{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T22:03:30Z","timestamp":1784585010728,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["anesthesiology.theclinics.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anesthesiology Clinics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T07:30:36Z","timestamp":1751614236000},"page":"491-505","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Artificial Intelligence in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Heitor J.S.","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Dabbagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamen","family":"Vlassakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. Sassan","family":"Sabouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2022.994805","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia: a scoping review","volume":"9","author":"Viderman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-017-1575-8","article-title":"SLIDE: automatic spine level identification system using a deep convolutional neural network","volume":"12","author":"Hetherington","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-018-1721-y","article-title":"Convolution neural networks for real-time needle detection and localization in 2D ultrasound","volume":"13","author":"Mwikirize","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2023-104526","article-title":"Daring discourse: artificial intelligence in pain medicine, opportunities and challenges","volume":"48","author":"Adams","year":"2023","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib5","first-page":"2101","article-title":"FDA approves artificial intelligence device for guiding regional anesthesia","volume":"328","author":"Larkin","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm14030310","article-title":"Artificial intelligence-supported ultrasonography in anesthesiology: evaluation of a patient in the operating theatre","volume":"14","author":"Mika","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Personalized Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2021-103368","article-title":"Exploring the utility of assistive artificial intelligence for ultrasound scanning in regional anesthesia","volume":"47","author":"Bowness","year":"2022","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000638","article-title":"Did ultrasound fulfill the promise of safety in regional anesthesia?","volume":"31","author":"Barrington","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.4097\/kja.d.18.00317","article-title":"Simulation-based ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia curriculum for anesthesiology residents","volume":"72","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0b013e3182475fba","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia: how much practice do novices require before achieving competency in ultrasound needle visualization using a cadaver model","volume":"37","author":"Barrington","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000002748","article-title":"The effect of high-frequency, structured expert feedback on the learning curves of basic interventional ultrasound skills applied to regional anesthesia","volume":"126","author":"De Oliveira Filho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-022-01937-6","article-title":"Examining the impact perceptual learning artificial-intelligence-based on the incidence of paresthesia when performing the ultrasound-guided popliteal sciatic block: simulation-based randomized study","volume":"22","author":"Cai","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086966","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided nerve blocks \u2013 is documentation and education feasible using only text and pictures? linker RA","volume":"9","author":"Worm","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-016-2157-6","article-title":"Feasibility of eye-tracking technology to quantify expertise in ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia","volume":"30","author":"Harrison","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.42346","article-title":"Augmented reality in ultrasound-guided regional anaesthesia: an exploratory study on models with potential implications for training","author":"Shevlin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus [Internet]"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000000450","article-title":"The use of ultrasound in obstetric anesthesia","volume":"30","author":"Weiniger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15255","article-title":"Conventional landmark palpation vs. preprocedural ultrasound for neuraxial analgesia and anaesthesia in obstetrics \u2013 a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analyses","volume":"76","author":"Young","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-022-02300-6","article-title":"A novel ultrasound software system for lumbar level identification in obstetric patients","volume":"69","author":"Hetherington","year":"2022","journal-title":"Can J Anesth Can Anesth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib19","series-title":"Medical imaging 2018: image-guided procedures, robotic interventions, and modeling [Internet]","first-page":"101","article-title":"ProjectAlign: a real-time ultrasound guidance system for spinal midline detection during epidural needle placement","author":"Toews","year":"2018"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-015-1202-5","article-title":"Real-time ultrasound image classification for spine anesthesia using local directional Hadamard features","volume":"10","author":"Pesteie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000001408","article-title":"Harnessing artificial intelligence for predicting and managing postoperative pain: a narrative literature review","volume":"37","author":"Sajdeya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib22","article-title":"The effectiveness of virtual and augmented reality in surgical pain management: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","author":"Levit","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anesth Analg [Internet]"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2024-105603","article-title":"Machine learning research methods to predict postoperative pain and opioid use: a narrative review","volume":"50","author":"Langford","year":"2025","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1948","article-title":"Artificial intelligence to evaluate postoperative pain based on facial expression recognition","volume":"26","author":"Fontaine","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-019-0772-4","article-title":"Machine-learned analysis of global and glial\/opioid intersection\u2013related DNA methylation in patients with persistent pain after breast cancer surgery","volume":"11","author":"Kringel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Epigenet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-10-23","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 4 mediates microglial activation and production of inflammatory mediators in neonatal rat brain following hypoxia: role of TLR4 in hypoxic microglia","volume":"10","author":"Yao","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000006832","article-title":"Classifying high-risk patients for persistent opioid use after major spine surgery: a machine-learning approach","volume":"139","author":"Simpson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2024.03.054","article-title":"Deep learning predicts postoperative opioids refills in a multi-institutional cohort of surgical patients","volume":"176","author":"Salehinejad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2022.3178","article-title":"Patient-centered pain care using artificial intelligence and mobile health tools: a randomized comparative effectiveness trial","volume":"182","author":"Piette","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"0160","DOI":"10.34133\/cbsystems.0160","article-title":"Sensors and devices guided by artificial intelligence for personalized pain medicine","volume":"5","author":"Xing","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cyborg Bionic Syst"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.4748","article-title":"Moving towards the use of artificial intelligence in pain management","volume":"29","author":"Antel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib32","author":"Chui"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.15386\/mpr-2696","article-title":"Artificial Intelligence and medical specialties: support or substitution?","volume":"97","author":"Popa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med Pharm Rep"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2022-104066","article-title":"Can artificial intelligence make clinical decisions in regional anesthesia? An infographic","volume":"49","author":"Hurley","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001118","article-title":"Machine learning in pain research","volume":"159","author":"L\u00f6tsch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2023-104646","article-title":"Addition of dexamethasone to prolong peripheral nerve blocks: a ChatGPT-created narrative review","volume":"49","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.13428","article-title":"Artificial intelligence and pain medicine education: benefits and pitfalls for the medical trainee","volume":"25","author":"Glicksman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pain Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0000000000001508","article-title":"A roadmap for artificial intelligence in pain medicine: current status, opportunities, and requirements","author":"Adams","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Opin Anaesthesiol [Internet]"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2024-105340","article-title":"Use of natural language processing method to identify regional anesthesia from clinical notes","volume":"50","author":"Graham","year":"2025","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3344\/kjp.23312","article-title":"The downsides of artificial intelligence in healthcare","volume":"37","author":"Cordero","year":"2024","journal-title":"Korean J Pain"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2023-104868","article-title":"Danger, Danger, Gaston Labat! Does zero-shot artificial intelligence correlate with anticoagulation guidelines recommendations for neuraxial anesthesia?","volume":"49","author":"Hurley","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"}],"container-title":["Anesthesiology Clinics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1932227525000345?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1932227525000345?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T23:30:09Z","timestamp":1754004609000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1932227525000345"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1932227525000345"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-2275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-2275","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Artificial Intelligence in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Management","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Anesthesiology Clinics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.anclin.2025.05.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}