{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T07:42:49Z","timestamp":1792395769220,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005045","name":"Ministry of Finance","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005045","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011798","name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People&apos;s Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011798","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012542","name":"Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFYZ0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFYZ0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Animal Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T16:38:31Z","timestamp":1780418311000},"page":"556-569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Using intelligent behavioral monitoring to assess the impact of dietary energy and protein on growth, digestion, metabolism, and behavior of young female yaks"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Duoting","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lushun","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7999-3612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhisheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyuan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingqi","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huawei","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fali","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yahui","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quanhui","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianxin","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiping","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2007-0724","article-title":"Diet digestibility, rate of passage, and eating and rumination behavior of Jersey and Holstein cows","volume":"91","author":"Aikman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib2","series-title":"Official methods of analysis","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib3","series-title":"AOAC International","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2007-0726","article-title":"Salivary secretion during meals in lactating dairy cattle","volume":"91","author":"Beauchemin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19650046","article-title":"Prediction of the amount of methane produced by ruminants","volume":"19","author":"Blaxter","year":"1965","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystemseng.2024.08.003","article-title":"Livestock feeding behaviour: a review on automated systems for ruminant monitoring","volume":"246","author":"Chelotti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biosyst Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib7","article-title":"IoT-Based system for individual dairy cow feeding behavior monitoring using cow face recognition and edge computing","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"IOT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1017\/S1466252321000177","article-title":"The livestock farming digital transformation: implementation of new and emerging technologies using artificial intelligence","volume":"23","author":"Fuentes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anim Health Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib9","first-page":"1684","article-title":"Mannan-rich fraction supplementation: a promising nutritional strategy for optimizing growth and health of pre-weaning calves","volume":"15","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Animals Open Access J MDPI"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtherbio.2024.103929","article-title":"Effect of seven days heat stress on feed and water intake, milk characteristics, blood parameters, physiological indicators, and gene expression in Holstein dairy cows","volume":"123","author":"Jo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Therm Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.3390\/su12030957","article-title":"Ethnic and cultural diversity amongst yak herding communities in the Asian highlands","volume":"12","author":"Joshi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4061","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-15189","article-title":"Reconstituted versus dry alfalfa hay in starter feed diets of Holstein dairy calves: effects on feed intake, feeding and chewing behavior, feed preference, and health criteria","volume":"102","author":"Kargar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(03)73773-4","article-title":"Modification of the Penn State forage and total mixed ration particle separator and the effects of moisture content on its measurements","volume":"86","author":"Kononoff","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(03)73634-0","article-title":"Effect of quantity, quality, and length of alfalfa hay on selective consumption by dairy cows","volume":"86","author":"Leonardi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.599418","article-title":"Effects of intensive fattening with total mixed rations on carcass characteristics, meat quality, and meat chemical composition of yak and mechanism based on serum and transcriptomic profiles","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2018.00305","article-title":"Chicken or the egg: the reciprocal association between feeding behavior and animal welfare and their impact on productivity in dairy cows","volume":"5","author":"Llonch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0377-8401(99)00057-7","article-title":"Feed value of native forages of the Tibetan Plateau of China","volume":"80","author":"Long","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anim Feed Sci Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1080\/1828051X.2023.2241870","article-title":"Deviation of behavioural and productive parameters in dairy cows due to a lameness event: a synthesis of reviews","volume":"22","author":"Magrin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ital J Anim Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib19","series-title":"Feeding standard of beef cattle","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib20","series-title":"Nutrient requirements of beef cattle","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02915705","article-title":"The characteristics of climate change over the Tibetan Plateau in the last 40 years and the detection of climatic jumps","volume":"21","author":"Niu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Adv Atmos Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6178","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2023-24065","article-title":"A dynamic individual method for yak heifer live body weight estimation using the YOLOv8 network and body parameter detection algorithm","volume":"107","author":"Peng","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2006-619","article-title":"Effect of undegradable intake protein supplementation on intake, digestion, microbial efficiency, in situ disappearance, and plasma hormones and metabolites in steers fed low-quality grass hay","volume":"85","author":"Reed","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms13071543","article-title":"Synergistic adaptations of yak rumen Microbiota, metabolites and host to altitudinal","volume":"13","author":"Ren","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biosystemseng.2017.03.001","article-title":"A multi-kinect cow scanning system: calculating linear traits from manually marked recordings of Holstein-Friesian dairy cows","volume":"157","author":"Salau","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biosyst Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2007.12.008","article-title":"Interaction between protein and energy supply on protein utilization in growing cattle: a review","volume":"114","author":"Schroeder","year":"2008","journal-title":"Livest Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4843","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3048415","article-title":"Machine learning applications for precision agriculture: a comprehensive review","volume":"9","author":"Sharma","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3583","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2","article-title":"Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition","volume":"74","author":"Van Soest","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14121751","article-title":"Effects of dietary protein level and rumen-protected methionine and lysine on growth performance, rumen fermentation and serum indexes for yaks","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2527","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13162527","article-title":"Effects of dietary energy levels on growth performance, serum metabolites, and meat quality of Jersey cattle-yaks","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.05.012","article-title":"Convergent evolution of rumen microbiomes in high-altitude mammals","volume":"26","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2025.01.009","article-title":"Dietary energy and protein gradients drive metabolic adaptation in growing-finishing yaks on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau","volume":"21","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anim Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1212422","article-title":"High energy level diet improves the growth performance and rumen fermentation of yaks in cold weather","volume":"10","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004_bib34","series-title":"Projected climate change impact on hydrology, bioclimatic conditions and terrestrial ecosystems in the Asian highlands","first-page":"1","author":"Zomer","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["Animal Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405654526000806?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405654526000806?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T07:10:34Z","timestamp":1792393834000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2405654526000806"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["S2405654526000806"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["2405-6545"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2405-6545","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Using intelligent behavioral monitoring to assess the impact of dietary energy and protein on growth, digestion, metabolism, and behavior of young female yaks","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Animal Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aninu.2026.02.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}