{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T15:04:46Z","timestamp":1786115086453,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100021041","name":"American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100021041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23HL150341"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23HL150341"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL169229"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL169229"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["annallergy.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:03:12Z","timestamp":1780531392000},"page":"194-201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinician and family perspectives on the use of single maintenance and reliever therapy for children"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Elika","family":"Eshghi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0354-2644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grace","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Goulding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Spano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Simms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deicy","family":"Mejia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Seay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bryce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynn B.","family":"Gerald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Bottar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Byatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerry A.","family":"Krishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Frisard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephenie C.","family":"Lemon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sybil","family":"Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Radley","family":"Sheldrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lori","family":"Pbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3732-0409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle","family":"Trivedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0001","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Most recent asthma data. Accessed December 5, 2025. Available at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/asthma-data\/about\/most-recent-asthma-data.html"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1080\/02770903.2017.1350972","article-title":"The national burden of poorly controlled asthma, school absence and parental work loss among school-aged children in the United States","volume":"55","author":"Sullivan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Asthma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E54","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd21.230449","article-title":"Sociodemographic factors of asthma prevalence and costs among children and adolescents in the United States, 2016-2021","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prev Chronic Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.10.011","article-title":"A practical guide to implementing SMART in asthma management","volume":"10","author":"Reddel","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1715275","article-title":"As-needed budesonide\u2013formoterol versus maintenance budesonide in mild asthma","volume":"378","author":"Bateman","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1715274","article-title":"Inhaled combined budesonide\u2013formoterol as needed in mild asthma","volume":"378","author":"O\u2019Byrne","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-016-1731-4","article-title":"The SYGMA programme of phase 3 trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of budesonide\/formoterol given\u2019as needed\u2019in mild asthma: study protocols for two randomised controlled trials","volume":"18","author":"O\u2019Byrne","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.2769","article-title":"Association of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting \u03b2-agonists as controller and quick relief therapy with exacerbations and symptom control in persistent asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"319","author":"Sobieraj","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2021.10.032","article-title":"2020 NAEPP guidelines update and GINA 2021\u2014asthma care differences, overlap, and challenges","volume":"10","author":"Chipps","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0010","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Asthma. Summary guide for asthma management and prevention for adults, adolescents, and children 6-11 years. A summary guide of healthcare providers. Accessed December 12, 2025. https:\/\/ginasthma.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/GINA-Summary-Guide-2025-WEB_FINAL-WMS.pdf"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.07.021","article-title":"Getting smart about implementing SMART","volume":"11","author":"Bosnic-Anticevich","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2025.05.004","article-title":"Optimizing pediatric asthma management: implementation and evaluation of anti-inflammatory reliever and single maintenance and reliever therapies","volume":"13","author":"Nguyen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1258\/jrsm.2011.110180","article-title":"The answer is 17 years, what is the question: understanding time lags in translational research","volume":"104","author":"Morris","year":"2011","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1111\/wvn.12403","article-title":"Implementation of implementation science knowledge: the research-practice gap paradox","volume":"16","author":"Westerlund","year":"2019","journal-title":"Worldviews Evid-Based Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.71453","article-title":"School health staff perspectives on the implementation of single maintenance and reliever therapy (SMART) for children with asthma","volume":"61","author":"Goulding","year":"2026","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2025.07.022","article-title":"A pilot pragmatic cluster randomized trial of school-supervised therapy to improve pediatric asthma control","volume":"13","author":"Trivedi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-022-01245-0","article-title":"The updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research based on user feedback","volume":"17","author":"Damschroder","year":"2022","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s43058-022-00283-5","article-title":"CENTER-IT: a novel methodology for adapting multi-level interventions using the consolidated framework for implementation research\u2014a case example of a school-supervised asthma intervention","volume":"3","author":"Trivedi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Implement Sci Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.112516","article-title":"Qualitative methods in implementation research: an introduction","volume":"280","author":"Hamilton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-021-01111-5","article-title":"Rapid versus traditional qualitative analysis using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR)","volume":"16","author":"Nevedal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-017-0574-8","article-title":"Saturation in qualitative research: exploring its conceptualization and operationalization","volume":"52","author":"Saunders","year":"2018","journal-title":"Qual Quant"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.71427","article-title":"Barriers to implementation of SMART: views from pediatric asthma specialists","volume":"60","author":"Jarczyk","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2015.12.011","article-title":"Practice variation in management of childhood asthma is associated with outcome differences","volume":"4","author":"Garbutt","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol: Pract"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.05.023","article-title":"Beginning to address an implementation gap in asthma: pediatricians\u2019 views of prescribing reliever budesonide-formoterol inhalers and SMART in the United States","volume":"11","author":"Krings","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2023.05.036","article-title":"American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology members\u2019 preferred steps 1 to 3 asthma maintenance and reliever therapy and incomplete insurance coverage indicated as main practice hurdle","volume":"131","author":"Larenas-Linnemann","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2024.06.011","article-title":"Adoption and implementation of maintenance and reliever therapy for adults with moderate-to-severe asthma","volume":"133","author":"Zaeh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"9391","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14546-1","article-title":"From best evidence to best practice: effective implementation of change in patients\u2019 care","volume":"362","author":"Grol","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-019-4015-3","article-title":"Context matters in implementation science: a scoping review of determinant frameworks that describe contextual determinants for implementation outcomes","volume":"19","author":"Nilsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-017-0298-4","article-title":"Testing a systematic approach to identify and prioritise barriers to successful implementation of a complex healthcare intervention","volume":"17","author":"Craig","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"}],"container-title":["Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1081120626002589?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1081120626002589?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T23:59:04Z","timestamp":1785974344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1081120626002589"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S1081120626002589"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030","relation":{},"ISSN":["1081-1206"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1081-1206","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Clinician and family perspectives on the use of single maintenance and reliever therapy for children","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anai.2026.03.030","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}