{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T08:18:50Z","timestamp":1793175530917,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["annallergy.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T16:10:36Z","timestamp":1769616636000},"page":"409-416.e1","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Timing of cow\u2019s milk oral immunotherapy and adverse reactions in children: A 15-year experience"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"136","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9260-8157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ezgi","family":"Topyildiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Handan Duman","family":"Senol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Figen","family":"Gulen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esen","family":"Demir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.79.5.683","article-title":"Prospective appraisal of complaints of adverse reactions to foods in children during the first 3 years of life","volume":"79","author":"Bock","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2 Pt 1)","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(99)70393-3","article-title":"Supplementary feeding in maternity hospitals and the risk of cow\u2019s milk allergy: a prospective study of 6209 infants","volume":"104","author":"Saarinen","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01955238","article-title":"Cow\u2019s milk protein intolerance in infants under 1 year of age: a prospective epidemiological study","volume":"152","author":"Schrander","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"6)(suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)62120-5","article-title":"Frequency of cow\u2019s milk allergy in childhood","volume":"89","author":"H\u00f8st","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.08.023","article-title":"The natural history of IgE-mediated cow\u2019s milk allergy","volume":"120","author":"Skripak","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.10.060","article-title":"The natural history of milk allergy in an observational cohort","volume":"131","author":"Wood","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1111\/cea.70013","article-title":"Oral immunotherapy should play a key role in preschool food allergy management","volume":"55","author":"Soller","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.583224","article-title":"Avoidance of Hen\u2019s egg based on IgE levels should be avoided for children with Hen\u2019s egg allergy","volume":"8","author":"Miyagi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1159\/000375106","article-title":"The effects of food allergy on quality of life","volume":"101","author":"DunnGalvin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem Immunol Allergy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2018.10.4.379","article-title":"Factors affecting food allergy-related quality of life from parents\u2019 perception in Turkish children","volume":"10","author":"Arik Yilmaz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13319","article-title":"EAACI Guidelines on allergen immunotherapy: IgE-mediated food allergy","volume":"73","author":"Pajno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13057","article-title":"Early oral immunotherapy in infants with cow\u2019s milk protein allergy","volume":"30","author":"Berti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.05.027","article-title":"Early oral immunotherapy in peanut-allergic preschool children is safe and highly effective","volume":"139","author":"Vickery","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-020-03731-3","article-title":"As soon as possible in IgE-cow\u2019s milk allergy immunotherapy","volume":"180","author":"Bon\u00e9 Calvo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2011.03749.x","article-title":"Oral desensitization as a useful treatment in 2-year-old children with cow\u2019s milk allergy","volume":"41","author":"Martorell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.10.045","article-title":"First real-world effectiveness analysis of preschool peanut oral immunotherapy","volume":"9","author":"Soller","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"10322","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02390-4","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of oral immunotherapy in children aged 1-3\u2009years with peanut allergy (the Immune Tolerance Network Impact trial): a randomised placebo-controlled study","volume":"399","author":"Jones","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(22)00006-2","article-title":"Probiotic peanut oral immunotherapy versus oral immunotherapy and placebo in children with peanut allergy in Australia (PPOIT-003): a multicentre, randomised, phase 2b trial","volume":"6","author":"Loke","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.01.031","article-title":"Real-world safety analysis of preschool tree nut Oral immunotherapy","volume":"11","author":"Erdle","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2024.02.030","article-title":"High degree of desensitization after 1 year of early-life peanut oral immunotherapy: small children oral immunotherapy (SmaChO) randomized controlled trial","volume":"12","author":"Uhl","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.waojou.2020.100472","article-title":"World allergy organization anaphylaxis guidance 2020","volume":"13","author":"Cardona","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Allergy Organ J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2021.01.003","article-title":"Severity grading system for acute allergic reactions: a multidisciplinary Delphi study","volume":"148","author":"Dribin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/1710-1492-10-36","article-title":"Effect of ketotifen premedication on adverse reactions during peanut oral immunotherapy","volume":"10","author":"Jagdis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2022.05.015","article-title":"Peanut oral immunotherapy with or without H1 and H2 antihistamine premedication for peanut allergy (PISCES): a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial","volume":"10","author":"Chu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.5414\/ALX02331E","volume":"6","author":"Pfaar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Allergol Select"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.18176\/jiaci.0177","volume":"27","author":"Martorell","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0027","unstructured":"Genentech USA, Inc and Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation. Xolair\u00ae (Omalizumab). prescribing information for US Healthcare Professionals. Accessed October 25, 2025. Available at: https:\/\/www.xolair.com\/"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0028","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). Global strategy for asthma management and prevention. Accessed September 5, 2025. Available at: https:\/\/ginasthma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/GINA-2024-Strategy-Report-24_05_22_WMS.pdf"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.waojou.2024.100910","article-title":"Predictive modeling for cow\u2019s milk allergy remission by low-dose oral immunotherapy in young children","volume":"17","author":"Hirai","year":"2024","journal-title":"World Allergy Organ J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.14043","article-title":"Oral immunotherapy as a curative treatment for food-allergic preschool children: current evidence and potential underlying mechanisms","volume":"34","author":"Barten","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr Allergy Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.02.007","article-title":"Adverse events in oral immunotherapy for the desensitization of Cow\u2019s milk allergy in children: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"7","author":"De Schryver","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/s13223-025-00948-5","article-title":"Food oral immunotherapy","volume":"20","author":"McHenry","year":"2025","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2014.08.004","article-title":"Relation between eosinophilic esophagitis and oral immunotherapy for food allergy: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"113","author":"Lucendo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.23822\/EurAnnACI.1764-1489.311","article-title":"Eosinophilic esophagitis as a side-effect of allergen immunotherapy: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Pitsios","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15537","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of food allergy oral immunotherapy in adults","volume":"78","author":"Epstein-Rigbi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15623","article-title":"Oral immunotherapy for food allergy: what\u2019s age got to do with it?","volume":"78","author":"Upton","year":"2023","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2024.12.011","article-title":"Treatment of food allergy: immunotherapy, omalizumab, or both","volume":"13","author":"Brough","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.04.009","article-title":"Rapid oral desensitization in combination with omalizumab therapy in patients with cow\u2019s milk allergy","volume":"127","author":"Nadeau","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0039","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. FDA approves first medication to help reduce allergic reactions to multiple foods after accidental exposure [news release]. Accessed November 9, 2025. Available at:https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/fda-approves-first-medication-help-reduce-allergic-reactions-multiple-foods-after-accidental?utm_source=chatgpt.com."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2312382","article-title":"Omalizumab for the treatment of multiple food allergies","volume":"390","author":"Wood","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1617153","article-title":"Anti-IgE therapy versus allergen-specific immunotherapy for food allergy: weighing the pros and cons","volume":"16","author":"Kulis","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.447","article-title":"Early introduction oral immunotherapy for IgE-mediated cow\u2019s milk allergy: a follow-up study confirms this approach as safe and appealing to parents","volume":"9","author":"Badina","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immun Inflamm Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.09.017","article-title":"Oral immunotherapy in US allergy practice","volume":"11","author":"Wasserman","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"}],"container-title":["Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1081120626000359?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1081120626000359?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T06:42:18Z","timestamp":1779345738000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1081120626000359"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1081120626000359"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["1081-1206"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1081-1206","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Timing of cow\u2019s milk oral immunotherapy and adverse reactions in children: A 15-year experience","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anai.2026.01.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}