{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T22:38:07Z","timestamp":1792017487872,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008890","name":"University of Dundee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008890","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["annallergy.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Allergy, Asthma &amp; Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T00:25:51Z","timestamp":1769127951000},"page":"589-595.e2","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Bucher indirect treatment comparison of phase 3 trials with dupilumab and tezepelumab in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1426-4544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Suter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Greig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian J.","family":"Lipworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.2147\/JAA.S290424","article-title":"Burden of disease in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps","volume":"14","author":"Bachert","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Asthma Allergy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1111\/all.16418","article-title":"Endotyping in chronic rhinosinusitis-an EAACI task force report","volume":"80","author":"Toppila-Salmi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"10209","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31881-1","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of dupilumab in patients with severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (Liberty NP SINUS-24 and Liberty NP SINUS-52): results from two multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group phase 3 trials","volume":"394","author":"Bachert","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2414482","article-title":"Tezepelumab in adults with severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps","volume":"392","author":"Lipworth","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2003.1592","article-title":"Rhinitis and asthma: evidence for respiratory system integration","volume":"111","author":"Togias","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grossman J. One airway, one disease. Chest. 1997;111(2)(suppl):11S-16S.","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.111.2_Supplement.11S"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2024.107580","article-title":"Advances in co-pathogenesis of the united airway diseases","volume":"225","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.05.011","article-title":"The unified airway hypothesis: evidence from specific intervention with anti-IL-5 biologic therapy","volume":"11","author":"Bachert","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2025.04.043","article-title":"Reappraisal of biologic efficacy from Phase 3 trials in refractory chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps","volume":"13","author":"Lipworth","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1111\/all.16499","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: a meta-analysis of real-world evidence","volume":"80","author":"Cai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(25)00287-5","article-title":"Dupilumab versus omalizumab in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and coexisting asthma (Everest): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, head-to-head phase 4 trial","volume":"13","author":"De Corso","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2024.09.015","article-title":"Dupilumab versus mepolizumab for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis: an indirect treatment comparison","volume":"12","author":"Hopkins","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.01.031","article-title":"Indirect treatment comparison of biologics in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps","volume":"9","author":"Peters","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.09.009","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of monoclonal antibodies and aspirin desensitization for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"149","author":"Oykhman","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(97)00049-8","article-title":"The results of direct and indirect treatment comparisons in meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"50","author":"Bucher","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjebm-2024-113103","article-title":"Simple tool implementing Bucher\u2019s method for indirect treatment comparisons in meta-analyses","volume":"30","author":"Tingle","year":"2025","journal-title":"Evid Based Med. BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01679-2021","article-title":"Repeatability of impulse oscillometry in patients with severe asthma","volume":"59","author":"Chan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29888","article-title":"Estimating clinically meaningful change of efficacy outcomes in inadequately controlled chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis","volume":"132","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2004.10.008","article-title":"Measurement properties and interpretation of three shortened versions of the asthma control questionnaire","volume":"99","author":"Juniper","year":"2005","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13040430","article-title":"The impact and burden of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps on patients and their family caregivers: A nationally representative survey","volume":"13","author":"Malvezzi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-024-03071-w","article-title":"Costs of oral corticosteroid use in patients with severe asthma with\/without chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: data from the Italian SANI registry","volume":"42","author":"Heffler","year":"2025","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1177\/19458924221149270","article-title":"Current understanding of the role of eosinophils in CRSwNP and implications for treatment with mepolizumab and Benralizumab","volume":"37","author":"Carney","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2022.06.009","article-title":"Benralizumab reduces eosinophils and inflammatory markers in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: a pilot real-life study","volume":"248","author":"Cavaliere","year":"2022","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"issue":"10482","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00197-7","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of twice per year depemokimab in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ANCHOR-1 and ANCHOR-2): phase 3, randomised, double-blind, parallel trials","volume":"405","author":"Gevaert","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1952","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.16087","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics\/pharmacodynamics of Benralizumab in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled OSTRO trial","volume":"90","author":"Emson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"10516","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2282","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)01625-3","article-title":"Anti-cytokine biologics for asthma in adults","volume":"406","author":"Israel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2858","DOI":"10.1111\/all.16189","article-title":"Dupilumab efficacy across serum IgE and blood eosinophil levels in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis","volume":"79","author":"Bachert","year":"2024","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2871","DOI":"10.1111\/all.16249","article-title":"Effects of dupilumab on quality of life burden in refractory type 2 high unified airway disease","volume":"79","author":"Stewart","year":"2024","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2021.06.007","article-title":"Impact of nasal polyps on endotype and phenotype in patients with moderate to severe asthma","volume":"127","author":"Chan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2020.105947","article-title":"Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps impact in severe asthma patients: evidences from the Severe Asthma Network Italy (SANI) registry","volume":"166","author":"Canonica","year":"2020","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2022.12.018","article-title":"A comparison of the effectiveness of biologic therapies for asthma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"130","author":"Pitre","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.03.002","article-title":"Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: quality of life in the biologics era","volume":"10","author":"Mullol","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"}],"container-title":["Annals of Allergy, Asthma &amp; Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1081120626000293?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1081120626000293?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T09:37:01Z","timestamp":1778060221000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1081120626000293"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1081120626000293"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1081-1206"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1081-1206","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Bucher indirect treatment comparison of phase 3 trials with dupilumab and tezepelumab in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}