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol Allergy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.2500\/ajr.2007.21.3058","article-title":"Onset of action of Azelastine Nasal Spray compared with mometasone nasal spray and placebo in subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis evaluated in an environmental exposure chamber","volume":"21","author":"Patel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0025","unstructured":"US Food & Drug Administration. Astepro (azelastine hydrochloride 0.15% w\/v) Nasal Spray. Drug approval package. Accessed March 26, 2023. Available at: https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/nda\/2009\/022371s000_astepro_toc.cfm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0026","series-title":"Prescribing Information","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0027","unstructured":"US Food & Drug Administration. FDA approves a nasal antihistamine for nonprescription use. Accessed March 26, 2024. Available at: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/fda-approves-nasal-antihistamine-nonprescription-use"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2009.30.3296","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of azelastine 0.15% nasal spray and azelastine 0.10% nasal spray in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis","volume":"30","author":"Shah","year":"2009","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Proc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2009.30.3284","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of azelastine 0.15% nasal spray administered once daily in subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis","volume":"30","author":"van Bavel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Proc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.20065","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of azelastine 0.15% nasal spray administered once daily in patients with allergy to Texas mountain cedar pollen","volume":"1","author":"Howland","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/falgy.2023.1244012","article-title":"A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of two doses of azelastine hydrochloride in perennial allergic rhinitis","volume":"4","author":"Bousquet","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Allergy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/1710-1492-6-S1-P28","article-title":"The controlled allergen challenge experience: comparison of allergic upper respiratory symptoms in the environmental exposure unit (EEU) and during seasonal exposure","volume":"6","author":"Ellis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0033","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. Allergic rhinitis: developing drug products for treatment guidance for industry. Cent drug Eval res CDER. Published online September 2018. Accessed April 2, 2024. Available at: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/media\/71158\/download"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1007\/s43441-024-00622-9","article-title":"New benchmarks on protocol amendment practices, trends and their impact on clinical trial performance","volume":"58","author":"Getz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ther Innov Regul Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0035","unstructured":"Fredane L. A study to evaluate the safety and tolerability of a nasal spray to treat perennial allergic rhinitis. ClinicalTrials.gov. Accessed January 16, 2024. Available at: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT00720382"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/WOX.0b013e318186fb3a","article-title":"H1 antihistamines: current status and future directions","volume":"1","author":"Simons","year":"2008","journal-title":"World Allergy Organ J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2009.30.3291","article-title":"Establishing the onset of action of intranasal corticosteroids: is there an ideal study design?","volume":"30","author":"Katial","year":"2009","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaliner MA, Berger WE, Ratner PH, Siegel CJ. The efficacy of intranasal antihistamines in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2011;106(2)(suppl):S6-S11.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2010.08.010"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.2165\/00151829-200504060-00007","article-title":"Impact of nasal congestion on quality of life and work productivity in allergic rhinitis: findings from a large online survey","volume":"4","author":"Shedden","year":"2005","journal-title":"Treat Respir Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2016.10.010","article-title":"Findings from an online survey assessing the burden and management of seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in US patients","volume":"5","author":"Meltzer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.2500\/aap.2007.28.2991","article-title":"Patient and healthcare-provider perspectives on the burden of allergic rhinitis","volume":"28","author":"Blaiss","year":"2007","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Proc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(96)70135-5","article-title":"Interpretation of rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire data","volume":"98","author":"Juniper","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"}],"container-title":["Annals of Allergy, Asthma &amp; Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1081120624004587?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1081120624004587?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T16:57:58Z","timestamp":1733072278000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1081120624004587"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1081120624004587"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["1081-1206"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1081-1206","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Onset of efficacy of azelastine hydrochloride 0.15% nasal spray for allergic rhinitis in an environmental exposure chamber","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anai.2024.07.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}